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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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      <title>Regulating app-based mobility: case studies from Bangkok, Manila and Phnom Penh</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452444</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The rise of app-based mobility services in Southeast Asia has changed urban mobility and goods delivery, yet many cities still lack fit-for-purpose regulation. This report reviews the regulatory frameworks and governance structures for app-based mobility services in three Southeast Asian cities: Bangkok, Manila and Phnom Penh. The study evaluates the benefits and challenges of these services from a public policy perspective and provides city-specific recommendations as well as insights applicable to other urban centres in the region. The work is carried out in collaboration with local knowledge partners. In-depth interviews with key stakeholders across the public and private sectors in each city inform findings, building on conclusions from the ITF ‘Regulating App-based Mobility Services in ASEAN’ report. This project is funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea and delivered in collaboration with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Nov 2024 14:17:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452444</guid>
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      <title>MUARC baseline program to assess the impact of drug use on road safety: report 3: understanding the patterns and motivations for drug-driving behaviour and community attitudes towards addressing drug-driving in Victoria, Australia</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452442</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With drug-driving representing a significant road safety concern, this report set out to document the use of alcohol and other drugs in the Victorian community and to provide an understanding of the correlates of drug-driving behavior. Of interest were community attitudes, motivations, and knowledge of both drug use and perceived risks associated with drug-driving. With a view toward improving road safety, community support for drug-driving countermeasures and their perceived effectiveness were examined. In line with the current roadside drug testing regime in Victoria, emphasis was placed on outcomes that related to driving whilst under the influence of cannabis (THC), ecstasy (MDMA) and amphetamines, particularly Ice. The research was conducted in two parts: 1) 10 interviews with hospital and community-based drug and alcohol treatment specialists in the period September - October 2017; 2) A population-based survey of the Victorian community was undertaken. Survey data was collected in the January 2018 – March 2018 period and 1852 individuals completed the survey. Interviews with drug and alcohol specialists highlighted the complexity of drug use and its relationship to driving. A distinction was made between recreational users, high-functioning regular users and dependent users of illicit substances. Treatment needs were seen to differ based on the drug used. The detection of drug-driving was seen be an opportunity for intervention, noting that a therapeutic-justice model would likely to be the most effective for dependent drug-users rather than a purely sanctions-based approach. Support for sanction- and therapeutic-based countermeasures for drug-driving differed depending on individual history of use and type of drug used but was nonetheless high.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Nov 2024 14:17:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2452442</guid>
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      <title>Perceived unfairness in drug driving laws by medicinal cannabis users</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431545</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Over the past four years, access to medicinal cannabis in Australia has been growing rapidly. To investigate cannabis usage patterns, driving behaviors, and interactions with police regarding drug driving laws, this study interviewed 59 Medicinal Cannabis Users (MCUs) from Queensland, Australia. The interview data was analyzed based on the four elements of procedural justice, including voice, neutrality, respect, and trust. The participants reported feeling unfairly treated and overlooked by current drug-driving legislation. They also expressed a lack of opportunity to voice their objections and challenge any drug driving charges, given their legal access to the drug and perceived lack of impairment when pulled over by the police. This study highlights the potential implications for future iterations of drug-driving legislation, particularly for the rapidly increasing population that is using cannabis as a prescribed medication.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:49:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431545</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Key functions and characteristics of effective road safety research programs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431541</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project aimed to identify best practices for road safety research programs involving government and research agency partnerships to achieve zero road trauma. The methodology included a scoping literature review and in-depth interviews with subject matter experts. The scoping review found that successful road safety research programs require good governance, stakeholder engagement, and a well-structured research administration cycle. Themes from the interviews highlighted the importance of a systems-based and Safe System orientation, focusing on achieving zero serious road trauma targets, developing road safety strategies, identifying systemic road safety risks, and prioritising cost-effective measures. The research program lifecycle should include conception, program and governance development, delivery, monitoring and reporting, auditing, and continuous improvement. The findings of the project illuminate successful road safety research program characteristics, and the recommendations encapsulate strategic implementation of these insights, thereby serving our purpose of establishing a good-practice framework for government and research agency collaborations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:49:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431541</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Recruiting for road safety research: vital voices, scams and safeguards</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431532</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The voice of food delivery cyclists is missing from most road safety research. Food delivery cyclists became vital service providers in many Australian cities during the coronavirus pandemic and this demand is continuing. While food delivery cyclists face the same road safety concerns as other cyclists, there are additional challenges that need urgent attention. There are barriers to engaging this diverse group in research. We encountered roadblocks in recruitment from de-centralised organisational platforms, high turnover, language barriers, complex ethics requirements and an online scam. Despite these obstacles, we recruited more than 50 participants to complete Australia’s first comprehensive study of the experience of food delivery cyclists. Insights in terms of access, incentives, awareness of scams and engaging with legitimate participants will be useful for other researchers and practitioners who seek to engage other under-represented or marginalised road user groups.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:49:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431532</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Exploring older drivers’ perceptions of ADAS and AVs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431520</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Perceptions of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Vehicles (AVs) were explored in two focus group studies of 42 older drivers with and without age-related declines. Study 1 explored perceptions regarding ADAS and AVs, focusing on visual, auditory, physical, and cognitive factors. Study 2 extended this, by additionally exploring perceptions following exposure to videos and static vehicle demonstrations of an ADAS and highly automated (Level 4) AV. Findings highlighted the potential for ADAS and AVs to assist those with age-related declines and the need to increase flexibility of warning system alerts to suit abilities of drivers and reduce the complexity of vehicle interfaces. Participants were also concerned that while AVs would assist older drivers, there was a perceived risk of becoming disengaged from driving and unable to takeback vehicle control. Collectively, findings demonstrated the importance of engaging older drivers with and without age-related declines in designing ADAS and AVs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:49:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431520</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>What do Facebook police location groups mean for road safety?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431475</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Facebook police location communities (PLCs) refer to groups and pages on Facebook where users can share the locations of roadside police traffic enforcement, potentially enabling motorists to offend without detection. The current study aimed to explore how and why PLCs are used, with a focus on 30 Queensland motorists who consume illicit drugs and/or medical cannabis and use PLCs for obtaining information regarding Roadside Drug Testing (RDT) locations. Interviews were conducted with each participant. A thematic analysis revealed that participants used PLCs to avoid RDT and perceived drug driving laws to be unfair. Participants reported that they would delay driving or take a different route upon seeing a RDT location online but acknowledged that PLCs were not entirely accurate in posting all RDT operations that are occurring on the road. These results have policing and road safety implications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:48:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431475</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An investigation into the influence of metacognitions on aggressive driving</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431473</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study aimed to develop a self-report measure, the Beliefs about Driver Anger Questionnaire (BDAQ), that is associated with anger-related mental processes (e.g., rumination; anger) and road behaviours. Two Australian samples completed online surveys regarding demographics, anger-related beliefs, self-regulatory ability, antisocial traits, and anger-related tendencies. A series of analyses revealed that five prominent subscales emerged: positive beliefs about the utility of rumination and anger, negative beliefs about the controllability of rumination and anger, and antisocial beliefs about anger expression. Correlations indicated that the BDAQ subscales were positively associated with self-regulatory dysfunction, antisocial traits, anger rumination, trait driver anger, and driver aggression. Furthermore, path analysis showed that the subscales indirectly influenced and explained sizeable portions of the variance in anger rumination (54.3%), driver anger (49.6%), and driver aggression (38.7%). Overall, the BDAQ appears to be a valid measure of anger-related beliefs and can predict psychological processes that underlie aggressive driving behaviour.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:48:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431473</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Can greyscale reduce phone use on the road?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431464</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study aimed to explore the impact of applying greyscale intervention to reduce mobile phone use on the road. The study design was as follows, participants were invited to switch their phone interface from colour to greyscale (black and white) for two weeks and completed two activities across one month (six stages: 4-time filling out a questionnaire and two interviews) as part of the study. After two weeks of greyscale intervention, participants could remain in greyscale or switch to colour for the following two weeks. The questionnaires to assess maladaptive mobile phone use (MMPU), included Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS), Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire (MPIQ), and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). The interviews were conducted to examine positive and negative experiences of using greyscale. The findings included phone use trends across the study and self-reported behaviour. It was anticipated that insights from the results would indicate whether greyscale feature shows promise as an intervention for reducing MMPU, and phone use in general, and on the road.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:48:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431464</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A national overview of current and emerging road safety technologies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431418</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study is a national overview of current Australian road safety technologies. The project was conducted in three stages: 1) review of the scientific literature, 2) in-depth interviews with key stakeholders (government and/or Police) and 3) a debrief in the Northern Territory (NT). Using the PRISMA protocol 48 scientific papers identified the evidence base for the road safety technologies. This review identified a scientific basis for a range of established technologies (e.g. road safety cameras (speed, fixed, mobile), random breath/drug test, alcohol interlocks) and some evidence for new technologies (e.g. drones, MAC sniffers). The interviews identified the utility of these technologies and the role of other factors in the effectiveness (e.g. hypothecation, community attitudes) and barriers to implementation (e.g. system barriers, legislative delays). Insights provide a national overview of technologies in use and the potential for new and emerging technologies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:47:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431418</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Zebra crossings at T-intersections: changing the rules for improved walkability</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431367</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Local governments in Melbourne are installing zebra crossings at prioritised T-intersections to increase certainty for road users and to create a more equitable and safer mobility environment for pedestrians. However, there is complexity in, and poor knowledge of the road rules with which the treatment interacts creating risk that the treatment may have systems level unintended negative consequences for walkability. This study used a survey and expert interviews to test this hypothesis. Results suggest that while these zebra crossings can eliminate the uncertainties at the sites where they are installed, there is also a very real risk that their use at some but not all T-intersections could undermine walkability in the neighbourhoods in which they are used. To avoid this we recommend, supported by a recent UK precedent, changing the Australian road rules to require car drivers to give way to pedestrians who are crossing the side roads of T-intersections.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:46:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431367</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Can telematics be used to improve young driver behaviours?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431365</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Road traffic deaths are increasing globally, reaching 1.35 million in 2016 in comparison to 1.3 million a decade ago (WHO, 2018). Young drivers are disproportionately killed in road traffic collisions in Australia. These drivers are more prone to exhibiting risky driving behaviours, highlighting the need for intervention. Evidence is emerging that in-vehicle telematics and the feedback that it provides can have a positive influence on driving behaviour. This study aims to determine whether behavioural changes in young drivers measured by in-vehicle telematics are reflected in changes in road safety attitudes measured by the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ). Drivers under the age of 30 with their own vehicle were recruited and had an in-vehicle telematics device installed into their vehicles. Driving data was collected over a 60-day period. It  was expected that road safety attitudes would improve and that these improvements would be reflected in the driving behaviour of the participants.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:46:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431365</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The impact of police uniforms on intentions to offend</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431345</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study aimed to determine if young people’s views of police legitimacy and intentions to offend on the road are affected by the delivery of a police-led road safety program by uniformed police officers (control) compared with plain-clothes police officers (experimental). Participants in this study were grade 12 students from private (fee-paying) high schools located in Queensland, Australia. The study used a randomised field experiment, whereby schools were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: the road safety program was delivered by uniformed police officers or the same officers in plain-clothes. The study findings indicate that young drivers who received the road safety program from uniformed police officers reported significantly lower intentions to offend on the road compared to those in the experimental condition. Additionally, young people's perceptions of police legitimacy were positively affected to a greater extent when the program was delivered by uniformed officers rather than plain-clothed officers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:46:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431345</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Situational action theory and high-risk offending on the beach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431344</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Previous research conducted by the MAIC/UniSc Road Safety Research Collaboration in partnership with the Queensland Police Service identified high rates of dangerous driving and offending behaviours on non-typical roads, specifically: beach recreation areas. This study employs a qualitative approach by surveying drivers on the beach to determine factors that contribute to their willingness to offend on the beach. The purpose of this research project is to investigate the attitudes and beliefs of beach drivers that may be contributing to high levels of offending behaviours. Specifically, we are looking at how these drivers differentiate beach and road offending, how risk is perceived surrounding these behaviours, and what factors might increase offending behaviours.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Sep 2024 14:46:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2431344</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Barriers towards enhancing mobility through MaaS in a regional and rural context: insights from suppliers and organisers [updated version]</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2389467</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study explores the potential of a mobility framework for MaaS in a regional and rural context. In-depth interviews of stakeholders, including Non-Transport Providers and Transport Providers, were conducted in three regional locations in New South Wales, Australia, and their attitudes towards MaaS analysed. Findings revealed that the majority had a positive attitude towards MaaS; while those who expressed negative attitudes commonly had concerns about subscription fees, the underlying reliance on private cars in rural areas, and the digital usage by older people. The paper discusses the government's role in improving travel options which ensure equitable access to both local and regional transport services. Policy implications for necessary adjustments to the modal landscape and the design of a digital App and payment methods are drawn. The results provide insights into the features of mobility services, which could include alternative uses for the private car, provided by various stakeholders and their fit within the mobility framework.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Jun 2024 09:26:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2389467</guid>
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