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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>Estimation of Elastic Moduli of Flexible Pavement Layers from Deflections Measured by Lightweight Deflectometer</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1393606</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Falling Weight Deflectometers (FWDs) have been in use for the past three decades to evaluate the structural capacity of pavements. They apply an impulse load on the surface of the pavement and record the surface deflections at the center of the loading plate and several radial points using geophones. Light Weight Deflectometers (LWDs) are based on the same principle as the FWDs but they use a maximum of three geophones and can apply a maximum load of 3,000 lbf. LWDs are typically used for measuring the stiffness of unbound pavement foundation layers or subgrade soil layer but they can also be used to test thin flexible pavement structures. The paper presents the development of a set of simple formulas for estimating the layer elastic moduli of the two-layer and three-layer pavement systems having the total pavement thickness less than 12 inches. The formulas were obtained through multiple linear regression analysis after computing the surface deflection for a large number of pavement structures loaded over an 8.0 and 12.0 inch diameter circular area. The formulas can be implemented easily in the data acquisition software of the LWD, which is installed on a portable electronic device (e.g. Palm Pilot). This eliminates the need for post-processing of the deflection data which demands the use of a moduli backcalculation software.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 05 Mar 2016 11:29:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1393606</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Distracted Highway Users at Highway-rail Grade Crossings</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1251926</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this research is to assess the incidences of distracted drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists at highway-rail grade crossings, using data collected in the field and provide guidance on countermeasure strategies. Distractions for highway users have increased over the past decade, due to the widespread availability of electronic gadgets that allow owners to listen to music, talk, text, and use the Internet while on the road. Significant research emphasis has been on distracted drivers; however, pedestrians and bicyclists are also susceptible, especially at highway-rail grade crossings where mistakes could easily result in fatalities. A total of 2,397 highway-rail grade crossing collisions were reported in 2008, resulting in 286 deaths and more than 900 injuries. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) statistics show that in 78 of these vehicle-train collisions, the cause was listed as "highway user inattentiveness," resulting in 14 deaths and 117 injuries. Other FRA statistics show that in 488 grade crossing crashes, vehicles ran into trains already present at the crossings. Of those crashes, more than 60% were at crossings equipped with either gates or flashing lights, while just over 33% occurred at crossings with either stop or crossbuck signs. Although these crashes may have multiple causes, distracted driving appears to be a contributing factor. A highway-rail crossing located in Fremont, NE will be studied for distracted drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists by using observers in the field and a video recording system. Additional data will be gathered by surveying a sample of the grade crossing users. This location already has the needed electric power, while a new camera and digital video recorder will be installed. Collected data will be analyzed for instances of distracted usage of the crossing by drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists. The results will provide information for the development of an informed strategy on reducing distracted usage of grade crossings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 2013 01:01:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1251926</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Did You See the Unicycling Clown? Inattentional Blindness while Walking and Talking on a Cell Phone</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1132941</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article investigated the effects of divided attention during walking. Individuals were classified based on whether they were walking while talking on a cell phone, listening to an MP3 player, walking without any electronics or walking in a pair. A first study by the authors found that cell phone users walked more slowly, changed directions more frequently, and were less likely to acknowledge other people than individuals in the other conditions. In a second study it was found that cell phone users were less likely to notice an unusual activity along their walking route (a unicycling clown). Cell phone usage may cause inattentional blindness even during a simple activity that should require few cognitive resources.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Mar 2012 12:16:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1132941</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Is Portable Technology Changing How Americans Travel? A Survey of the Use of Electronic Devises on Intercity Buses, Trains, and Planes</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1105424</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study measures the use of portable electronic technology by travelers on intercity trains, planes, and buses. Using data obtained from field observations of 7,028 passengers in fourteen states, it shows that travelers on “curbside” bus operators, such as Boltbus and Megabus, and high-speed Acela Express trains are the heaviest users of portable technology. At randomly selected points during trips, 39.6% of passengers on curbside buses are using some form of portable technology— two percentage points more than on conventional Amtrak trains and more than twice that on commercial flights and Greyhound. Technology use on the high-speed Acela Express is higher than curbside buses on weekdays but lower on weekends. The type of technology used by travelers differs widely between modes of travel and day of week. More than half of technology users on curbside bus services are engaged in audio activities, such as cell-phone calls, using digital music players, and other such activities. Usage on trains is much different, with users of visually oriented technologies, such as those involving laptop computers and other devises with LCD screens, outnumbering audio users by more than two-to-one. These and other findings suggests that the ability to use portable electronics is an important factor offsetting the longer travel time associated with certain bus and train trips and providing a new incentive for travelers to use transportation services that operate to and from the downtown districts of major cities. To support this premise, the final section of the study shows that that intercity bus service expanded 5.1% in 2009—a rate of growth higher than all other major modes for the third straight year]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Jul 2011 07:25:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1105424</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Variations in the Rates of Passenger Usage of Portable Technology on Intercity Buses, Trains and Planes: Implications for Transportation Planning</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1102402</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In recent years, the use of portable electronic devices by passengers on intercity transportation services has risen markedly. Transportation providers support the use of such devices by installing Wi-Fi systems, power outlets, and cellular telephone signal boosters for passenger use. To fill a void in research about the effects of portable electronic technology on intercity travel behavior, this study evaluates newly collected data for 7,028 passengers on 96 bus, train, and air trips in 14 states. The paper explores how usage differs by mode and time of day as well as the implications that these differences have on various sectors of the U.S. transportation system. Interpreted broadly, the research findings suggest that the ability to use portable electronics may be a factor offsetting the longer travel times associated with certain bus and train trips, and provides a new incentive for travelers to use transportation services that operate to and from the downtown areas of major cities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 May 2011 10:51:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1102402</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>AEG'S ELECTRONIC SIGNAL CABINS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/277765</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Electronic signal cabins are at present in the introductory phase with a number of railway administrations, which not unnaturally have differing technical and operating requirements.  The article describes the objectives for electronic signal cabins and examines their practicability. The merits and drawbacks of electronic signal cabins and relay signal cabins are compared and this is followed up by a detailed examination of the functional and physical structure of the AEG electronic signal cabin.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Aug 2004 04:48:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/277765</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INSTRUMENTATION NEEDS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/130809</link>
      <description><![CDATA[CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION PROPERTIES OF LAYERED STRUCTURES LATERAL PLACEMENT OF TRAFFIC SHORT RANGE TELEMETRY SURVEYING FLOOD SCOUR PAVEMENT THICKNESS ASPHALT OXIDATION PILE BEARING CAPACITY POSITION AND CONDITION OF REINFORCING STEEL AUTOMATIC VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION BITUMINOUS HOT-MIXING THOROUGHNESS SOIL STRAIN OR PRESSURE VOIDS UNDER PCC PAVING CONTOUR AND ROUGHNESS SUBSURFACE WATER FLOW CORROSION CONDITIONS SURVEY FREEZE-AND-THAW RESISTANCE SOUNDNESS OF WOOD SALT CONTENT OF STABILIZED SOIL LIST OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Aug 2004 06:12:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/130809</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE ENFORCEMENT OF TRAFFIC LAWS. SOME CURRENT LEGAL PROBLEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/124395</link>
      <description><![CDATA[FOUR PAPERS ON DIFFERENT PROBLEMS OF TRAFFIC LAW ENFORCEMENT ARE PRESENTED. THEY COVER ELECTRONIC SPEED MEASURING DEVICES, LEGALITY OF STOPPING A MOTORIST TO CHECK HIS DRIVING OR VEHICLE LICENSE, IMPLIED CONSENT LAWS AND TESTS FOR INTOXICATION. IN EACH ONE, THE BASIC LAW IS DISCUSSED, CASES ARE CITED AND SOME COMMENTARIES ARE MADE. THE ARTICLE ON IMPLIED CONSENT INCLUDES A SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 19:23:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/124395</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MEXICAN EXPERIENCE IN GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF EARTHWORKS WITH ELECTRONIC PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCEDURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/121919</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE INTRODUCTION OF THIS WORK BRIEFLY DESCRIBES HOW THE DESIGN OF ROADS BEGAN IN MEXICO, AND HOW THE DESIGNING METHODS HAVE DEVELOPED UNTIL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PLANNING WERE ADOPTED AFTER HAVING BEEN PROVEN VERY HELPFUL AND ESSENTIAL IN EXPEDITING OUR RATE OF DESIGNING. THEY ARE NOT ADEQUATE TO CONFORM TO THE COUNTRY'S NEEDS CONSIDERING ITS UNINTERRUPTED ECONOMICAL GROWTH. KNOWLEDGE WAS OBTAINED IN 1962 OF THE PAPER ENTITLED 'A NEW APPROACH OF DESIGNING AND LOCATION OF HIGHWAYS USING THE ELECTRONIC PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCEDURE' SUBMITTED BY THE SWEDISH DELEGATION TO THE ROAD CONGRESSES HELD IN LONDON AND MADRID. THIS PAPER GREATLY INTERESTED THE OFFICIALS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF MEXICO, WHO DEVOTED THEMSELVES TO A STUDY OF IT, AIMING AT THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS INTRODUCTION IN THIS COUNTRY. THE SECOND CHAPTER DESCRIBES THE WAY IN WHICH THE WORKS WERE INITIATED AND PERFORMED, AND HOW THE FINAL DESIGNS ARE TRANSFERRED TO THE CONSTRUCTION DIRECTION RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CORRESPONDING WORK. THE THIRD CHAPTER TELLS ABOUT THE EXPERIENCE GAINED AND MENTIONS THE LOW EFFICIENCY OF THE GROUND CONTROL TEAMS AND THE POOR USE MADE OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMENT, WHICH INSTEAD OF BEING USED FOR DESIGNING AS IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN, WAS BEING USED FOR MAKING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MAPS. IN THIS SAME CHAPTER, IT IS SHOWN HOW THIS DEFECT WAS CORRECTED, AND THE WAY THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EQUIPMENT WAS USED EFFECTIVELY, CONTINUING TO PRODUCE THE MAPS WHICH ENABLED THE SIDE SURVEY TEAMS WORKING ACCORDING TO CONVENTIONAL PROCEDURE, TO ACHIEVE GREAT RESULTS. THE FOURTH CHAPTER EXPLAINS THE PLANS ENVISAGED FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF THE WORK OF THE DESIGNING SYSTEM BY ESTABLISHING TWO OFFICES, ONE TO DEAL WITH PRELIMINARY DESIGN, AND THE OTHER WITH FINAL DESIGN, INSTEAD OF HAVING ONE TO DEAL WITH ELECTRONIC PHOTOGRAMMETRIC DESIGN, AND THE OTHER WITH CONVENTIONAL DESIGN METHODS. THE WAY THE AERIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS HAS BEEN ORGANIZED IS ALSO SHOWN IN THIS CHAPTER. THIS DEPARTMENT, BESIDES BEING CONCERNED WITH THE SPECIFIC SERVICES IN RELATION TO AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OF ROUTES, ARRANGES FLIGHTS FOR OFFICIALS IN CHARGE OF SURVEYS AND WORKS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. FINALLY, THE RESULTS ACHIEVED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS TO DESIGNS DEVELOPED BY THE ELECTRONIC PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCEDURE, WHICH SO FAR HAVE PROVEN VERY SATISFACTORY, ARE ALSO DESCRIBED. /AUTHOR/ SATISFACTORY ARE ALSO DESCRIBED. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:41:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/121919</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INTERPRETATION OF DESIRE LINE CHARTS MADE ON A CARTOGRAPHATRON</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/120687</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC PLOTTING DEVICE AND A METHOD OF SUMMARIZING TRIP DESIRE LINES ARE DISCUSSED. THE UTILITY OF THE DESIRE LINE IS ALSO EVALUATED. MOREOVER, THE OUTPUT OF THIS PLOTTER, USING CHICAGO EXAMPLES, IS EVALUATED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:36:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/120687</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SPOT SPEED SURVEY DEVICES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/120667</link>
      <description><![CDATA[DEVICES AVAILABLE FOR SPOT SPEED DETECTION ARE DESCRIBED. THE PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION, OPERATING FEATURES, AND ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS ARE INDICATED FOR EACH DEVICE. THE SENSING DEVICES ARE DISCUSSED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION: (1) ELECTRIC CONTACT, (2) PHOTOGRAPHIC, (3) PNEUMATIC ROAD TUBE, (4) RADAR, AND (5) ULTRASONIC. THERE ARE TWO BASIC METHODS EMPLOYED FOR MEASURING SPEED EXTERNALLY. ONE INVOLVES MEASUREMENT OF TIME AND DISTANCE, THE OTHER TAKES ADVANTAGE OF THE DOPPLER PRINCIPLE. DEVICES USING THE FIRST METHOD MAY BE STARTED AND STOPPED BY SENSING DEVICES OF THE ROAD TUBE AND ELECTRIC CONTACT TYPE. THE DOPPLER TYPE METERS ARE RADAR AND ULTRASONIC. MEASURING AND/OR INTERPRETIVE DEVICES ARE DISCUSSED UNDER THEIR PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION: (1) CONDENSER, (2) ELECTRONIC DECADE, (3) MECHANICAL STEPPING SWITCH, (4) OPTICAL, AND (5) TIMED WITH A WATCH. A VARIETY OF DISPLAY OR RECORDING DEVICES ARE ALSO AVAILABLE. THESE VARY FROM A SIMPLE DIRECT READING DIAL TO A MECHANICALLY DRIVEN TAPE WHERE ACTUATED PENS MAKE A PERMANENT RECORD OF SPEED. A LIST OF MANUFACTURERS IS APPENDED INDICATING WHERE THE DEVICES OR COMPONENTS MAY BE PURCHASED IN THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES: (1) SENSING DEVICES, (2) MEASURING DEVICES, AND (3) RECORDING DEVICES.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:36:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/120667</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STANDARD ELECTRONIC UNITS INTERCONNECT TO PROVIDE FLEXIBLE DIGITAL RECORDING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/120626</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SOME OF THE STANDARD ELECTRONIC UNITS WHICH MAY BE COMBINED TO FORM FLEXIBLE DIGITAL RECORDING SYSTEMS ARE DESCRIBED. THESE ANALOGUE RECORDING TECHNIQUES ARE BEING APPLIED TO DIGITAL TRAFFIC SURVEYS BY THE BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS. DIGITAL METHODS OF RECORDING VIBRATION, DYNAMIC STRAINS, HEIGHT, DEFLECTION, TEMPERATURE AND SPEED ARE DESCRIBED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:36:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/120626</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE ELECTRONIC TREATMENT OF GEOCHEMICAL DATA. APPLICATION TO SOME ORDINARY PROBLEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/118104</link>
      <description><![CDATA[MODERN METHODS OF ANALYSIS LEAD TO A CONSIDERABLE INCREASE IN QUANTITATIVE GEOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL DATA. ELECTRONIC CALCULATION IS THE ONLY MEANS OF APPLYING A RIGOROUS STATISTICAL TREATMENT TO SUCH A MASS OF INFORMATION. THE PRINCIPLES OF A GEOCHEMICAL CARD INDEX WHICH WE HAVE DEVELOPED, ARE OUTLINED, AND SOME PROGRAMMES FOR AN IBM 7094 ARE GIVEN. /LCPC/A/RRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 01:47:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/118104</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A TRAFFIC ANALYZER: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/118049</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF A 2-LANE DIGITAL SPEED-PLACEMENT EQUIPMENT UNIT WHICH SERVED THE BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS WELL FOR TEN YEARS IS REVIEWED BRIEFLY. IN 1956 THE RECORDING CAPABILITIES OF THIS EQUIPMENT WERE INCREASED TO COVER FOUR LANES OF TRAFFIC. THE AUTOMOTIVE DIGITAL RECORDING OF DATA FOR THE TWO LANES OF TRAFFIC IN THE OLD DEVICE WAS PROVIDED BY MATCHING HAND-WOUND SOLENOIDS OVER THE KEYS OF A STANDARD ADDING MACHINE AND DEVISING A DIGITAL CLOCK TO INDICATE THE TIME OF EACH RECORDING. SOME PARTS OF THE BASIC DESIGN WERE IMPROVED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT TO COVER THE FOUR LANES OF TRAFFIC USING DIFFERENTLY DEVELOPED ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS. THE TRAFFIC ANALYZER DESCRIBED WAS DEVELOPED BY MODERNIZING AND REDESIGNING THE OLDER SPEED-PLACEMENT RECORDING EQUIPMENT. FIELD SETUPS ARE SHOWN OF DETECTORS ON THE FOUR-LANE DIVIDED HIGHWAY. THE SPEED DETECTORS ARE SPACED FROM 12 TO 36 FEET APART TO PROVIDE A KNOWN DISTANCE FOR SPEED TIMING. VEHICLE DETECTORS ARE CONNECTED BY EXTENSION CABLES TO PLACEMENT RELAYS AND TO SEVERAL CONTROL RELAYS FOR EACH LANE OF DATA RECORDING. THE DATA WHICH ARE AUTOMATICALLY RECORDED FOR EACH VEHICLE ARE SPEED, TRANSVERSE PLACEMENT REFERENCED TO A DESIGNATED TRAFFIC LANE, AND TIME OF DAY EACH VEHICLE PASSES THE POINT OF OBSERVATION. ALL OF THE DATA ARE RECORDED THE INSTANT THE FRONT AXLE OF EACH VEHICLE PASSES THE SECOND SPEED DETECTOR. USING AN ELECTRONIC DIGITAL COMPUTER, VEHICLE SPEED IS CALCULATED FROM THE TRAVEL TIME AND THE DISTANCE BETWEEN DETECTOR TUBES, THE POSITION OF THE CENTER OF THE VEHICLE IS COMPUTED FROM THE WHEEL PLACEMENTS, AND TIME SPACINGS BETWEEN VEHICLES ARE DETERMINED. THE COMPUTER IS ALSO USED TO DETERMINE THE SPEED AND THE TRANSVERSE AND TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL POSITIONS OF EACH VEHICLE RELATIVE TO ALL OTHER VEHICLES WHICH ARE AHEAD, BEHIND OR ADJACENT TO IT. A TECHNICAL FIELD SETUP OF THE EQUIPMENT ON A 6-LANE DIVIDED CONNECTICUT TURNPIKE IS SHOWN IN A FIGURE. SPEED, PLACEMENT AND HEADWAY DATA WERE OBTAINED FOR A TOTAL OF 183,000 MOTOR VEHICLES FOR NINE DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF DELINEATION AND ILLUMINATION DURING DAY AND NIGHT. THE EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN USED FOR SUCH STUDIES AS THE EFFECT ON TRAFFIC OPERATION OF VARIOUS SHOULDER WIDTHS AND TYPES, THE EFFECT OF EDGE MARKING ON TRAFFIC OPERATION, LATERAL PLACEMENT GUIDES FOR THE AASHO ROAD TEST, EFFECT OF MEDIAN DIVIDERS ON DRIVER BEHAVIOR AND HIGHWAY CAPACITY, AND THE TRUCK EQUIVALENT FACTOR ON VARIOUS HIGHWAYS. MORE RECENTLY IT IS BEING UTILIZED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE SPACE THAT SMALL CARS OCCUPY IN THE TRAFFIC STREAM. THE ACCURACY OF THE MOBILE TRAFFIC ANALYZER UNIT HAS CAUSED IT TO BECOME RELIED UPON AS THE STANDARD MEASURE IN ITS FIELD.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 01:45:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/118049</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>A GYRATORY COMPACTOR FOR MOLDING LARGE DIAMETER TRIAXIAL SPECIMENS OF GRANULAR MATERIALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/117533</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A MECHANICAL GYRATORY COMPACTOR IS DESCRIBED WHICH WAS DEVELOPED FOR LABORATORY FABRICATION OF 6-INCH DIAMETER BY 12-INCH HIGH TRIAXIAL TEST SPECIMENS OF GRANULAR MATERIALS. A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPACTOR IS PRESENTED AS WELL AS A DETAILED DISCUSSION OF THE COMPACTOR OPERATION. FABRICATION DRAWINGS OF THE COMPACTOR ARE NOT INCLUDED, BUT THEY ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. OPERATION IS SEMIAUTOMATIC AND REQUIRES NO MANUAL EFFORT ON THE PART OF THE OPERATOR. AN IMPORTANT FEATURE OF THE COMPACTOR IS THE WIDE LATITUDE IN THE APPLIED COMPACTIVE EFFORT, IT CAN BE VARIED BY CHANGING THE MAGNITUDE OF THE VERTICAL PRESSURE, THE ANGLE OF GYRATION, THE SPEED OF GYRATION, AND THE NUMBER OF GYRATIONS. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FOR OBTAINING A MEASURE OF THE COMPACTIVE EFFORT IS INCLUDED ON THE COMPACTOR. IT IS NECESSARY TO DEVELOP SPECIAL COMPACTION MOLDS SUCH AS OF CERAMIC-LINED STEEL. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 01:32:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/117533</guid>
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