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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Using Ecological Network Analysis to Assess an Automotive Eco-Industrial Park for Sustainable Manufacturing</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2693159</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A key element for achieving sustainable manufacturing is efficient and effective resource use, which can potentially be achieved by encouraging symbiotic thinking among multiple manufacturers and industrial actors and establish resource flow structures that are analogous to material flows in natural ecosystems. Eco-industrial parks (EIPs) represent a strategic approach to sustainable industrial development by promoting resource efficiency, waste minimization, and symbiotic collaboration among industrial actors. This paper focuses on creating an eco-industrial park around an automotive assembly facility. Various scenarios are explored to increase interaction and circularity among various actors in the local automative ecosystem. Ecological Network Analysis (ENA), an approach used in benchmarking natural ecosystem, is applied to evaluate the various water, material and energy network improvements. The analyses show how to improve current structure of an automotive industrial ecosystem and quantitatively assess the network modifications without actual (often proprietary) resource flow data. By using ENA, it is also possible to compare the various EIP designs with actual natural ecosystems using various ENA metrics. Although improved, the resulting EIPs still lag compared to natural ecosystems with respect to some key metrics.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:01:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2693159</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A Holistic Evaluation Framework for Air-Front Smart Cities: Integrating Quality of Life and Quality of Business via Accessibility Modeling</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655527</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study introduces a novel concept of air-front smart cities, and an innovative framework integrating Quality of Life (QOL) and Quality of Business (QOB) concepts to evaluate urban policies and scenarios in Air-Front Smart Cities. These accessibility-based evaluation models examine the correlation and interaction between QOL and QOB, with a focus on sustainable urban development and decarbonization goals. By connecting transportation and digital accessibility to essential services and resources, the framework enables holistic assessments of urban ecosystems. Key QOL and QOB component indicators are identified and selected, tailored to startups and post-harvest agriculture, representing diverse economic sectors. The study links transportation planning with urban policy evaluations, focusing on human well-being, economic growth, and decarbonization, applying the framework to real-world cases in Japan (Aichi) and the Philippines (Baguio). The findings demonstrate the utility of the framework in optimizing urban policies to align economic growth, livability, and sustainability in Air-Front Smart Cities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 15:20:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655527</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Land Suitability Assessment for Industrial Development Using GIS: A Case Study of Rohtak and Jhajjar, Haryana</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655515</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study evaluates land suitability for industrial development in the Rohtak and Jhajjar districts of Haryana using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. The analysis integrates spatial data on key factors, including proximity to transportation networks (highways, railways), existing industrial clusters, and environmentally sensitive zones (forests, canals, and groundwater recharge areas). Buffer zones are applied to define no-development areas, ensuring ecological preservation while optimizing industrial site selection. A weighted overlay analysis is used to put land parcels into five groups based on how suitable they are: Highly Suitable, Suitable, Moderately Suitable, Less Suitable, and Not Suitable. The results show that transport corridors are the best places for industrial growth, while forest reserves and areas that are sensitive to water are not. This study gives policymakers and urban planners in new urban-industrial areas a way to make decisions about how to plan for sustainable industry that balances economic growth with protecting the environment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 15:20:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655515</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Agglomeration dynamics and firm typologies in African port-industrial clusters: Evidence from the port of Tema, Ghana</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2652714</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Firm-level behaviour within port-industrial clusters shapes regional competitiveness, yet empirical evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa remains scarce. This study analyses how firms within the Port of Tema industrial cluster in Ghana engage with collaboration, resource access, and innovation dynamics, applying evolutionary, institutional, and network-relational perspectives. A cross-sectional survey of 278 firms within a 10-km radius of the port was analysed using K-means clustering and validated through ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Four firm typologies were identified: Collaborative Integrators, who leverage cooperation to achieve superior market and financial access; Dynamic Coopetitors, balancing competitive and cooperative ties; Competitive Innovators, maintaining selective engagement; and Isolated Peripherals, largely excluded from cluster networks. Findings reveal that relational and institutional proximity, rather than physical infrastructure, are the primary differentiators of firm performance within the cluster. The results challenge infrastructure-centric development paradigms, suggesting that once a baseline capacity is reached, competitiveness depends on trust-based collaboration and inclusive governance. The study extends port-cluster theory into an African context and highlights the need for policy frameworks that strengthen inter-firm coordination, social capital, and financial inclusion to unlock cluster potential.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 11:24:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2652714</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Optimizing logistics park layouts through simulation and adaptive genetic algorithms</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594727</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an innovative approach to the design of logistics park layouts using an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (GA). Logistics park layout optimization is a complex problem with significant implications for freight transportation efficiency and overall park functionality. In this study, the authors address the challenge of selecting the most suitable road network layout by considering the unique characteristics of the logistics park and its functional areas. The Adaptive GA incorporates a sophisticated strategy for initial population generation and an adaptive crossover and mutation operation, leading to improved solutions. Through rigorous simulations and evaluations, the authors compare different road network layouts, highlighting the advantages of both grid and circular layouts. The findings provide valuable insights for logistics park planners and decision-makers, contributing to sustainable and efficient transportation networks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Oct 2025 09:08:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594727</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Best practices for implementing sustainable urban logistics – the case of freight consolidation for a Berlin industrial area</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2571383</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Urban logistics has experienced significant transformations since the 1990s, driven by digitization, evolving consumer preferences, and increased environmental awareness. This evolution has opened up opportunities for sustainable logistics practices in urban areas, aiming to optimize transportation while positively impacting urban sustainability. While urban logistics is commonly associated with parcel delivery to individual consumers due to the rise of e-commerce, it also encompasses deliveries to other receivers like retail stores, gastronomy, or urban industrial areas. However, current research has not yet focused on sustainable delivery to urban industrial areas, even if they differ from other receivers, as they are mainly manufacturers receiving time-critical, perishable, or bulky goods for production with unique logistics requirements. Therefore, this paper outlines best practices for implementing a sustainable delivery consolidation system in urban industrial areas. The findings are based on practical insights from supporting a consolidated delivery system implementation in a Berlin industrial area in 2023/2024. As a result, the authors derive best practices related to an urban logistics implementation project, which are classified in the following steps: stakeholder management and engagement, urban logistics system design (e.g., processes, business model), implementation planning, and monitoring and evaluation. The authors' findings can support city planners and logistics managers in realizing the impact of sustainable urban logistics in the case of urban industrial areas.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Sep 2025 08:45:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2571383</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Study on corrosion and mechanical properties of railway steel in industrial atmosphere</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2566398</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Salt spray tests were conducted to simulate the corrosion behavior of Q345, Q370, and Q500qENH steels under industrial atmospheric conditions. The experiments included five corrosion cycles: 2, 4, 8, 18, and 30 days. The weight loss of steel under various corrosion cycles was calculated using the corrosion weight loss method. Based on the experimental data, the corrosion rate of steel was analyzed to investigate the corrosion kinetics. The corrosion morphology and elemental content of the rust layer were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The composition of the rust layer was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) under different corrosion durations. The surface roughness of the steel, after rust removal, was measured with a confocal scanning microscope. Additionally, the Tafel curve and electrochemical impedance of the rust layer were evaluated using electrochemical methods. Finally, the relationship between corrosion time and degradation of mechanical properties of steel sheet was investigated by static stretching of steel sheet with varying corrosion periods. The results indicate that the corrosion rates of Q345, Q370, and Q500qENH in an industrial atmospheric environment consistently decrease as corrosion time increases. This reduction in corrosion rate is primarily due to the increased presence of structurally dense corrosion product α-FeOOH. The corrosion rate of Q500qENH is comparable to that of Q345 and Q370 during the early stage; however, it is significantly lower than the rates of the other two in the later stage. As the corrosion time increases, both the area and depth of corrosion pits on the surface of the three types of steel continue to expand. Ultimately, a relationship between mechanical parameters and corrosion age is established, revealing a linear decrease.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Jul 2025 11:29:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2566398</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Coastal Flood Resilience for South Boston’s Marine Industrial Park</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559425</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Raymond L. Flynn Marine Park, a cornerstone of South Boston’s waterfront, has evolved from its historical roots as a bustling military complex to an important marine industrial hub and jobs center for the city. Urban and industrial resilience has become a focal point as the Marine Park has grown in recent years. This paper reviews the initial park’s transformation, emphasizing the City of Boston and the Boston Planning Department’s proactive measures to fortify the area against the escalating threats stemming from coastal flooding today and in the future with projected sea level rise.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 2025 11:43:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559425</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Digitization of Industrial Zone and Seaport Infrastructure of Dung Quat Economic Zone in Vietnam</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559423</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The digitalization of infrastructure in developing countries is increasingly prioritized, with Vietnam making significant strides in this area. This paper presents a case study of the Dung Quat Economic Zone in central Vietnam, where over 30,000 ha of transportation infrastructure, industrial parks, and seaports were digitized within 2 months. The project resulted in the creation of a comprehensive digital database, including Building Information Modeling (BIM) models, 3D terrain representations, and associated legal documentation. The digitized data is crucial for various applications, from port and regional development planning to the management and maintenance of infrastructure facilities. The process involved advanced technologies, such as 3D laser scanning, UAV-based LiDAR, and photogrammetry for data acquisition, followed by the integration of BIM models into a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform. This integration facilitated a holistic understanding of spatial relationships and attributes, enabling improved decision-making and predictive maintenance through a digital twin program. The study outlines the achievements of the digitalization effort and provides insights into its transformative impact on infrastructure management and planning within the Dung Quat Economic Zone.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 2025 11:43:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559423</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation and Spatial Mapping of Criteria Air Pollutants in an Industrial City in India</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2521583</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Air pollution poses a significant environmental challenge in many urban areas worldwide, largely driven by human activities and increasingly affecting air quality (AQ). This study focuses on mapping various pollutants that are emitted by vehicles using two common spatial interpolation methods: (1) Kriging; and (2) inverse distance weighting (IDW). In the initial phase, spatial interpolation models were developed to highlight the need for sustainable urban development. Air pollutant concentrations were spatially interpolated for seasonal and annual periods at three unmonitored locations [Indra Nagar (IDN), Civil Lines (CVL), and Jajmau (JJM)] in Kanpur City, Uttar Pradesh, India, using data from 2015 to 2020, which was collected from eight monitoring stations. A vulnerability analysis was performed for the study period and visualized spatially. The results showed a steady annual rise in the total vulnerable score (VS𝘛) from 2016 to 2020, which reflects increasing vehicular emissions. The predicted VS𝘛 values indicated that the most significant deterioration in AQ occurred in the industrial area of JJM, and the residential area of IDN saw the least impact. Seasonally, the IDW provided more accurate VS𝘛 predictions for residential and commercial areas during summer. Kriging performed better in the monsoon and winter months due to more complex spatial patterns. A similar trend was observed in the industrial area, with the IDW being effective post-monsoon and Kriging excelling during the monsoon and winter. Analyzing specific pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) (e.g., PM₁₀), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), this study identified significant underpredictions and overpredictions at various sites. In addition, the findings could help to estimate pollutant levels at unmonitored locations, which could offer deeper insights into spatial patterns and AQ trends in Kanpur. This study underscores the importance of enhancing AQ monitoring and controlling vehicular emissions to mitigate the development of air pollution hot spots in the city.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 2025 15:51:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2521583</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Optimization on land development intensity of new industrial towns based on carrying capacity of multi-modal traffic network</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2509000</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the context of China’s new urbanization, the establishment of ‘new industrial towns (NITs)’ has emerged as a pivotal strategy for facilitating urban development. However, the current construction of NITs confronts numerous challenges, including issues such as unreasonable land development intensity (LDI) and overburdened transportation infrastructure. Urgent attention and improvement are required to address the coordination gaps between urban land use and transportation systems. This research explores the traffic carrying capacity (TCC) of NITs at a multi-modal super-network level, developing a bi-level programming model for LDI optimization and proposing an improved genetic algorithm (GA) to solve it. Taking the NIT in Laiwu District, Jinan, China as a case study area, the results demonstrate that this approach maximizes the utilization of space–time resources in both bus and car networks, particularly benefiting the latter during morning peak hours, thereby achieving a more balanced supply-demand traffic equilibrium.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 2025 09:20:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2509000</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The influence mechanisms of transport infrastructure on China’s domestic trade: Evidence from trade weight data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2506510</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transport infrastructure is essential for economic growth and regional development, yet its impact on domestic trade has not been extensively studied. For data availability and to mitigate the effects of price volatility, this study utilizes interregional goods exchange data within China to substitute for trade value, examining how transport infrastructure affects intra-provincial and inter-provincial trade. A spatial econometric model is applied to analyze the factors influencing these effects. The results indicate that transport infrastructure significantly enhances domestic trade, with a more pronounced effect on intra-provincial trade than on inter-provincial trade. The mechanisms through which transport infrastructure influences domestic trade include four pathways: the direct effect, the independent mediating effect of industrial agglomeration, the independent mediating effect of technological innovation, and a chain mediating effect involving ‘industrial agglomeration → technological innovation’. Among these effects, the direct effect of transport infrastructure on domestic trade is the strongest, followed by the independent mediating effect of technological innovation. Furthermore, the trade-promoting effects of industrial agglomeration and technological innovation are more substantial in provinces with lower transport density, whereas the chain mediating pathway is more effective in provinces with medium to high transport density.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Feb 2025 16:58:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2506510</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Manchester Biofabrication Cluster Transportation Equity Study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2499195</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Manchester Biofabrication Cluster Transportation Equity Study describes the challenges and provides recommendations to improve transportation equity in the ReGen Valley Tech Hub (designated by the US Economic Development Administration (EDA) in 2023). The ReGen Valley Tech Hub, located in the Manchester's Millyard District, projects that the regional biofabrication workforce will grow by approximately 9,000 new employees over the next ten years, on an already transportation-constrained site. This report details recommendations for how to ensure that future employees, specifically from traditionally underserved background, can easily, safely, and equitably access these jobs. The report argues that a business-as-usual approach to transportation access to and within the Millyard is unsustainable and that a diversified portfolio of transportation access, management, and circulation strategies will provide both equity benefits and facilitate continued growth for the Manchester BioFabrication industry and education pipeline.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Feb 2025 10:45:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2499195</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Borrowed size and borrowed administrative power: Effects of high-speed rail network on industrial upgrading and variegated externalities in the Yangtze River Delta, China</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2488326</link>
      <description><![CDATA[While the externalities of urban size on regional transportation infrastructure effects have been extensively discussed, the role of urban administrative power has received comparatively less scholarly attention. This study delves into the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) development on urban industrial upgrading and regional development, focusing on both economic and administrative externalities. By applying the concepts of ‘borrowed size’ and ‘agglomeration shadow,’ the authors analyze the effects of HSR on industrial upgrading in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region using panel data from 199 county-level units between 2000 and 2017. Employing multi-stage difference-in-differences (DID) and difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) models, their findings reveal that HSR significantly catalyzes industrial upgrading in the YRD, with a notable reduction in the output value of the secondary sector by 4.4 % and an expansion of the tertiary sector by 7.4 %. Additionally, this study indicates a positive correlation between urban size and manufacturing sector exit, while administrative power enhances the service sector's concentration in HSR-connected regions. These findings not only contribute to the existing body of scholarship on HSR's role in industrial upgrading but also advance a novel methodological approach that bridges transport geography and urban political economy through the lens of transport infrastructure as a mediating mechanism.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jan 2025 11:34:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2488326</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reducing industrial pollution and interregional environmental inequality via the world's largest high-speed railway network</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2484650</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Industrial pollution and the associated spatial environmental inequality increase health risks and hinder sustainable development, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Large-scale public transportation infrastructure that connects developed and developing cities, exemplified by high-speed railway (HSR), has the potential to be an effective instrument. Here, the authors provide nationwide micro-level estimates for the overall and distributional environmental impacts of HSR in a middle-income context. Using over half-a-million emission records of industrial firms during the rapid expansion of Chinese HSR, the world's largest HSR program, the authors find significant reductions in firm emissions after HSR opening (by 5.11–13.80%). The contributions come via facilitating intercity element flows like (green) technologies and lowering emission intensities. At the aggregate level, the HSR-driven emission reductions account for 0.49–1.70% of the overall emissions during the study period. Last, the authors examine the geographical distributional impacts of HSR. Both the authors' between-city and within-city analyses reveal that laggard areas benefit more from HSR connection, thereby contributing to inter-regional environmental equality.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jan 2025 17:07:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2484650</guid>
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