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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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      <title>Needed but Not There: Firm Location, Corporate Site Visits, Transportation, and Stock Price Crash Risk</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2659428</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study examines the intertwined relationship of firm location, corporate site visits, transportation, and their impact on stock price crash risk. We first document that firms located further away from financial centers are associated with higher stock price crash risk, but they also have fewer corporate site visits by institutional investors. However, stock price crash risk of these distant firms is particularly mitigated by more corporate site visits. We next utilize the rapid expansion of high-speed rail connections in China as a series of exogenous shocks in a staggered difference-in-differences research design. We find that the openings of high-speed rail stations are followed by increased site visits and reduced stock price crash risk for firms in the newly connected cities. Overall, our findings highlight that transportation infrastructure mitigates stock price crash risk by facilitating institutional site visits to geographically distant firms.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 16:38:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2659428</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Analytics-driven cost recovery modeling for demand responsive transport: Integrating demand patterns and operational performance data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663801</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper explores the financial sustainability of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) using empirical operations data from Dubai's Bus on Demand (DBOD) system. A regression-based methodological framework was developed to predict the Cost Recovery Ratio (CRR) – a key measure of operational viability - by determining and measuring the influence of core Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) including vehicle utilization, fleet size, circuity factor, completed ride percentage and vehicle miles travelled. The study employs a multi-stage statistical approach comprising bivariate correlation and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) analysis to address multicollinearity and ensure robust variable selection. Five regression models (linear, interaction-based, log-linear, hybrid, and log-linear with interaction terms) were evaluated using R², Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) as performance metrics. The log-linear model (Model 3) emerged as the most robust and comprehensible, effectively capturing non-linear relationships while avoiding overfitting. Sensitivity analysis revealed that vehicle utilization and fleet size demonstrated uniform positive impact on CRR, whereas vehicle miles showed a strong negative correlation. The research contributes a user-friendly analytical decision-support tool for mobility operators, enabling evidence-based resource allocation and service optimization without requiring advanced analytical tools or expert intervention. By integrating academic rigor with practical operational applicability, this study demonstrates how simplified statistical modeling can enhance cost effectiveness and inform KPI based performance planning in shared mobility systems, particularly in low-density service areas or first-and-last mile scenarios.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 16:34:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663801</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Highway to sell: How to renew concessions if you want it</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2657980</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Motivated by the forthcoming terminations of most highways concessions in France, we propose a versatile model of dynamic regulation and contract renewals that describes a long-term relationship between the public authority and an incumbent operator with private information about its costs that may face potential entrants. We discuss various issues including the nature of discriminatory biases towards entrants, their consequences on investments, the public or private nature of the management of concessions, the role of the operator’s financial constraints, the consequences of allotments. So doing, we isolate a few principles that should guide policy-makers when deciding upon concession renewals.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 09:10:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2657980</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sustainable airport development: a financial modelling and simulation approach for scenario-based decision making</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2682066</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The green transformation of the aviation sector requires significant investments from airports into new infrastructure or changes in energy supply facilities (e.g. hydrogen infrastructure). Understanding the economic implications of these investments across different airport sizes and market conditions is critical for airport operators and other stakeholders such as airlines, regulators, and public entities. However, existing financial reporting standards do not provide sufficient guidance for airports undergoing the sustainability transition. Previous studies predominantly focus either on evaluating environmental sustainability aspects or on the assessment of investment decisions, but rarely integrate both perspectives. This study addresses this gap by developing an adaptable financial modelling framework that assesses the impact of sustainability investments of airports. It focuses on the economic implications and includes emission calculations (within a linked extension of the model) to examine the interdependencies between economic and environmental sustainability. The simulation-based approach enables the consideration of various developments and existing uncertainties, thereby providing the structure for an analysis that demonstrates the impact of these investments. The implementation of the framework is demonstrated by providing examples of potential scenario analyses. Financial statements and key performance indicators (KPIs) are derived and analysed to assess the model’s applicability. The results aim to support airport operators in making informed investment decisions that balance financial viability with sustainability goals.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:01:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2682066</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Green supply chain finance model in logistics and transportation industry: improving from policies and regulation and financial digitalisation practices</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2646987</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study contributes to the green supply chain finance model to facilitate the alignment between financial prosperity and the green transition in the logistics and transportation industry in Vietnam. Green supply chain finance has received increasing attention of stricter environmental regulations and increases consumer demand in industries involved. This complex issue requires ongoing attention and resolution in the industry. This study aims to construct a green supply chain finance model and identify the attributes. This study employs a hybrid fuzzy Delphi and fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory. The model is shown to be robust according to sensitivity analysis. The results show that the validated model is built by 13 criteria within five aspects. The aspects are policies, regulations, financial digitalisation approaches, and collaborative financing decision-making. The practical causal criteria include (1) shared profit maximisation, (2) government rewards, (3) sustainability agreements and to provide guidelines for the practices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:01:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2646987</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sustainability and financial performance: How efficiency mediates the ESG-financial performance relationship in the Airline industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2659381</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The growing emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance has raised critical questions about its integration into business strategy and its implications for firm performance. Despite the increasing prevalence of ESG metrics in corporate reporting, empirical evidence linking ESG adoption to strategic value remains limited. This study investigates whether and how ESG performance enhances business operational and financial performance in the U.S. airline industry. Leveraging panel data from major U.S. airlines between 2006 and 2022, we employ Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and fixed-effects panel regression to assess the relationship between ESG performance, operational efficiency, and financial performance. Our findings reveal that improvements in ESG performance lead to higher efficiency and better financial results, with efficiency playing a mediating role. Additionally, among the ESG dimensions, enhancements in environmental and governance practices exert a stronger influence on efficiency than social initiatives. This research highlights the strategic importance of ESG integration, offering actionable insights for managers and policymakers aiming to foster long-term value through sustainable business practices. By bridging the gap between ESG performance and business outcome, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how sustainability can be leveraged as a source of competitive advantage.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 08:28:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2659381</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Airport Financial Reporting: FAA Should Implement Controls to Improve Data Quality</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2692317</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Each year, approximately 500 commercial service airports must submit their financial data to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), within the Department of Transportation. These reporting requirements were enacted in 1994 to enable FAA to evaluate airports’ compliance with revenue-use requirements and inform the public on how airports collect and spend funds, according to FAA. These airports are generally publicly owned and rely on a mix of revenue sources, such as airline payments, parking revenue, and federal grants. The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 includes a provision for the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) to review airport financial reporting. This report examines (1) how FAA and stakeholders have used Certification Activity Tracking System (CATS) data; (2) the extent to which CATS data are complete, timely, and accurate; and (3) the extent to which FAA has taken actions to improve CATS data quality and communicated any data limitations to users. GAO reviewed CATS data for fiscal years 2019 through 2023; FAA guidance; and publications that cited CATS, identified through a literature search. GAO interviewed officials from FAA headquarters and nine regions; 12 industry stakeholders and researchers; and officials from 10 airports, selected at random but to reflect a range of sizes and regions. GAO also compared CATS data quality policies with federal data standards.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 09:22:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2692317</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Techno-Economic Evaluation of Electrified Vehicle Options in Drayage Fleets</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2692149</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The electrification of drayage fleets offers potential economic and operational benefits, but the financial viability of electrified vehicles remains sensitive to battery cost, energy price, and fleet usage patterns. While total cost of ownership (TCO) is a useful benchmark, fleet operators and investors are equally concerned with investment performance metrics such as payback period (PB) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), which better reflect financial risks and investment return timelines. This study develops a unified techno-economic framework that jointly evaluates TCO, PB, and IRR to determine when electrified trucks become cost-effective alternatives to diesel trucks. Building on a previously developed cost modeling tool and using real-world telematics data from a Class 8 drayage fleet at the Port of Savannah, the analysis incorporates projected battery cost trajectories, electricity and diesel price trends, vehicle efficiency improvements, and multiple battery capacities. Parameter ranges reflect widely cited projections and observed drayage-duty-cycle variability. A surrogate-modeling method approximates economic performance across thousands of battery cost–electricity price combinations, enabling high-resolution identification of conditions that achieve TCO parity, acceptable PB thresholds, and target IRR levels. Additionally, the study estimates the evolving share of the fleet that can feasibly electrify over time under multiple economic metrics. This integrated framework offers a novel, data-driven approach to inform risk-aware decision-making for fleet electrification and supports investment planning under evolving cost and operational conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 15:11:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2692149</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Dispatching Method for Demand Responsive Transit With Passengers’ Hidden Preference Exploitation Capability</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2591320</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) emerges as one of the most promising public transit operating patterns, which operates without fixed stations or routes, aiming to provide flexible and passenger-oriented services. However, the current DRT dispatching hardly achieves a balance between the operating costs and service flexibility, leading to a high failure rate of DRT operation. To address this issue, this research proposes a dispatching method for DRT with passengers’ hidden preference exploitation capability. The proposed DRT dispatching method overcomes the imbalance shortcomings of conventional method and bears the following features: 1) With the capability of exploiting the passengers’ hidden preference; 2) With the capability of making the most of the passengers’ room for compromise. To evaluate the proposed dispatching method, a numerical experiment compared with conventional DRT dispatching model is conducted, and sensitivity analysis is performed for passenger satisfaction level threshold. The evaluation results show that with the capability of exploiting the passengers’ hidden preference, the proposed DRT dispatching method is able to improve the average travel time by 27.8%~47.5% and reduce the average waiting time by 26.4%~47.4%; via making the most of the passengers’ room for compromise, the proposed DRT dispatching method is able to enhance the passenger average satisfaction by 65.3%~85.7%. The benefit range is caused by different values of passenger satisfaction level threshold.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 17:10:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2591320</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Performance Evaluation of Global Container Shipping Companies: Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2674224</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The shipping market has to deal with rapid and dynamic competition to achieve optimum benefit performance. Developing effective resource investment and then converting this to high performance is a fundamental strategic decision-making problem. Often, studies use quantitative methods alone, which are undoubtedly useful but may suffer from issues resulting from the removal of the results from their context of use, and are potentially open to issues such as those resulting from a MacNamara effect, whereby the figures may arguably show successful strategies, but mask fundamental problems. Here, to address this, the quantitative results are contextualized with qualitative methods to reveal any complexities. Quantitatively, the performance of seven shipping companies was measured using DEA. The gross tonnage, the million TEU, and EBIT were variables. Findings showed that ZIM and COSCO were efficient and others were inefficient. Qualitatively, interviews were used to reveal subtleties and complexities in the research findings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 15:21:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2674224</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How does supply chain finance impact green breakthrough innovation in the supply chain? Knowledge spillover effect based on core firms</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640939</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Green breakthrough innovation represents a novel model for achieving harmonious environmental and economic development. However, the green innovation process often faces insufficient funding due to high risks and extended investment return cycles. This study examines the intrinsic relationship between supply chain finance and green breakthrough innovation, and also explores the influence of knowledge spillover effects. By establishing a green innovation ecosystem that encourages investment in green innovation and reduces risk uncertainty, supply chain finance exerts a substantial positive consequence on firms' green breakthrough innovation. Dynamic environmental changes moderate green innovation on both technological and market dimensions, while the benefits of knowledge spillovers are amplified throughout the supply chain system, benefiting collaborative firms in the supply chain. By integrating supply chain finance with a current sustainability innovation framework, this study extends the economic implications of supply chain finance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2026 16:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640939</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Best Practices for Structuring and Managing Statewide Resource Tracking Databases</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672773</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) is working to modernize its financial tracking systems to improve transparency, compliance, and efficiency in managing federally funded transportation projects. Existing tools, including the Resource Administration database and related systems, operate independently, and require extensive manual data entry, limiting real-time financial coordination. This study evaluated federal requirements, reviewed ADOT’s current financial management processes, and examined practices from peer state departments of transportation. The research identified best practices in system integration, governance, and automation, and also developed a three-phase framework, covering preparation, procurement, and implementation to guide modernization. The recommendations provide ADOT with a practical roadmap for developing a unified, data-driven resource-tracking system that supports efficient decision-making and regulatory compliance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 09:54:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672773</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The digital economy and supply chain finance: toward performance booster</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633339</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In global intense rivalry and increasing pressure to digital technology innovation, firms are resorting to the rise of digital economy to achieve supply chain finance to acquire capital support. This study investigated the role of digital economy on supply chain financing performance (SCFP) and designed the customised recipes for high and low level SCFP. Collecting a sample of 3384 firms from 2017 to 2022, this study used the regressive analysis and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to test hypotheses. We find that the micro-level empirical evidence on digital economy in SCFP does exist – namely, the rise of digital economy not only has a beneficial effect on SCFP, but also serves as a pivotal ingredient in recipes for attaining SCFP. For instance, a remarkable display of high-level SCFP unequivocally signifies a substantial appetite for the digital economy, whereas low-level SCFP remains comparatively subdued. Additionally, digital economy cannot eliminate the gap in SCF availability owing to heterogeneity in economic levels and property rights. The results give valuable insights to supply chain management in SCF-related decision-making and provide application recommendations for managers by constructing a strategic initiative that effectively responds to the multifaceted opportunities and challenges presented by digital technology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2026 08:30:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633339</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A supply chain finance risk management model for the electric vehicle supply chain: a data-driven analysis</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633338</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Government policies and financial regulations, supply chain risk assessments, and technology have made electric vehicle (EV) supply chain challenging for Thailand to adopt and implement (SCF) effectively. This study aims to perform a data-driven analysis that provides insight into SCF risk management and inputs for an EV supply chain. Prior studies are lacking to propose a data driven SCF risk management model and present the model in the EV supply chain. This study proposed a hybrid approach to validate the attributes and formed the hierarchical structure. This study contributes insights into a valid SCF risk management hierarchical structure, identifies the causal interdependent relationships among the attributes, and determines the attributes for the model. The results show that financing risk control and global SCF strategies are needed for improvement. The bullwhip effect, decision-making processes, bank credit, corporate social responsibility, and reverse factoring are important for practices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2026 08:30:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2633338</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How does supply chain finance impact supply chain resilience − based on three levels of supply and demand decision making</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655845</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Enhancing supply chain resilience has emerged as a key focus for industries worldwide. Based on the theory of resource orchestration, this paper uses annual reports of Chinese companies to analyze how supply chain finance improves supply chain resilience in three dimensions, including matching supply and demand, fostering supply–demand relationships, and ensuring supply quality. The results indicate that supply chain finance contributes positively to improving resilience across these dimensions. Furthermore, the moderating analysis examines the positive moderating effects of artificial intelligence, merchant guild culture and the level of vertical integration on supply chain finance and supply chain resilience. Finally, this paper also explores the threshold effect of company risk-taking and the heterogeneity of industry characteristics. The results show that company risk-taking level has a certain threshold impact, and the supply chain finance in the manufacturing industry has a more significant effect on enhancing supply chain resilience, which emphasizes that companies should attach importance to aspects such as technology, risk management and cultural maintenance, when they carry out supply chain finance business. This research provides a new perspective for optimizing supply chain resilience.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:01:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655845</guid>
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