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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Data-driven supply chain capabilities and performance: A resource-based view</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513899</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Despite the importance and relevance of data-driven supply chains, there has been very limited empirical research that investigates how big data-driven supply chains affect supply chain capabilities. Drawing on the resource-based view, this study explores the effect of data-driven supply chain capabilities on financial performance. The data for this study were gathered from China’s manufacturing industry and analysed using structural equation modelling. The results indicate that a data-driven supply chain has a significant positive effect on the four dimensions of supply chain capabilities. Coordination and supply chain responsiveness are positively and significantly related to financial performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2018 16:42:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513899</guid>
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      <title>A Four-Step Process to Assess the Fiscal Performance and Sufficiency of State Road Funds</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1454004</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Aging transportation infrastructure and diminishing financial resources are challenging the management of state transportation systems. Policy makers and administrators are seeking fiscal performance measurement tools to better monitor and manage infrastructure. This article discusses and applies a four-step process to examine past revenue and expenditure trends to determine transportation expenditure sufficiency for state road funds, using the Kentucky Road Fund as a template. A comprehensive approach to this issue is utilized by demonstrating several possible measures of sufficiency and then presenting some future scenarios. Expenditures across various facets of the transportation system are then analyzed with a number of performance metrics as well as construction cost measures to estimate sufficiency. Finally, short-term forecasts of several revenue scenarios are presented to provide context for possible future funding levels under the current revenue regime. The Kentucky case study provides a template to analyze state road funds and potentially draw conclusions as to the continued solvency and state of transportation infrastructure. As policy makers better understand the sufficiency of road fund resources to meet transportation priorities, they will better understand the costs of meeting future transportation needs and the opportunity costs of diverting transportation resources to other policy priorities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Feb 2017 09:27:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1454004</guid>
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      <title>An analysis of Delta Air Lines' oil refinery acquisition</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1425912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Delta Air Lines acquired an oil refinery in April 2012 as a strategic move to hedge against higher fuel prices. The authors' paper analyzes the impact of the oil refinery acquisition, a backward integration strategy, on the airline's financial and operational performance, for the period Q1 2010 to Q2 2015, and the authors argue that the resource dependence theory best explains Delta Air Lines’ acquisition. The methodology involves descriptive statistics and short-term stock performance as well as an econometric model that estimates the impact of the oil refinery acquisition on Delta Air Lines' net income using quarterly financial and airline operating metrics data. The results indicate that it is too early to ascertain whether Delta Air Lines' oil refinery acquisition has any positive impact on its financial performance since the variable of interest is insignificant in predicting the airline's net income. Despite the apparent lack of positive impact of its oil refinery acquisition, however, the stock market has rewarded Delta Air Lines' strategy resulting in its share prices outperforming the S&P 500 and the XAL, an index of major airline stocks, in the 60-trading day period following the announcement of its acquisition.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Oct 2016 16:32:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1425912</guid>
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      <title>The impact of capacity on firm performance: a study of the liner shipping industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1097339</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In liner shipping operations, shipping capacity and firm performance are associated closely. This study aims to evaluate the effect of scale operations by conducting a data envelopment analysis (DEA) using empirical data. The DEA model of this study consists of two input variables (i.e., shipping capacity and operating cost) and two output variables (profit and revenue). Based on the empirical data collected in 2008, K Line and RCL are found to be efficient firms in the liner shipping industry. The results suggest that non-mega operators, with market shares of 5% or below, can operate their firms efficiently.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Mar 2011 13:45:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1097339</guid>
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      <title>Environmental and financial sustainability of air transport: Are they incompatible?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1086307</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Many would consider that the current reliance on air transport is environmentally unsustainable, especially given its impacts on climate change and its use of non-renewable resources. In addition, financial sustainability is often seen as inconsistent with environmental sustainability. The conclusions here are otherwise. Air transport does contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, but the climate change problem is a general one, and while addressing it has a cost, this cost is minimised when air transport is required to bear the environmental costs that it imposes. The reliance on non-renewable resources does give rise to a sustainability problem. There is not likely to be a problem of lack of financial sustainability of the industry, though addressing environmental objective will lead to a reduction in performance in the short run. Both environmental and financial sustainability of air transport can be achieved, as long as efficient policies are adopted.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Jan 2011 09:41:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1086307</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>The partially private UK system for air traffic control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/905385</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper reviews the publicly stated motives for establishing the United Kingdom system for air traffic control as a public-private partnership (PPP) in 2001, and the significance of this public-private partnership as an example for the reform of other systems. It examines the performance of the PPP up to the present time in terms of safety, delays due to air traffic control, efficiency and financial performance. It attempts to relate actual performance to what would have occurred under alternative arrangements. It concludes that there is no demonstrable change due to the PPP other than the financial result. It argues that the financial expectations of advocates of the PPP have not been fulfilled.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 08:59:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/905385</guid>
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      <title>Sergio De Luca Signals a Bright Future</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/891737</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Sergio De Luca is chief executive officer of Italy's Ansaldo STS. Ansaldo STS concentrates solely on signaling equipment, the only major supplier to do so. Ansaldo STS is considered a leader in European Train Control System Level 2. The company has ambitious plans for market outperformance. De Luca is confident about Ansaldo STS's future despite the economic downturn due to its worldwide presence, product portfolio, and strong growth. The author outlines past, present, and future plans for success. Inserts provide information on Ansaldo STS's financial performance, as well as Sergio De Luca's professional experience and education.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2009 13:48:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/891737</guid>
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      <title>Mellier Leads Alstom's R&amp;D Drive</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/894569</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The views of Alstom Transport President Philippe Mellier on how Alstom's strong performance is being sustained during the economic crisis are presented. Discussion includes research and development in signaling, turnkey projects, and infrastructure in a number of markets around the world, including urban trams, subways, intercity trains, and high-speed trains. An insert compares Alstom Transport's financial performance for 2007-2008 and 2008-2009.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2009 13:48:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/894569</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Delivering Goods in Urban Areas: How to Deal with Urban Policy Restrictions and the Environment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/891010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Urban social sustainability improvement is being achieved, especially in western Europe, through the use of time-access regulations and vehicle restrictions. The environmental burden and retail chain organization distribution process are considerably affected by these regulations. The impacts of different retailers' logistical concepts, vehicle restrictions, and governmental time windows on retail financial and environmental performance are studied in this paper. The authors present a case study in which two cases differ in drop size input for an experiment. All distribution process organizational flow and cost data between retail distribution centers and stores are provided by retailers. The authors use these data for impact calculation for different scenarios on retailers' financial and environmental performances using vehicle routing software and based on fractional factorial design with varying urban policies and retailers' logistical concepts. The propositions are tested by the authors with a third case. The authors show that the time window cost impact is largest for retailers combining many deliveries into one vehicle round-trip. For retailers whose round-trip lengths are restricted by vehicle capacity, the vehicle restriction cost increase is largest. A retailer's cost is not increased by vehicle restrictions and time windows acting together rather than individually. Delivery volume and store dispersion variations hardly influence the retailer's logistical concept decisions and urban policy impact.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2009 08:32:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/891010</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>IR Performance Reaches New Heights</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/887886</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During the last five years, there has been a huge transformation in how Indian Railways (IR) has performed. Investment for 2003-2004 was Rs 133.9 billion. In 2008-2009, investment will be Rs 367.7 billion. Increased investment and continued growth are forecast. Railway Minister Lalu Prasad Yadav credits this to a paradigm shift in IR's thinking and strategy, especially in regard to customer focus and the ability to look outward. Freight and electrification are among topics discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2009 11:34:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/887886</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Measures and Methods to Prepare Your Airport for Pending Disruption</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/884189</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author argues that a comprehensive approach incorporating "leading indicators" (through which the direction of future events or activity levels may be foreshadowed) should be assumed by airports in developing performance measurement systems. These will assist in preparing airports for downturns and adverse consequences that may result in harmful ramifications for both airport and customer. The author discusses how airports should be able to optimize financial performance and efficiency by making ongoing adjustments to their business models and how more proactive management is promoted by this approach. Over the past few years, many airports have developed performance measurement systems, but their focus has typically been on historical data capture. While useful for strategic adjustments, the snapshot approach historical reviews take do not on their own give managers enough flexibility to keep pace with the aviation industry's rapid changes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2009 08:05:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/884189</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Structure, conduct and performance on the major liner shipping routes [1]</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/836188</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Market concentration on the major container shipping routes has the potential to reduce contestability, impede effective competition and, as a consequence, inhibit the positive relationship between trade and economic growth. This development could also hamper the ability of economic regions to realize their respective competitive and comparative advantages. Within this context, the structure-conduct-performance (SCP) framework is used to analyse liner shipping dynamics in the transpacific, Europe–Far East and transatlantic trade routes. The analysis finds no conclusive evidence that either the increased concentration of slot capacity or the attempts by shipping lines to boost potential slot capacity (mainly through collaborative arrangements) lead to improved financial performance. The paper concludes that, despite high and increasing concentration among carriers on each of the trade routes analysed, these markets remain contestable.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Sep 2007 08:01:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/836188</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Mellier Causes a Stir in Helsinki</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/813411</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author discusses Alstom Transport's claim, at the UITP Congress held in May in Helsinki, that of the three large railway suppliers, it was most profitable, and outranked Bombardier Transportation. Bombardier responded with figures indicating it was still the profitability leader. Figures provided by Siemens Transportation Systems (TS) indicate that it ranks number two in terms of profitability. All three show dramatic financial performance improvement. Financial concerns, both past and future, are discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2007 07:30:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/813411</guid>
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      <title>Financial performance, ISO 9000 standard and safe driving practices effects on accident rate in the U.S. motor carrier industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/811549</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The question this research address is if voluntary certification with ISO 9000 standards can reduce the number of accidents large trucks have. Certification might have a positive effect depending upon the actions a company takes as a result of being certified, for instance, a company may change driver training and maintenance and how it carries out corrective action. We identified 40 ISO 9002: 1994 certified U.S. trucking companies and compared their safety performance before and after ISO certification. We also compared them to a group of motor carriers that had similar characteristics but were not certified. The safety performance of the certified carriers was significantly better after certification than before, and it also was significantly better than that of non-certified carriers, findings that we believe can be useful to carriers, shippers and regulators who wish to better understand the value of certification.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Jul 2007 09:53:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/811549</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Use of Public Input to Develop Measures of Effectiveness</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/803634</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is no longer the job of the planner just to get input from the public on their reactions to work done by technical staffs. Instead the public must be involved at the earliest stages of a project or study and the involvement must be meaningful. This paper describes how an extensive list of questions was developed and presented to members of the public to get their input into the development of measures of effectiveness for use on four planning studies conducted in rural and small communities. The list of questions was originally developed from a longer list of MOEs used in urban planning studies and was reduced in size to leave only those MOEs that were applicable to rural and small communities. The MOEs are classified into five categories, transportation performance, financial/economic performance, social impacts, land use/economic development impacts, and environmental impacts. The paper will describe how the list of questions was modified during subsequent applications, how input from the public was merged with input from public officials, and how the MOEs were used in distinctly different studies. Those studies include a corridor study on an Interstate, a national pilot project for merging NEPA and planning, a feasibility study, and a regional plan update. The use of this method of developing MOEs will be compared with other methods. Those filling out the questionnaire included local and state elected officials. Many people expressed appreciation for being asked what their 'values' were at the beginning of the studies. The reader of this paper will benefit by learning of what kinds of MOEs are appropriate for studies in rural and small urban communities, how public input can be collected at an early stage in the study to help develop study criteria, and how this information can be applied in a variety of situations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Mar 2007 07:02:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/803634</guid>
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