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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>MECHANICAL INTERACTION of the RAIL TRANSPORT CAR and JOINT IRREGULARITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1910720</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mechanical models of a transport system “carriage - track” while crossing a joint irregularity are proposed. An investigation was conducted on the peculiarities of static, shock and dynamic interaction between the four-axle car and the track, considering tram wheelsets motion features over joint irregularity. A method to solve the equations of a mathematical model of static, shock and dynamic interaction is developed. Numerical analysis is used to determine deflections of the facing rail under the first sleeper for each phase of motion depending on motion phases, and car load and speed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Apr 2022 09:40:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1910720</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Efficiency Analysis of a Multiple Axle Vehicle with Hydrostatic Transmission Overcoming Obstacles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1485838</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transmission configurations in off-road vehicles with multiple driven axles can be a determining factor in the obstacle surmounting capacity and also in the vehicle efficiency. An off-road articulated vehicle with four driven axles, four bogies and two modules has been considered for the global hydrostatic transmission efficiency analysis and for the vehicle functional efficiency analysis. The power flow through the transmission system has been quantified from the combustion engine shaft to each axle of the wheels. It has been done for different the operating conditions and taking into account the wheel–terrain interaction and the transmission configuration, that could lead to a forced slippage of some of the wheels. Results show the influence of the different wheels’ requirements, the transmission configuration limitations and the considered control strategy on the global transmission and vehicle functional efficiencies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Nov 2017 09:28:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1485838</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A new mathematical model of the behaviour of a four-axle freight wagon with UIC single-link suspension</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1122468</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper analyses the lateral dynamic behaviour of a four-axle freight wagon with Union Internationale des Chemins de fer (UIC) single-link suspension where dry friction is used to damp oscillations. Mathematical models of the standard UIC single-link suspension have been prepared elsewhere according to non-smooth mechanics assumptions and implemented into established MBS programs. Numerical simulations of the motion of the four-axle freight wagon with a 200 kN static axleload have been performed on straight track according to methods appropriate for predicting the dynamic stability of freight wagons.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Nov 2011 13:43:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1122468</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Freight Wagon Link Suspension</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/805660</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A better understanding of the lateral characteristics of the link suspension is the focus of this article. The authors describe the link suspension as being the most prevalent suspension system for two-axle freight wagons. Moreover, they note that link suspension is still frequently used in Central and Western Europe for four-axle freight wagons. In the research, stationary measurement results on freight wagons, along with laboratory tests on single links, are presented. Secondly, the authors propose a simulation mathematical model. In addition, the authors investigate the influence that various parameters have on link characteristics. Test results clearly show that different links can present significant variations from each other, due to age and maintenance status. While the authors note that their developed simulation model can explain many of the stability problems of link suspension running gears, they also acknowledge that more research is needed to arrive at a full understanding of the characteristics in order to recommend improvements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2007 13:45:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/805660</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Diesel Commuter Locomotive -- Raising the Bar on Performance and Noise Abatement</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/758060</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 2005, faced with a strong growth in ridership and the need to operate heavier train loads, NJ Transit introduced the most powerful four-axle diesel-electric commuter locomotive in North America. With a gross rating of 4200 HP, all thirty-three of the units were completed by Alstom Transportation at its Hornell NY, plant in 2004 and are actively undergoing commissioning trials before full entry into service. Built in full compliance with the Passenger Equipment Safety Standards under 49CFR238 and the EPA Tier I emissions requirements under 40CFR92, NJ Transit also called for the equipment to meet stringent levels of performance and noise abatement. In addition, with a challenging weight limit of 288,000 lbs for operation up to 100 mph, the specification raised the bar on the designers to develop a locomotive for the twenty-first century. This paper describes the features of the PL42-AC locomotive in detail with particular focus on the way in which it meets the high-performance and noise abatement criteria.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Jul 2005 14:16:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/758060</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MEETING THE DEMAND FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE LOCOS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/682416</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Because the continuing demand for increased mobility is creating bottlenecks on many rail networks in Europe, simultaneously a demand is being created for efficient, high-performance locomotives that have high traction power, save fuel, and reduce emissions.  The article reviews the four axle and six axle diesel hydraulic units developed by Vossloh Locomotives.  These locomotives use the latest technology and fulfil most of the requirements for modern high performance locomotives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/682416</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CURING SIMULATION OF FOUR AXLE RAILWAY VEHICLES WITH CONVENTIONAL TWO AXLE BOGIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/210563</link>
      <description><![CDATA[We developed a dynamic model for curving of four axle rail vehicles with conventional two axle bogies, and derived equations of their motion.  Then some digital simulations were made to obtain time history of rail-wheel vertical and lateral forces during curving.  In the case of an ordinary truck, it is shown that it runs on curved tracks with its outer wheel of the front axle slipping between the flange and the rail, as is well known.  However, slipless curving is achieved by a proper selection of parameters.  This simulation was also applied to those cases where dynamic coupler forces were applied, and there was a lateral rail irregularity.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 1985 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/210563</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SAFE AND EFFICIENT FREIGHT TRANSPORT BY RAIL. PAPERS READ AT THE SYMPOSIUM HELD AT I MECH E HQ, 1 MARCH 1979</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/172970</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This publication contains the following papers: The future of freight rail transport (Sanderson, HC); The design of future freight vehicles (Ellis, BR); Design of wagons for special commodities (Smith, AD); Suspension developments on two axle and bogie wagons-A (Morris, RS); Suspension developments on two axle and bogie wagons-B (Stephenson, JE and Mitchell, JR); Maintenance of a modern wagon fleet-A (Noden, J); Maintenance of a modern wagon fleet-B (Haines, GC).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/172970</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRACTICAL CALCULATION METHOD OF QUASI-STATIC CURVING PERFORMANCE OF RAILWAY BOGIE VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167127</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The study described was carried out to obtain a calculation method of quasi-static curving performance of railroad bogie vehicles consisting of both 6 and 14 degrees of freedom systems.  In this analysis, the non-linear characteristics of contact forces between wheel and rail are taken into consideration, and the successive approximation method is applied to carry out the numerical calculations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167127</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF WORN RUNNING GEAR OF LOADED FOUR-AXLE CARS ON CAR DYNAMICS AND TRACK FORCES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167353</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The results are presented of complex dynamic (running) tests for determining the dynamic characteristics and forces on track of four-axle gondolas with MT-50 and TsNII-Kh3 trucks having nominal and maximum allowable wear and axle loads of 21 and 22 metric tons.  Conditions are examined for the operation of cars with worn running gear on the Soviet railroad network in terms of the track quality and the different types of track structure on straight and curved sections.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167353</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PARAMETERS OF A JOURNAL SUSPENSION TRUCK ON A FOUR-AXLE CAR</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167356</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The dynamic stability of a four-axle gondola on journal suspension trucks is examined.  Oscillation frequencies and transverse suspension stiffness are determined for various car speeds; dynamic stability ranges are developed; and the optimal value for transverse journal suspension stiffness is determined.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167356</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON FREIGHT CARS WITH MAXIMUM WEAR OF RUNNING GEAR AND IN THE PRESENCE OF DEVIATIONS FROM TRACK MAINTENANCE STANDARDS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/167359</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The results are given of a set of tests of freight car dynamics and track forces associated with operating loaded four-axle gondolas with MT-50 and TsNII-Kh3 trucks under the most unfavorable combination of truck wear and poor track conditions.  These track conditions included artificially induced irregularities in track geometry. The results include the effects of truck wear and track geometry deviations on the dynamic indices of gondolas and track forces at train speeds up to 120 km/hr.  Also given is the methodology for the tests.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/167359</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BUCKLING OF RAILWAY WAGON FRAMES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/161007</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents the analysis of the three dimensional space frame with arbitrary configuration and loading.  The conventional stiffness method is modified into an iterative technique to take into account the effect of axial force in magnifying the flexural deformations.  The theory predicts the buckling loads of the frame of box-type freight car and 4-wheeler undercarriage frame used by Indian Railways.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/161007</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PERMISSIBLE LIMIT VALUES FOR THE Y AND Q FORCES AND DERAILMENT CRITERIA. EFFECT OF THE SPACING OF CONSECUTIVE AXLES ON THE MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE VALUE OF LATERAL LOAD FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF TRACK DISPLACEMENT. SECOND PART. TESTS ON BOGIE WAGONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/15562</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The present report describes the results obtained with the two bogie vehicles successively: a summary of the programme of tests and results obtained with the two-axled wagon; a description of the test installation; the characteristics of the bogie vehicles; the conditions for the execution of the tests and the results obtained; and a comparative analysis of the results contained for the 3 types of vehicle.  These results show in particular that for closely spaced axles the value S sub lim related to the axle exposed to the highest lateral load in absolute numbers, varies with the ratio between the loads applied to 2 consecutive wheelsets, the minimum being reached when these 2 loads are equal.  This minimum does not significantly differ from the value S sub lim determined for the case of the single wheelset, for which it is close to (10 + p over 3) kN (P = axle-load) for the track conditions retained for the tests.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/15562</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SAFE AND EFFICIENT FREIGHT TRANSPORT BY RAIL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/143260</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Six papers by various authors are presented, four of which are indexed and abstracted separately.  The topic discussed is rail freight cars of all types, with particular emphasis on suspension developments on two axle and bogie wagons, and cars for special commodities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/143260</guid>
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