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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Ensuring resilience and safety of the transportation system of Kyiv in planning the network of road tunnels</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2483430</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The analysis of risk mitigation in the transport infrastructure of the Kyiv city by using a system of car tunnels was conducted, their ranking and construction priorities were determined. The main considered structural and functional factors included: district type, downtown factor, population density, daily pendular movement, arterial network density, average traffic speed at peak hours, surface connectivity, surface road throughput, criticalness, vulnerability. The modified morphological method, involved in the research, took into account the military (terrorist) threats, along with the groups of ecological and technogenic risks. This approach might be useful for the development of the urban paradigm in the geopolitical frontier zones. Additionally, a morphological analysis/analytical hierarchy process hybridization was suggested that provided an alternative point of view with a slightly different ranking of tunnels compared to the basic model. For evaluation of the morphological model parameters, satellite imagery and geospatial Urban Atlas for Kyiv products were used as independent sources of geospatial data. The combination of these diverse datasets enables a deep understanding of the complex, interconnected systems within a city. By utilizing these products and the developed morphological models, the cities’ community can become safer and more resilient, driving the evidence-based transport policies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 09:36:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2483430</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Modeling of Passenger Flows in Agglomerations of Large Developing Cities (on the Example of Kyiv)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2475753</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Based on the analysis of the fundamental impact of transport infrastructure, the city and the agglomeration are increasingly interpreted as a set of historically composed residential and industrial districts formed in the areas of interchanges of different modes of transport. On the example of the City of Kyiv, the modeling of passenger flows in agglomerations of large developing cities is considered, in order to implement the provisions of a modern urban environment, based on transport analysis of the urban area, with further forecasting of passenger flows on the street-road network and choice of main types of citywide passenger transport in the city. Based on the calculation of the population and passenger formation of transport areas, a model of the city's transport infrastructure is represented, the distribution of passenger traffic by modes of transport is estimated. The results of experimental studies of the intensity of existing passenger flows and models of their definition in the agglomeration of the most valuable city are determined. And the ways to solve the problems of conflict between the city and transport are proposed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jan 2025 09:17:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2475753</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>What psychological and socio-demographic factors can influence people’s intention to use ridesharing during the war? A case study in Ukraine</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2478313</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Public transport services can be disrupted by natural or human-made crises, such as the recent war in Ukraine. Ridesharing has the potential to be used as an alternative to public transport during such crises. However, peoples’ attitudes and intentions towards ridesharing during war has not been studied. This study aims to address this critical gap by collecting and analyzing travel behavior data in two Ukrainian cities: Kyiv and Odessa. Exploratory factor analysis identified ten factors influencing ridesharing, namely: attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, ease of use, usefulness, moral norms, trust, perceived safety, emotions, and discrimination. Then, a combined conceptual model based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, and the Technology Acceptance Model was proposed, to incorporate potential psychological and socio-demographic in the context of a war situation. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the causal relationships between these factors and ridesharing. In the context of war, perceived ‘usefulness’ affected attitudes, while perceived ‘ease of use’ influenced perceived behavioral control. Moral norms strongly impacted the ridesharing intention; trust influenced attitudes; and gender played a major role by indirectly affecting ridesharing intention. This can provide transport planners and policy-makers with insights as to how ridesharing can be more attractive and become a genuine tool for enhancing human mobility resilience.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Dec 2024 09:57:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2478313</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing and Mitigating Occupational Risks for Outdoor Workers in Post-Catastrophe Urban Road Infrastructure Rebuilding</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2447098</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The reconstruction of infrastructure after extensive destruction necessitates rigorous occupational risk management for outdoor workers. This study introduces a comprehensive methodology for assessing occupational risks by considering environmental factors such as noise, temperature, and air quality, encompassing chemical pollutants and dust. The authors developed a hierarchical two-level mathematical model to systematically incorporate the effects of the predominant hazardous factors through alternative scenario analysis. The model was validated in the urban roadwork areas of Kyiv, Ukraine. The model underscored the importance of dynamic control and diligent risk management, conforming to ISO 31000:2018 standards. A critical occupational risk index of 2.36 was identified for overpass repairs during high-temperature months, indicating a need for immediate intervention. Conversely, the risk index in colder months, such as November, was 2.0, which, while acceptable, highlighted the necessity for protective measures for vulnerable groups, especially those with extensive professional experience or aged over forty (40). The findings presented advance the assessment techniques for road construction workers and establish protective protocols that are proportionated to the assessed risks. This approach ensures worker safety amidst the persistent risks associated with reconstruction activities, regardless of the initial cause of destruction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2024 10:31:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2447098</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improvement of Methodology of Calculation and Assessment of Transport and Operational Condition of Airfield Pavement (on the Example of Airport Pavements of Kyiv and Mykolaiv International Airports)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407055</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article presents the results of assessment and forecasting of transport and operational condition of airfield pavements on the example of airfield pavements of Kyiv and Mykolaiv International Airports. Domestic and foreign methods of assessment of transport and operational condition and calculation of airfield pavements have been analyzed. One of the most common methods of qualitative assessment of the transport and operational condition of airfield pavements is the method, the essence of which is to compare the classification numbers of aircraft and the bearing capacity of the pavement at the same strength of the subgrade. The results of calculation and design of airfield pavements were performed on the example of Kyiv and Mykolaiv International Airports using the FAARFIELD program. An alternative design of flexible airfield pavement of Kyiv International Airport is proposed. The engineering and geological conditions of Kyiv International Airport were analyzed in detail. Visual investigation of the surface of the pavements of all elements of the airfield of Kyiv International Airport showed that they have satisfactory transport and operational condition. The classification numbers PCN of rigid airfield pavements of Kyiv and Mykolaiv International Airports and flexible airfield pavement of Kyiv International Airport have been calculated with the help of the FAARFIELD program. PCN of the offered design of a rigid airfield pavement of the «Mykolaiv» International Airport is PCN 70/R/C/W/T. This means that the aircraft of this element of the airfield can perform take-off and landing operations without restrictions. Likewise, aircraft can perform take-off and landing operations without restrictions on rigid and flexible airfield pavements of «Kyiv» International Airport]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Nov 2024 13:08:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407055</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Modelling the Bottlenecks Interconnection on the City Street Network</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1973010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The results of a questionnaire survey of Kyiv residents regarding their traffic to work places are considered and analyzed, taking into account the administrative-territorial division of the city territory. The traffic model of Kyiv city residents between its districts has been developed, on the basis of which the model of “bottlenecks” interconnection on the city street network is proposed, which allows to identify possible alternative routes of distribution of traffic flows on the network in case of failure of some of its elements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Nov 2024 16:48:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1973010</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Choice and Reasoning of the Bus Rapid Transit Systems for City Transport</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2417283</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The presented research is focused on the design of a new driving cycle of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) for the Kyiv city. This cycle consists of a complex of two types of sections. Each of them includes various phases of the traffic. A mathematical model was specified, which serves for defining the efficiency properties indices and for regimes of bus transport. The BRT are used within the bus lines. It was found, that two articles articulated buses are the most suitable choice, the MAZ-215 among them, for exploitation. At the same time, they provide the smallest fuel consumption together with the shorter operation time on the bus line as well as higher average speed at full and half loading. The optimal driving speeds of the steady traffic are the values of 50 km/h for section up to 1 km and 60 km/h or 70 km/h for section over 1 km. It was evaluated, that depending on the steady motion speed and the load level, the driving time of the BRT on the line varies from 20.1 min to 23.4 min, which is much lower than the driving time of a trolleybus on the same line according to the traffic schedule.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Aug 2024 16:17:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2417283</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Survey of Transport Vehicle Delays at the Traffic Light Intersections of the Urban Arterial Streets</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975193</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The survey of traffic light intersections of the Kyiv street network has been analyzed. The certain regularities leading to the delays and traffic difficulties were revealed in results obtained.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Nov 2023 11:25:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975193</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Model of Transport System Optimization in Kyiv (Ukraine)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2113650</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Kyiv is a capital city of Ukraine having a developed transport infrastructure, which consists of the airports, railways, highways, waterways and bridges. In addition, Kyiv has a developed system of urban and suburban passenger transport. Subway, trams, buses, trolleybuses and other modes of transport carry thousands of passengers every day, mostly to the places of work or study from large sleeping areas on the outskirts of the city to the industrial downtown. However, unfortunately, the transport system of the city of Kyiv cannot be called ideal. Poor road conditions on most highways, underdeveloped subways and low capacity of many important roads lead to considerable congestion during rush hour. That’s why, new project for the development of transport system of Kyiv, namely the subway, highway connection to other cities of Ukraine and helping to reduce traffic by constructing the detour road for transit transport, has been proposed in the article. The main aim of the project on transport system of Kyiv optimization is to overcome the problem of overcrowded vehicles during rush hour.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Apr 2023 09:54:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2113650</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Conflict-resilience framework for critical infrastructure peacebuilding</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2102169</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Apart from security issues, war-torn societies and countries face immense challenges in rebuilding damaged critical infrastructure. Existing post-conflict recovery frameworks mainly focus on social impacts and mitigation. Also, existing frameworks for resilience to natural hazards are mainly based on design and intervention, yet, they are not fit for post-conflict infrastructure recovery for a number of reasons explained in this paper. Post-conflict peacebuilding can be enhanced when resilience by assessment (RBA) is employed, using standoff observations that include data from disparate remote-sensing sources, e.g. public satellite imagery, forensics and crowdsourcing, collected during the conflict. This paper discusses why conflicts and warfare require a new framework for achieving post-conflict infrastructure resilience. It then introduces a novel post-conflict framework that includes different scales of resilience with a focus on asset and regional resilience. It considers different levels of knowledge, with a focus on standoff observations and data-driven assessments to facilitate prioritisation during reconstruction. The framework is then applied to the transport network of the area west of Kyiv, Ukraine to demonstrate how resilience by assessment can support decision-makers, such as governments and multilateral financial institutions, to address infrastructure needs and accelerate financial and humanitarian assistance, absorb shocks and maximise infrastructure recovery after conflict.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Feb 2023 09:33:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2102169</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Issues of the organization of systems of pedestrian zones in the historical center of Kyiv</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1993579</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article substantiates the need to complete the formation of an integrated network of pedestrian spaces in the historic center of Kiev. The author proposes a method of spatial analysis to assess the state of public spaces in the city. It is noted that the existing transport infrastructure of the city does not provide for the formation of new pedestrian zones. The author analyzes the central squares of Kyiv: Independence Square, Troitska, Tolstoy Square, European, Sofia, Mikhailovska, Lvivska, Peremogy Square in terms of ease of pedestrian traffic and the availability of public spaces. Means of formation of a network of pedestrian public spaces and offers on design of separate fragments of the city are offered.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jul 2022 16:57:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1993579</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Surveying of Traffic Congestions on Arterial Roads of Kyiv City</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1466954</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It's represented the result of survey performed by department of airports and highways reconstruction of National Aviation University. The traffic congestions on arterial roads of Kyiv was analyzed on the base of the survey performed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 26 May 2017 11:31:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1466954</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Improvement in Ant Algorithm Method for Optimizing a Transport Route with Regard to Traffic Flow</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1467007</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The modification of ant algorithm method for optimizing the transportation route with regard to traffic flow in the street network has been developed in this paper. It was also made possible to confirm the results of optimization of partly covered distance for calculating a further route when changing the length of links while ant agents traveling on the links of a two-way graph. Besides, the procedure of ant agents’ traffic in the graph was improved so that ant agents can travel both synchronously and asynchronously. The proposed modification of ant algorithm for optimizing the goods delivery route when changing the speed of traffic flow in specific sections of the street network has been approbated, using the example of Kyiv's specific street network within traveling salesman problem. The authors conducted the quantitative and comparative analysis of solving the problem of optimization of the goods delivery route in the street network, applying ant algorithm method and the respective findings of other existing classical methods. The obtained results of the study show the prospects of applying the proposed modification of ant algorithm for solving routing problems, particularly for transport networks which are characterized by high dimensionality and dynamism of functional parameters.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 26 May 2017 11:30:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1467007</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Technical Assistance for Parking Management Initiative in Kyiv</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1401282</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Compared to other major European cities, Kyiv has a lower rate of car ownership yet the city's public spaces are oversaturated with parked cars. A team of consultants analyzed and assessed Kyiv's parking situation over a four month period from July until October 2015. This report summarizes their findings. It includes a history of parking charges/fees and enforcement; present day on-site observations including compliance rate; and a review of the municipal operator KyivTransParkServis (KTPS). Short term (2016), medium term (2018), and long term (2025) legal and policy recommendations are provided to improve the parking situation. Appendices include notes from a roundtable discussion with local stakeholders, survey results, and case studies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Jul 2016 09:52:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1401282</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Flexible Approach to Effective and Efficient Manpower Planning for Ukraine International Airlines at Main Station Boryspil International Airport</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1342855</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Development of a flexible model for strategic manpower planning plays a crucial role in effective and efficient functioning of every successful airline. The paper describes application of this model at Ukraine International Airlines for their major maintenance station at Boryspil airport in Kyiv, Ukraine. The model could be used as a tool to support management of the Pre-Flight Check maintenance department. It would solve capacity planning issues related to manpower scheduling and requirement.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2015 09:54:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1342855</guid>
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