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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>BIG A2021-06 Rate-dependent response of excavations and permanent underground structures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2269676</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As cities expand, the depth and extent of excavations and underground structures in urban areas will likely increase e.g. as a result of societal shift towards sustainable modes of transportation. The complexity of excavations increases further due to strict regulations on the allowable deformations in the vicinity. Such restrictions during the construction phase not only affect the earth pressures in the short-term, but also may affect the long-term earth pressures against the permanent structure.   The main aim of this project is to develop conceptual models and design charts for earth pressure against permanent structures in clay. The main objective is to replace design based on over-simplified methods (such as K0-factor design) with normalised earth pressure charts based on sound numerical studies. The scope of work entails analyses of measurement data from “part 1” of a PhD-project (Tornborg, 2020). Numerical studies are carried out to generalise the results of site-specific data. The results are presented as normalised diagrams contributing to results that are scalable e.g. varying geometries, construction time, relative wall-soil stiffnesses.  The knowledge from the project increases the understanding for which variables that substantially influence the development of earth pressure. This utilises sound design methods leading to reduced uncertainty and optimisation of construction material volumes for earth retaining and permanent underground structures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Oct 2023 09:26:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2269676</guid>
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      <title>Using of LWD in assessing the properties of fine grained subgrade soil with reference to M-E Pavement Design</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075177</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The current project focuses on using the VTI’s multifunctional light weight deflectometer (LWD) to estimate the dynamic deformation moduli of fine-grained soil under repeated loading. The research focuses also on finding new relationships where results from repeated LWD tests can be used later in mechanistic-empirical pavement design.  The project is also aimed to verify the matching between the accumulated permanent strain of the tested soil measured by the in-situ repeated LWD and the accumulated permanent strain models adopted in mechanistic-empirical pavement design]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2022 11:40:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075177</guid>
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      <title>Assessment of Subgrade Soils for Pavement Design for Highway 407, East Extension Pickering to Oshawa, Ontario</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1434826</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Although a variety of different input is required for roadway design, subsoil characteristics are one of the key inputs.  In Phase 1 of the extension of Highway 407 eastbound (Pickering-Whitby-Oshawa) and the connection to Highway 401 (West Durham Link), the subgrade soil was observed, described and sampled in nearly 500 exploratory drill holes, evenly spaced along the route, over nearly 30 km. The subgrade soil resilient modulus was measured using a LWD deflectometer in some holes where fairly shallow fill was planned.  The mechanical characteristics of the subgrade soil, mainly ranging from silty sand to sandy silt in the northern section and from silty clay to clayey silt in the southern section, were determined using CBR and resilient modulus testing in the laboratory.  The thermal characteristics of the subgrade soil were determined using soil segregation potential tests (SP0) and standard geotechnical tests (granulometric analysis, sedimentation analysis, Atterberg limits and methylene blue detection limits).  Various correlations were established between the different results obtained to achieve the most accurate possible characterization of the materials while avoiding long and costly testing. The methodological approach used to adequately characterize these subgrade soils will be presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Nov 2016 16:49:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1434826</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>TBM Tunnelling in Faulted and Folded Rocks.</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1398186</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project focuses on the study of the performance of Tunnel Boring Machines (in particular gripper TBMs) in highly jointed rock masses and fault zones. The great development of TBMs in rock tunnelling industry is mainly due to their advantages with respect to conventional excavation, such as continuous operation, safer working conditions and greater rate of advance. However, despite the possible excellent performance of TBMs in favourable ground conditions, the advance rates could be significantly slowed down or even obstructed in limiting geological situations such as highly fractured and fault zones. For underground constructions, a fault zone is one of the most dangerous events especially for what concerns the instability phenomena that may occur at the excavation face. After an introduction about the major issues resulting from tunnelling in these difficult ground conditions, and a description of the main geotechnical problems encountered in famous case-studies, a brief review of the most common TBM-performance prediction models is reported. The objective is trying to point out the most common parameters used for evaluating the TBM performance in optimum advancing conditions. Tunnelling in fault zones is generally associated to strongly anisotropic wall displacements as well as a secondary stress re-distribution around the opening during and after the excavation. This often leads to long stops of the excavation face with strong reduction of the TBM operations. The geomechanical characterisation of these zones is very difficult due to their heterogeneous nature: these zones are actually a combination of weak and strong rock components. This particular behaviour has been studied through a literature review about geological and geomechanical classifications of fault rocks, generally called "cataclastic" rocks. In order to investigate possible relationships between difficult rock mass conditions and TBM performance, the data of several tunnel projects have been collected in a specific database (TBM-performance database). This database is subdivided into two sections: the first one contains the tunnel characteristics, TBM specifications and TBM performance parameters; while the second one considers the geological-geotechnical parameters of the intact rock and rock mass. Despite the difficulties in gaining complete TBM and detailed geological information, this database compiles data obtained directly from the field, laboratory tests and literature.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Feb 2016 14:06:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1398186</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Canary Wharf crossrail station cofferdam, London, UK: design, construction and performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1312276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Jun 2014 09:23:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1312276</guid>
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      <title>Buried flexible pipelines: part 1; structural design: commentary (supplement to AS/NZS 2566.1:1998)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1211879</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Standard gives helpful background information to AS/NZS 2566.1 and emphasizes the need for field compaction of the embedment material to be consistent with assumptions on which the equations are based. Appendix B gives worked examples which illustrate the application of AS/NZS 2566.1 for the selection of an appropriate pipe material and class of pipe]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Aug 2012 12:17:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1211879</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Buried flexible pipelines: part 1; structural design</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1211878</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Standard specifies a practice for the structural design of buried flexible pipelines which rely upon side support to resist vertical loads. The practice applies to pipes with outside diameters equal to or greater than 75 mm, initial ring-bending stiffness equal to or greater than 1250 N/m/m and long-term ring-bending stiffness equal to or greater than 625 N/m/m.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Aug 2012 12:17:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1211878</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Long-term performance of reinstated trenches and adjacent pavements. Part 2: Long-term performance of reinstatements in the highway</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210812</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Aug 2012 00:59:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210812</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Long-term performance of reinstated trenches and adjacent pavements. Part 1: Literature review</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210811</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Aug 2012 00:59:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210811</guid>
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      <title>Trenchless utility network rehabilitation: continuous lining</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210363</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Aug 2012 00:36:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1210363</guid>
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      <title>Symposium on public utility problems - location, reinstatement and coordination of services: introductory remarks, papers and discussions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1209877</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The symposium comprised the following papers: an introduction to public utility problems (mackenzie=jr); public utility problems (bramham=rb); public utility (holdenson=bc); public utility problems (parkinson=ps).  A brief analysis of these papers is provided in introductory remarks by cottman=nh. General discussion of the four papers is presented on pages 161-7.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Aug 2012 23:58:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1209877</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Drainage construction</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208837</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper discusses drainage structures for roads including surface drainage, subsurface or pipe drainage and culverts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Aug 2012 23:21:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208837</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Materials for subsoil drains</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208494</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Aug 2012 23:12:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208494</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRT-suburban depressed grade</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208010</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report examined the implications of constructing lengths of PRT guideway in open trenches in response to the severe problem of elevated guideway intrusion in residential and scenic areas.  The report concludes that the solution is a physically feasible and economically practical - particularly in selected areas.  The cost is equivalent to a cut and cover tunnel solution which may be preferable.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Aug 2012 22:53:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1208010</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Field performance of a firm silty clay</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1207687</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Coode island silt is a firm to stiff silty clay which covers a significant area of the Yarra delta near Melbourne.  The deposit is normally consolidated and highly compressible, and with depths of up to 25 metres, significant settlements result from even modest loadings.  The paper presents analysis of settlements from beneath two embankments and from around two excavations. Where the embankment heights are sufficient to initiate significant primary settlement the measured rates are some 200 times those predicted from data on small samples, presumably due to the influence of silt and sand lenses. Secondary consolidation makes up a significant proportion of the movements and can be predicted with reasonable accuracy from laboratory measured creep rates.  Around excavations, rates of response of pore pressures and the extent of drawdown suggest horizontal permeabilities hundreds of times greater than vertical. Settlements appear to be predictable if pore pressure changes are known.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Aug 2012 22:43:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1207687</guid>
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