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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>Planning the future of rail in the post-COVID era</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2317227</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper proposes a methodology aimed at identifying the main factors affecting the rail sector in the new normal scenario, referring to the post-pandemic era, where the transportation system has experienced significant changes. Indeed, a survey was designed, and a questionnaire was submitted to a sample of employees of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (Italian State Railway company). Then, a ranking of these factors was identified through the estimation of a Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results showed that the areas of Energy and Environment, Lifestyle, and Economy will positively affect the future of rail in the new normal scenario. This study offers insights into the dynamics of the rail sector's adaptation to post-pandemic conditions. By highlighting the factors that play a crucial role in shaping the future of rail transportation, this research suggests innovative strategies and policy initiatives to foster sustainable growth and resilience in the sector.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jan 2024 08:54:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2317227</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Italferr and Anas: Our Commitment to the New Bridge in Genoa - The Two Companies of the State Railways Group Have Taken Care of the Executive Project and Testing</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1746183</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Projects of extraordinary infrastructural complexity and the confrontation with great engineering and management challenges have allowed Italferr, the engineering company of the Italian State Railways Group, to consolidate its know-how over time, to contribute to the spread of High Speed in Italy and to compete with the most important design companies on international markets, representing Italian excellence in the world.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Nov 2020 14:22:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1746183</guid>
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      <title>FS unleashes new benefits from ERTMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1376990</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The boundaries of European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS) are being pushed by Italian State Railways (FS) in order to raise line speeds on its high-speed network, improve interoperability for freight, increase capacity in its major cities, make better use of the data produced by ERTMS, and reduce the cost of running rural lines to save them from closure. As this article explains, this means developing solutions ahead of anyone else in many cases.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2015 08:13:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1376990</guid>
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      <title>Intelligent decision support for scheduling and rerouting trains on an Italian railway line</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1352890</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper deals with an operational problem faced by railway traffic controllers. During daily operations, trains need to be scheduled on a bidirectional single-track line with multiple stations to cope with various sources of disturbance that alter the existing timetable. The authors propose a decision support tool based on a detailed mathematical formulation of the single-line train scheduling problem. State-of-the-art scheduling and rerouting optimization algorithms are adopted to compute good quality solutions in a short computation time. Practical data from Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), train delays and disrupted tracks are investigated in order to quantify the gap, in terms of delay minimization, between the solutions provided by optimization and by the current first-in first-out (FIFO)-based dispatching practice. The computational results show that advanced scheduling algorithms are useful when dealing with any kind of disturbed traffic situation, since train ordering decisions have to be taken at each station in both traffic directions. Differently, advanced rerouting algorithms are more suitable when mixed traffic is scheduled, since overtaking between trains travelling in the same direction is only favourable when trains travel at different speeds.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2015 13:37:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1352890</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>FS Launches Regional Rail Revival</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/915717</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Following an agreement between Italian State Railways (FS) and all regions within Italy with the exception of Piedmont, a massive investment program, valued at 2 billion euros, will give the nation's rundown regional rail services a shot in the arm. The program will allow each region to have a proper contract with FS which will be valid for six years, with a six year extension possible if both sides agree. Regions can specify train frequency, stopping patterns, and other services from a priced menu provided by FS. New and refurbished locomotives and rolling stock are part of the plan to give passengers better value.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Apr 2010 07:14:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/915717</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Italian Railways on the Rocky Road to Recovery</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/859548</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Thanks to the efforts of its new management team, Italian Railways (FS) is recovering from its enormous 2006 loss of €2.12 billion. In addition to financial loss, increasing numbers of independent and open-access freight operators created stiffening competition for FS. Trenitalia is the train operating subsidiary of FS. It is planning a major commuter service expansion, as well as freight division performance improvement. FS and the Italian Post Office agreed in February to form joint venture Italy Logistics. FS will use rail to perform the trunk haul, and the Post Office will use the road for collection and delivery. Italy's newly elected government's attitude about rail transportation is now the main uncertainty, since government relations and actions were issues in the past. A box highlights the FS rolling stock investment plan.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2008 07:41:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/859548</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Italian trains explained : simply amore</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/774064</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jan 2006 15:45:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/774064</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CONDITION ASSESSMENT BY VISUAL INSPECTION FOR A BRIDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/750331</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper deals with the condition assessment procedure proposed for the bridge management system (BMS) currently under development for the public railway in Italy.  The Italian Railway Network (IRN) comprises many aging brid, because of the ultra-centenary history of the Italian lines.  One of the recent and ongoing efforts of Italian railway management has been the development the development of a modern engineering process to manage bridge maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, and functional improvement, with the understanding that such goals may require revamping of traditional inspection procedures. This paper concentrates attention on the condition assessment procedure proposed for the Italian railway BMS.  The methodology presented permits the evaluation of the condition of any and all bridges belonging to the stock manageg by the IRN.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Feb 2005 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/750331</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE PROBLEM OF COSTS IN THE RAILWAY INDUSTRY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271545</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The calculation of railway costs is extremely difficult on account of the sheer size and complexity of the industry, the technologies employed, the characteristics of demand and other factors.  In common with other public services, the product of the railway industry is not storable; it is a service placed at the disposal of the public, who may or may not use it.  Five chapters cover:  (1) factors which affect railway costs; (2) the structure of railway costs and the significance of cost categories; (3) the utilization of costs; (4) the effect of the difference between costs and tariffs; and (5) the ratio between costs and tariffs. (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:01:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/271545</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ORE. QUESTION C 167. AERODYNAMIC PHENOMENA OF TRAINS PASSING THROUGH TUNNELS: RESISTANCE TO FORWARD MOVEMENT. TESTS IN THE TUNNELS COSTA DEI ROSI, CASTIGLIONE AND PIZZI DI FOGLIA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/268065</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The present report describes the tests carried out by FS during the series of general tests organised by FS on Direttissima.  The aim of this series of tests was to study the aerodynamic and thermal acoustic phenomena resulting from the running of high-speed trains in tunnels.  This report only deals with the aerodynamic aspect of the problem and, in particular, phenomena of resistance to forward movement.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 21:33:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/268065</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OPERATING COSTS AND MARKET ORGANIZATION IN RAILWAY SERVICES. THE CASE OF ITALY, 1980-1995</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/732527</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The transcendental logarithmic (translog) cost function is increasingly being used in rail cost studies in North America, but insufficient data has prevented similar studies in Europe. This paper uses data from 1980-1995 to estimate a firm-specific translog short-run variable cost function for one Italian railway company, Ferrovie dello Stato (FS).  A significant advantage of firm-specific investigation is the availability of more detailed and consistent data.  Results show that the translog function represents a good approximation of the underlying technology of FS.  All production factor demands are shown to be inelastic.  FS has a limited ability to substitute between inputs and operates with diseconomies of density.  A major implication of these findings is that the rail network is not used optimally, so that either a cut in the frequency of trains or a rise in capital investments seems to be indicated. Since the estimated cost function is super-additive at the relevant output levels, efficient industry structures for railway operations in Italy are examined using the results obtained at the firm level.  It can be concluded that rail service provision in Italy would not behave as a natural monopoly in the absence of regulation.  Allocative efficiency indicates that there is enough room for a duopolistic industry where joint or specialized production of passenger and freight service would be pursued.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/732527</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE TRAIN COMMUNICATION NETWORK IN THE TRAINS OF FS FLEET: OPTIMISATION, INTEGRATION AND INTEROPERABILITY OF RAILWAY FUNCTIONALITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/728313</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes the research, testing, commissioning, and conformance assessment activities carried out by the Italian Railway to introduce a Train Communication Network (TCN) in the railroad vehicles of its fleet. The TCN can be considered as a train infrastructure capable of configuring itself automatically and connecting, through common interfaces, to all the onboard electronic equipment. The TCN transfers a great deal of data along the train, both in cyclical and sporadic modes, allowing realization of new applications and improvement of existing ones.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/728313</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN 25 KV-50 HZ RAIL SYSTEM AND PARALLEL 3 KV D.C. LINES: INFLUENCE ON D.C. ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONVERTERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/728317</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper reports on a study involving field tests and simulation of the behavior of an electronic rail vehicle supplied by d.c. voltage with a 50 Hz ripple induced by a parallel high-speed line. Measurements recorded in the Italian Railways 25 kV-50 Hz test site are used to elaborate the input data and to choose significant conditions for the simulations. Simulation and measurement results are presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2002 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/728317</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF SIGNALLING TECHNOLOGY USED ON THE SAFETY AND CONTINUITY OF TRAIN CIRCULATION: A CASE STUDY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/670109</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article looks at a study conducted with respect to the influence of the type of signalling technology used on the safety and continuity of train circulation, as based on statistical data provided by Italian State Railways (FS).  The article first addresses the signalling technologies currently in use on the network of FS.  Then, the method used to determine the correlation between the signalling technology used and the safety of train circulation is described, followed by a presentation of the results obtained in this report.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Nov 2000 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/670109</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRAIN-TRACK INTERACTION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN A NUMERICAL MODEL AND FULL-SCALE EXPERIMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/514732</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A mathematical model for the simulation of train-track interaction can be a very useful tool for the improvement of railway line design techniques. In this paper, the results of a numerical model able to reproduce the dynamic interaction of a train-track system are compared with measurements taken during tests performed in co-operation with the Italian Railway Authority. The numerical model makes it possible to evaluate the vibrational impact on the surroundings, and the comparison between a traditional ballasted track and a track laid on a prestressed concrete superstructure is reported.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/514732</guid>
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