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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>A semi-coupled methodology for the motion analysis of floating production systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1592925</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This work describes a hybrid, semi-coupled methodology for motion analyses of Floating Production Systems, combining coupled and uncoupled models. The goal is to overcome the high computational costs associated with fully coupled analyses, allowing its use in preliminary design stages where the focus is on the main parameters associated with the design of the mooring system (hull motions and line tensions). Its main characteristic is the ability, with minimal user interference, to represent all nonlinear effects associated to the mooring lines and risers, and consider their influence on the dynamic behaviour of the hull. Results of a case study indicate that this methodology presents an adequate accuracy, with striking reductions of computational costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 2019 09:21:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1592925</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Optimization design on the riser system of next generation subsea production system with the assistance of DOE and surrogate model techniques</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1589289</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Next Generation Subsea Production System (NextGen SPS) is a new concept for petroleum development in ultra-deep water (UDW) areas. It can improve the structural performance of riser as well as provide several operational benefits to subsurface well completion (SWC) equipment. The design of NextGen SPS’s riser system which includes rigid riser and flexible jumper—like the free standing hybrid riser (FSHR), is a very important issue for the definition of NextGen SPS. This paper details an optimization design on the NextGen SPS’s riser system, with the assistance of the design of experiments (DOE) and surrogate model techniques. The optimization model pertaining to riser system is formulated firstly. The DOE is a statistical technique that guides a sensitive study on the behavior of the riser system before the optimization analysis. Structural responses are obtained by the fully coupled methodology. Through such a preliminary study, the effective contribution of each design variable at the riser performance will be known and some general conclusive remarks will be obtained. Based on the DOE results, design variables are screened to improve the efficiency of optimization process. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is employed to conduct the optimization analysis. In this analysis, surrogate models, which are developed by back propagation neural network (BPNN), replace the time consuming dynamic analysis to predict structural responses. Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method is adopted to generate training sample and testing sample for the BPNN. NextGen SPS that operates at a depth of 3000 m is used as the case for this investigation. The efficiency of optimization design is improved by DOE and surrogate techniques, and a reduction of approximately 46% for the riser system cost is achieved. The obtained conclusions have applicability in reference to the engineering design of FSHR and the study procedure will provide reference for study on other new structure concept.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 2019 09:57:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1589289</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>An integrated optimization model for the layout design of a subsea production system</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1516064</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A properly arranged subsea production system reduces costs and contributes to production performance due to favorable hydraulic characteristics and flow assurance. Therefore, the layout design of subsea production systems is very important in offshore field development. The design of these systems mainly includes locating the subsea facilities, determining the subsea topology and identifying the pipe route. Each of these three aspects have been studied, for instance, optimization of the pipe network or identification of the optimal single pipe route. However, the combination of these three aspects has not yet been discussed in detail. This paper presents an integrated optimization model for the layout design of a wellhead-manifold-FPSO system, with the aim of obtaining a minimum total pipe length. There are two key details of this model that distinguish it from other models. The first detail is that the seabed topography and obstacles are taken into consideration. The second detail is that all three abovementioned aspects are considered together in the model to determine the optimal number of manifolds, manifold and riser base positions, pipe network topology and pipe routes. The simulated annealing and Dijkstra algorithms are coupled to solve the model by using a newly proposed process. The application of this method is demonstrated by designing the layout of an oil field with 22 wellheads and one FPSO. The results are compared with the situation that neglects the seabed topography, showing a difference in suggested pipe length. In addition, the pipe route effect on both hydraulic and flow assurance is briefly discussed. The model provides a method to link related issues of interest to the layout design, resulting in a practical subsea layout that can be used to more reliably estimate costs, more accurately describe multiphase flow and help in decision-making for flow assurance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jun 2018 10:33:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1516064</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Production ship resistance to iceberg impact study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1330656</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The floating production unit (FPU) moored by a mooring system (MS) equipped by a rotating turret, seems to be the most acceptable in more than 300 m depth of the Barents Sea of extremely severe combinations of environmental conditions. All environmental loads are to be kept by the FPU MS - anchor station-keeping system; also flexible riser system safety should be provided. But it is well known, that floating moored platforms equipped by semi taut anchor lines poorly resist actions of drifting ice floes and, moreover, iceberg influence. Usually, an impact of an iceberg or a floating “stamukcha” (i.e. iceberg of salt ice) upon a floating facility is assumed to be irresistible. In such a case accident preventive measures should be undertaken. These measures imply: (1) relegation of the iceberg by tow vessels; (2) the FPU retreat by its own propulsive thrusters or tugs after emergency disconnection of the mooring/riser systems from the turret. The disconnection procedures are complicated and dangerous and may be too late. Also a failure of the emergency disconnection system (EDS) may arise. In this case an iceberg impact is inevitable and its effects should be examined. As a the first approximation it may be proposed that the energy of iceberg impact may be compensated by absorption of its kinetic energy by the MS and FPU displacement with thrusters assistance. Also, the energy absorption by the FPU rotation around the turret due to eccentric contact impact should help an iceberg stop. This paper demonstrates, that in the accident when the mooring lines disconnection has not been performed in a timely manner, the iceberg/stamukcha with a limited weight (energy) may be stopped by the MS without essential damage of the facility.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2014 15:51:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1330656</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REPORT OF SPECIALIST COMMITTEE V.5: FLOATING PRODUCTION SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/699432</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report provides a brief overview of the Floating Production System (FPS) concept for those new to the subject, together with a review for those more familiar with such systems. It then describes the FPS global system lifecycle from project conception through to decommissioning. Modern day technical uncertainties associated with FPS schemes are documented, and results of recent investigations associated with the vessel hull and seabed connections are presented. The conclusions and recommendations provided herein aim to point the way forward for future work.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Mar 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/699432</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/479738</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As the offshore industry looks to deeper waters, a number of companies have been examining how the tension leg platform may progress to fulfil possible development roles at a price that can match the cost of a catenary moored floating production system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/479738</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HYDRODYNAMIC DAMPING CONTRIBUTIONS FOR AN ADVANCED FLOATING PRODUCTION SYSTEM DESIGN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/480301</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Catenary moored floating vessels used for hydrocarbon production and storage exhibit low frequency, large amplitude resonant motions predominantly in the surge direction.  These motions are caused by slow drift forces resulting primarily from random wave action.  Accurate predictions of the damping forces are required in order to design fit for purpose moorings.  This paper considers the contribution caused by hydrodynamic damping on an innovative floating production system design that is actively being evaluated by the offshore industry.  The design consists of a relatively shallow draught surface piercing monohull attached by short rectangular connectors to a fully submerged lower hull positioned below the water surface.  Theoretical methods are developed to predict a lower bound on the hydrodynamic damping contributions caused by fluid interaction with the connectors.  The lower bound prediction is of relevance because it provides an upper bound estimate on the loads.  Comparisons with experimental data are provided for model tests performed on a typical vessel and a deep draught monohull design without connectors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/480301</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE PETROBRAS XVIII PROJECT THE DEEPEST 100,000 BOPD FLOATING PRODUCTION UNIT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/479493</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a companies experience in the management of a "turn key" contract covering the design procurement, construction, commissioning, testing, pre-operation and start-up of a floating production unit.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/479493</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ARTICULATED STABLE OFFSHORE PLATFORMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/479503</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article describes articulated stable offshore platforms (ASOP),a vessel concept that can provide a very stable floating platform at sea.  The concept lends itself to two distinct types of offshore platforms: 1) a system that can produce, store, and offload oil (FPSO) and 2) a mobile system that can be self-propelled and provide a stable platform for uses such as a floating production system (FPS) and/or any other commercial or military need that requires a very stable deck.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/479503</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FLOATING PRODUCTION SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/479495</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper reviews the different types of floating productions systems available to the petroleum industry and addresses why these platforms presently represent attractive candidates for future worldwide offshore field developments.  Attention is focused on tension leg platforms monohull production vessels and semi- submersible production platforms.  The potential of new concepts such as the Spar platform are mentioned.  Also, the paper focuses on important design features and engineering challenges for the various platform types.  In order to highlight the global design aspects, both topside facilities and support structures as well as mooring systems, risers, subsea facilities and motion behaviour are addressed.  References to recent designs are made to illustrate the present state-of-the-art technology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/479495</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NEW ELEMENTS IN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND OPERATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/479494</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper focuses on mobile production systems and in particular floating, production, storage and offloading units (FPSOs), for which there is a remarkable increase in interest, particularly in the North Sea area.  The upturn in interest for FPSOs introduces new ways of thinking and acting.  In this paper, the new elements are divided into the general trends; new commercial elements; and new technological elements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/479494</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ADVANCED MOORING METHOD FOR INSTALLATION OF ENSERCH GARDEN BANKS 388 FPF MOORING LEGS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/467233</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In Autumn 1994, the 12 mooring legs were installed for Enserch Exploration's floating production facility in Garden Banks Block 388 in the Gulf of Mexico with the SSCV Balder.  The installation of the catenary mooring system, each leg comprising several varying sections of spiral strand wire and chain, required sufficient handling and manoeuvrability power of the vessel, while enough holding capacity and stiffness of the system had to be provided.  The most important aspects of the actual installation of the mooring legs are explained, for example, the use of a purpose built tipping winch.  The method selected for station-keeping the Balder was to use a minimum number of anchor lines in combination with a tug, in order to maintain position and at the same time have an easy and controlled method of manoeuvring to a new position.  The method of station-keeping the SSCV in this way is part of a development towards full position control with a spread of tugs.  In this paper the station-keeping system is described and the offshore experiences with the system are discussed.  Some future developments with respect to tug-assisted station-keeping systems are highlighted.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Nov 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/467233</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND FABRICATION METHODS FOR A MULTI-HULL FLOATING PRODUCTION UNIT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/467182</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A methodology is developed for the preliminary structural design of tandem hull floating production systems.  These systems are actively being considered by operators as an alternative to more traditional vessels because of their low fabrication cost and reduced motions in waves.  The structural design methodology differs from the conventional monohull hull girder approach for preliminary design in that it adopts an inter-linked double girder model.  The model is presented in this paper and is utilised to provide the structural response of a tandem hull vessel responding in head seas.  In addition, vessel fabrication methods are discussed and the importance of assessing the limit state behaviour of the inter-hull connectors and their influence on the overall hull design is briefly presented using results from the non-linear structural analysis methods.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Nov 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/467182</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF MOORED FLOATING PLATFORMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/467524</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Single point moored floating production platforms provide an economically viable option for deep water marginal field oil and gas production.  In the design of such systems, non-linear time domain analysis tools are required to predict the wave and low frequency motions and the mooring forces due to non-collinear wave, wind and current load actions.  The authors of this paper have developed and validated with experimental measurements non-linear analysis tools to predict the dynamic motion response and mooring forces of a CALM system due to non-collinear environmental forces. In the first part of the paper a brief summary of the non-linear analysis procedure developed by the authors is given, together with some results obtained from predictions and experimental measurements. In the second part of the paper the results of parametric studies investigating the effects of variations in wave, wind and current magnitude and direction, wave and wind spectral shapes, the number of mooring lines, hawser length and stiffness, buoy size and thruster capacity on the steady and slowly varying oscillations of the CALM system and on mooring and hawser forces are illustrated.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Nov 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/467524</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE NEW AKER P-45</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/467389</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper describes a new floating production unit, the Aker P- 45 developed by Aker Engineering a/s in Norway.  The unit is a two- pontoon semisubmersible with both drilling and production facilities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Nov 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/467389</guid>
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