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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>An Improved Human Biodynamic Model Considering the Interaction between Feet and Ground</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1434426</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Nowadays, studying the human body response in a seated position has attracted a lot of attention as environmental vibrations are transferred to the human body through floor and seat. This research has constructed a multi-body biodynamic human model with 17 degrees of freedom (DOF), including the backrest support and the interaction between feet and ground. Three types of human biodynamic models are taken into consideration: the first model doesn't include the interaction between the feet and floor, the second considers the feet and floor interaction by using a high stiffness spring, the third one includes the interaction by using a soft spring. Based on the whole vehicle model, the excitation to human body through feet and back can be obtained by ride simulation. The simulation results indicate that the interaction between feet and ground exerts non-negligible effect upon the performance of the whole body vibration by comparing the three cases.       ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Jan 2017 16:23:16 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>REPORT OF FINDINGS: LAKE SUPERIOR CLASSIFIED BARREL DISPOSAL SITE. DEFENSE ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PROGRAM FOR FORMERLY USED DEFENSE SITES. PROJECT NO. E05MN025501; REPT. FOR 10 OCT-26 NOV 90</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/406121</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report contains findings of underwater surveys and barrel recovery operations conducted in Lake Superior by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District in 1990. Twenty-four square miles of lake bottom were electronically surveyed, resulting in the verified location of approximately 105 barrels believed to be classified scrap produced between 1959-1962 by Minneapolis -Honeywell Inc. Two barrels were recovered from a depth of 170 feet, and opened by personnel wearing protective safety equipment. The contents were confirmed by Honeywell personnel to be safety and arming devices for a BLU-3 or BLU-4 anti-personnel grenade/mines. The material had been declassified prior to the initiation of a previous search in 1977. After their discovery, 25 barrels were monitored using an underwater gamma probe. Radiologic data collected in the proximity of the barrels did not indicate any health or safety risks in the area monitored.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Oct 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>MECHANISMS OF FRACTURE IN ANKLE AND FOOT INJURIES TO DRIVERS IN MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/371380</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The exact mechanisms of ankle and foot fracture in motor vehicle crashes have been little studied because detailed medical records of injured occupants have been lacking.  A study of 23 frontal impacts for which detailed information, including x-rays, is available was conducted to identify common mechanisms of fracture and examine the role of footwell intrusion in ankle and foot injury.  The medical files made possible the association of fracture mechanisms with injury locations within and near the ankle and the positive identification of four common fracture mechanisms:  inversion or eversion, direct vertical force, dorsiflexion, and direct side force.  Inversion or eversion was identified as a fracture mechanism in 15 of the 23 injured ankles or feet (65%) and 12 of 13 malleolar injuries (92%).  This stands in contrast to other recent work in which dorsiflexion was postulated to be a prominent injury mechanism. Concurrent vehicle investigations made it clear that footwell intrusion plays a large role in injuries induced by inversion or eversion.  The importance of intrusion as a contributing cause of ankle and foot injuries is currently unrecognized in U.S. vehicle safety standards.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Feb 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>AN EXPERIMENT TO DETERMINE RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF BOAT OPERATORS IN EMERGENCY MANEUVERS USING HAND AND FOOT THROTTLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/29060</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Obstacle avoidance in emergency situations is dependent on a boat driver's ability to respond to the situation in a safe manner. What is safe quite often depends on responses taken by the driver. This report describes the investigation undertaken into the driver responses to a simulated emergency situation. The particular scope is interdependences of maximum roll angle change and initial roll angle changes, initial yaw angle change, success/failure rate, initial rate of motor angle change, and time for maximum roll change with the type of throttle control used.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 05 Nov 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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