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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>THE GEODIMETER AND HIGHWAY SURVEYING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/93403</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE UTILIZATION OF AN ELECTRONIC DISTANCE-MEASURING DEVICE FOR HORIZONTAL GROUND CONTROL IN HIGHWAY MAPPING BY PHOTO- GRAMMETRIC METHODS WAS INVESTIGATED.  GEODIMETER MEASUREMENTS WERE ESTIMATED TO SAVE 50 TO 70 PERCENT IN BOTH COST AND TIME COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL TAPING METHODS. THE ACCURACY OF GEODIMETER MEASUREMENTS IS REPORTED. RECOMMENDED RECALIBRATION AND FACTORY OVERHAUL INTERVALS ARE GIVEN.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Dec 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>EVALUATION OF THE TELLUROMETER IN HIGHWAY HORIZONTAL CONTROL WORK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/93722</link>
      <description><![CDATA[FROM JULY 1, 1958, THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 1959, THE TELLUROMETER WAS USED IN MISSISSIPPI FOR ESTABLISHING CONTROL OVER ABOUT 439 ROUTE MILES OF HIGHWAYS IN 218 WORKING DAYS. THROUGHOUT SUMMER AND WINTER OPERATIONS, A VARIETY OF WEATHER CONDITIONS AND A LARGE RANGE IN TEMPERATURES WERE EXPERIENCED. THE MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE OVER ALL TYPES OF TOPOGRAPHY, THROUGHOUT SPARSE AND INTENSE LAND USE AREAS, AND ALONG HEAVILY TRAVELED HIGHWAYS. BASED ON RESULTS ATTAINED, THE TELLUROMETER CAN BE RELIED UPON FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF HORIZONTAL CONTROL TO SECOND-ORDER ACCURACY. SUCH USE OF THE TELLUROMETER REDUCED COSTS OF CONTROL SURVEYS TO LESS THAN 50 PERCENT OF THE COSTS OF SUCH SURVEYS BY CONVENTIONAL TRIANGULATION AND TRAVERSE METHODS. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Aug 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/93722</guid>
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      <title>TECHNICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CONGRESS ON SURVEYING AND MAPPING, ANNUAL MEETING, 41ST, 1981</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/175308</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The volume contains 71 papers and abstracts of papers presented at the meeting; 48 of the papers are indexed separately.  Subjects covered include testing vertical accuracy of topographic maps, photogrammetry applications in mapping, triangulation and surveying, horizontal control marine surveying radar video map, bathymetric data reduction, surveying instruments, education for surveyors and for cartographers, geographic positioning, tidal datums, remote sensing, astro-azsmuth observations, data base systems, computer graphics, orthomapping, retracement surveys, and others.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 May 1982 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>BRIDGING WITH INDEPENDENT HORIZONTAL CONTROL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/80833</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The concept of using distances and azimuths to control aerial triangulation has been long established, but examples of practical implementation in commercial mapping have not been widely publicized.  The underlying principles of one method of bridging with independent horizontal control are described.  A block of four sidelapping flight lines containing 67 photographs at a scale of 1 in. = 500 ft was initially controlled for and bridged by conventional aerial triangulation procedures.  The same project also was controlled and bridged according to the method of independent horizontal control.  Comparison of coordinates of passpoints from the two methods of bridging showed rms differences of 0.58 and 0.60 ft in X and Y, reflecting good relative accuracy.  Overall savings in producing mapping control amounted to 33 percent when the method of independent horizontal control was used as an alternate to the conventional method.  Greater savings are anticipated for other projects.  /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 03 Feb 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>NEW ADJUSTMENT OF NORTH AMERICAN DATUM AND SURVEYOR</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/35156</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A new adjustment of the horizontal geodetic control (triangulation) of the North American continent has began which will probably include Greenland, Canada, the United States, Mexico, and the Central American countries.  The impact of this effort on the surveying community is examined along with comments relating to the importance of tying to the national control network.  The potential of analytical photogrammetry is exploited for the purposes of relating local control to the national network.  Educators are requested to aid in the education of the surveying community in connection with the perils of inconsistent control.  The importance of a national cadastre is stressed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/35156</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE NATIONAL GEODETIC SURVEY VERTICAL PUBLICATION DATA BASE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/141534</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The National Geodetic Survey Information Center (NGSIC) is responsible for the publication of all adjusted vertical and horizontal control data. These data are used by federal state, and local governments, as well as private concerns. The NGSIC has been faced with a tremendous problem in collecting, processing, storing and retrieving these data for publication. Excessive time and efficiency have been lost due to the manual compilation of data for quad publications. Updating a quad has been a particular hindrance to publication since data have been added, changed, or deleted by "cut-and-paste" methods. One of the steps taken to alleviate the publication problem has been the development of a vertical control data base system. Computer software has been developed for processing bench mark elevation data--the final output being the vertical control quad publication. The system employs multiple storage media and varied data structures. Several modes of publication are being tested--microfilm, microfiche, the Xerox 1200 Printer, etc. Plans are proceeding for the extension of the data base system. However, it has become most evident that the standardization of data elements within the geodetic community is vitally needed. For without standardization, the most elaborate of automated systems fails.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Dec 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/141534</guid>
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      <title>DYNAMIC SURVEYING IN A DYNAMIC WORLD</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/90599</link>
      <description><![CDATA[FOR MANY VALID REASONS, SURVEYING IN THE UNITED STATES HAS TRADITIONALLY BEEN LIMITED ALMOST ENTIRELY TO A PROJECT-BY- PROJECT PHILOSOPHY. MOST OF THE ALL TOO FEW ATTEMPTS TO ESTABLISH COMPREHENSIVE HORIZONTAL CONTROL HAVE PROVEN TO BE COSTLY FAILURES BECAUSE NO ONE USED THEM. A DYNAMIC APPROACH TO CONTROL SURVEYS, ACHIEVED BY POOLING SURVEY DATA AS RECEIVED, ON A PROGRESSIVE, PROJECT-BY-PROJECT BASIS, APPEARS TO BE THE ONLY WAY ONE CAN HOPE FOR A TRUE IMPROVEMENT IN SURVEY INFORMATION. THE IDEAS PRESENTED ARE ILLUSTRATED BY DISCUSSING WORK PERFORMED BY ROBERT R. KIM & ASSOCIATES AND GULF RESTON, INC. THE SETTING IS IN AND AROUND THE PLANNED COMMUNITY OF RESTON, VIRGINIA. THE SOLUTIONS ILLUSTRATED AND DISCUSSED WERE PERFORMED BY "LESA- A-A" (LEAST SQUARES ADJUSTMENT-AND-ANALYSIS PROGRAM). /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Apr 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/90599</guid>
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