https://trid.trb.org/ en-us Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod) tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod) https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg https://trid.trb.org/ https://trid.trb.org/View/2644027 Fri, 20 Mar 2026 14:47:18 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2644027 https://trid.trb.org/View/2614877  0.5. When the submarine operates with its sail partially exposed, the pressure resistance increases by 205 %, accompanied by a distinct local pressure peak on the upper surface of the sail. Velocity field analyses revealed significant fluid dispersion toward the free surface, resulting in pronounced wave generation and a characteristic V-shaped wake pattern. Furthermore, the vortex dynamics above the sail and rudder exhibited enhanced intensity and diffusion, with the vortex structures adopting a V-shaped spatial distribution. Moreover, with a decrease in submergence depth, the rotational effect of the flow weakened near the bow and intensified near the stern on the upper surface of the submarine. These findings provide key insights for near-surface submarine maneuverability.]]> Fri, 05 Dec 2025 14:08:31 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2614877 https://trid.trb.org/View/2597403 Wed, 24 Sep 2025 15:31:05 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2597403 https://trid.trb.org/View/2447493 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 14:21:29 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2447493 https://trid.trb.org/View/2375618 Mon, 01 Jul 2024 07:21:12 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2375618 https://trid.trb.org/View/2274344 Tue, 28 Nov 2023 10:27:51 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2274344 https://trid.trb.org/View/2014685 Wed, 30 Nov 2022 10:59:53 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/2014685 https://trid.trb.org/View/1853054 Thu, 27 May 2021 17:13:49 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1853054 https://trid.trb.org/View/1724797 Thu, 27 Aug 2020 10:05:45 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1724797 https://trid.trb.org/View/1719165 Thu, 23 Jul 2020 16:10:42 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1719165 https://trid.trb.org/View/1706866 calcined bauxite > granite. Based on the results of the gray correlation analysis, it can be concluded that the intermolecular interactions between asphalt and aggregate play a major role in adhesion. The interlocking caused by surface texture also affects adhesion to some extent. The larger work of adhesion and the more complex surface texture of calcined bauxite with higher alumina content are the main reasons for its higher adhesion. Calcined bauxite with low alumina content should be treated to enhance adhesion before it is used in asphalt mixtures for wearing courses.]]> Tue, 26 May 2020 10:16:16 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1706866 https://trid.trb.org/View/1682895 Wed, 22 Apr 2020 12:27:49 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1682895 https://trid.trb.org/View/1693836 Wed, 22 Apr 2020 12:27:47 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1693836 https://trid.trb.org/View/1675687 0.2, where , U is ship speed, g is the gravitational acceleration, and L is the ship length), especially when the lateral separation between ships is the order of ship length. Here, the far-field effects arising from ship waves can be important. The hydrodynamic interaction model must take into account the surface-wave effects. Classical potential-flow formulation is only able to deal with the boundary value problem when there is only one speed involved in the free-surface boundary condition. For multiple ships traveling with different speeds, it is not possible to express the free-surface boundary condition by a single velocity potential. Instead, a superposition method can be applied to account for the velocity field induced by each vessel with its own and unique speed. The main objective of the present article is to propose a rational superposition method to handle the unsteady free-surface boundary condition containing two or more speed terms, and validate its feasibility in predicting the hydrodynamic behavior in ship encountering. The methodology used in the present article is a three-dimensional boundary-element method based on a Rankine-type (infinite-space) source function, initially introduced by Bai and Yeung. The numerical simulations are conducted by using an in-house‐developed multibody hydrodynamic interaction program “MHydro.” Waves generated and forces (or moments) are calculated when ships are encountering or passing each other. Published model-test results are used to validate the authors' calculations, and very good agreement has been observed. The numerical results show that free-surface effects need to be taken into account for F n > 0.2.]]> Mon, 23 Mar 2020 12:03:38 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1675687 https://trid.trb.org/View/1686293 Fri, 28 Feb 2020 10:10:36 GMT https://trid.trb.org/View/1686293