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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Data driven multi-objective optimization of the scheduling for towing a floating offshore wind turbine between assembly port and installation location throughout a year</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2522437</link>
      <description><![CDATA[High demand for the installation of floating offshore wind turbines over the coming years is likely to place significant pressure on ports and installation vessels. Optimization of the routes between ports and farms and the towing schedule when transporting equipment is therefore critical to reducing operation timescales and carbon emissions. This paper presents two series of multi-objective optimizations for minimizing the timescale and carbon emissions for the case of an IEA 15 MW turbine on a VolturnUS-S platform being wet towed through the English Channel to the Celtic Sea. The study makes use of the Maritime Simulation Laboratory (MSL) Ship Simulator to develop an empirical model of the floating offshore wind turbine being towed under different wind conditions. This is then combined with bathymetry data and historical metocean data from the year 2021 to perform the optimizations. The optimization results are used to feed a second optimization that creates a schedule reducing both emissions and cumulated towing time during a whole year for different number of floating offshore wind turbines.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Mar 2025 16:58:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2522437</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Data-driven Bayesian analysis of marine accidents in the English Channel</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2463848</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The English Channel, renowned for its heavy traffic and challenging conditions, frequently witnesses marine accidents. To understand the causal mechanisms and identify risk factors, this study analyzed 833 accidents from 2017 to 2022, employing a Bayesian network predictive model. Validation using log loss, quadratic loss, and spherical gain metrics confirmed the model’s accuracy. The research elucidates the primary influences on accident occurrence: ship type, tonnage, accident location, and flag state. Ship-related factors surpass environmental ones in significance. Older ships face heightened risks of mechanical failures and collisions, especially in adverse weather with limited visibility. Yachts and fishing vessels are particularly susceptible to fire, explosion, collision, and grounding incidents. The study offers theoretical guidance for management departments to devise prevention strategies and enhance navigation safety in the English Channel.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Dec 2024 15:27:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2463848</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>The Solent Strait: Water quality trends within a heavily trafficked marine environment, 2000 to 2020</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2210478</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study presents an important long-term historical analysis of water quality in an internationally crucial waterway (the Solent, Hampshire, UK), in the context of increasing adoption of open-loop Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems by shipping. The pollutants studied were acidification (pH), zinc, and benzo [a] pyrene, alongside temperature. The authors compared baseline sites to locations likely to be impacted by pollution. The Solent's average water temperature is slightly increasing, with temperatures at wastewater sites significantly higher. Acidification suggests a complex story, with a highly significant small overall increase in pH during the study period but significantly different values at wastewater and port sites. Zn concentrations have significantly reduced but increased in enclosed waters such as marinas. BaP showed no long-term trend with values at marinas significantly and consistently higher. The findings provide valuable long-term background data and insights that can feed into the upcoming review of the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive and ongoing discussions about the regulation of, and future monitoring and management strategies for coastal/marine waterways.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Sep 2023 14:46:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2210478</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A context-aware approach for vessels’ trajectory prediction</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2197171</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An accurate vessel trajectory prediction can improve safety management at sea. Although the vessels' trajectories can be affected by complex and high dimensional context factors such as wind, wave size, and current, the research in incorporating them in trajectory prediction is still burgeoning. This paper proposes a context-aware data-driven framework for vessel trajectory prediction. In this regard, trajectories are enriched with context information at the first stage. This includes evaluating methods of trajectory annotation. Next, feature selection techniques are applied to solve the problems caused by high dimensionality, i.e., incensement in the complexity and the computational load. Finally, selected factors are used in a Context-aware Long Short-Term Memory (CLSTM) network. The implementations on the Automatic Identification System (AIS), weather, and ocean condition dataset around the English Channel collected during February 2016, indicated that the spline interpolation is suitable for trajectory annotation. Water depth, wave direction, and height are the most influencing context in vessels’ data-driven movement prediction. The predictions made by the proposed framework are 15.31% more accurate than the prediction of a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. Therefore, the proposed context-aware trajectory prediction framework might suit maritime systems and applications like collision avoidance, vessel route planning, and anomaly detection.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2023 16:46:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2197171</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Future-proof ferries for English Channel</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1670147</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A new generation of ferries has been ordered in China to serve passenger and freight traffic on the busiest and shortest crossing of the English Channel, writes David Tinsley.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Dec 2019 11:48:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1670147</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The iconic Torrey Canyon oil spill of 1967 - Marking its legacy</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1533552</link>
      <description><![CDATA[March 2017 marks the 50th anniversary of the SS Torrey Canyon oil spill and cleanup, off the Cornwall coast in the English Channel. It was the world's first major supertanker disaster. It was a signature event in the marine pollution field, especially related to oil spill response and the initiation of scientific studies of monitoring and researching the fate and effects of oil in the sea. This paper recalls this event, notes the authors' growing understanding of marine pollution and global efforts for cleaner seas, and encourages further work on both oil and the many emerging environmental issues affecting the marine environment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Oct 2018 15:43:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1533552</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Marine Accident Brief: Fire on board Vehicle Carrier Honor, February 24, 2017</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1506658</link>
      <description><![CDATA[About 0300 local time on February 24, 2017, the US-flagged roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) vehicle carrier Honor was en route from Southampton, England, to Baltimore, Maryland, when a fire broke out in the upper vehicle deck. The fire was extinguished by the crew using the vessel’s CO₂ fixed firefighting system. One injury was attributed to the firefighting efforts. The accident resulted in extensive damage, amounting to more than $700,000, to the Honor’s hold as well its cargo of about 5,000 vehicles. No pollution resulted from the accident. ​The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the fire on board the vehicle carrier Honor was a fault in the starter motor solenoid in one of the personally owned vehicles being transported in the vessel’s cargo space.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2018 14:09:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1506658</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Atmospheric emissions of European SECA shipping: long-term projections</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1411841</link>
      <description><![CDATA[We modeled the projections of the major atmospheric emissions from shipping of the European sulphur emission control area that includes the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, and the English Channel until 2040. Emission projections were calculated separately for every ship on annual basis, and the model took into account traffic growth, fleet renewal, and the forthcoming regulations. The regulation on sulfur content of ship fuels will drastically decrease the emissions of sulfur oxides and particulate matter (PM2.5). As the regulation on nitrogen oxides (NOx) only affects the new diesel engines, the decrease in emissions will be seen parallel with the fleet renewal. Globally internalized limits will turn NOx emissions to decrease with moderate traffic growth. However, by designating the Baltic Sea and the North Sea as NOx emission control areas, more drastic decrease would occur. CO2 emissions will stay almost constant through the studied timeline. Results show that European Commission's CO2 target for 2050 will not be reached without implementation of market based measures among the North Sea and the Baltic Sea fleets. Results present new information for decision makers to further develop international regulations of shipping especially in the Baltic Sea and the North Sea.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Jul 2016 10:48:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1411841</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Effects of More Stringent Sulphur Requirements for Sea Transports</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1340409</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has decided on more stringent requirements for the sulphur emissions from sea transports in the European sulphur emission control area (SECA) from 2015. The SECA comprises the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the English Channel. The new regulation is assumed to lead to higher sea transport costs. The cost increases differ between different types of ships depending on the sulphur level of the marine fuel used today. The paper analyses how the increase of sea transport cost influences the national and international Swedish freight transports. Key questions are to what extent sea transports are redistributed from the SECA to the seas outside of SECA and to what extent mode shifts from sea to land can be expected. Related questions are how the choice of transport chains, port choice and route choice within the different modes are affected. Many different scenarios are studied as the technical development is uncertain, i.e. if the shipping companies use cleaner more expensive marine fuel, switch to other energy sources, like liquid natural gas or methanol, or use srubbers to reduce the sulphur emissions. It is neither obvious how the developments on the market for marine fuel will influence the diesel prices for trucks and how the track fees for rail transports will develop. Simulations are carried out using the national freight transport model Samgods. The model comprises a logistics module and is based on the aggregated-disaggregated-aggregated approach. Shippers’ annual logistics costs are minimized. Choice of shipment size and transport chain is modelled taking into account economies of scale and consolidation within and between the modes and consolidation. Transport demand is assumed to be constant. The paper is based on studies that the authors have carried out on behalf of the Maritime Administration (Vierth, Lord & Mellin, VTI-notat 15-2009) and Transport analysis (Vierth, Mellin & Karlsson, VTI-notat 33-2013). These two studies have been published as Swedish reports.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2015 10:27:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1340409</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Who'll pay the ferryman?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1137923</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SeaFrance's UK MD, Robin Wilkins, has been involved in English Channel ferry operations for 25 years and feels he has more to give--if the right job offer comes along, as he tells David Mott.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 May 2012 08:31:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1137923</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Passenger/vehicle ferry focus switches to Western English Channel</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/933868</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Sep 2010 11:15:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/933868</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Restructuring to Grow in a Competitive World</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/912938</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The prospect of English Channel cross traffic having on-track competition has been created with the opening of the international passenger services market. Eurostar, which has been providing high-speed rail service between London, Paris, and Brussels for fifteen years, has responded by making restructuring to be a stand-alone company its top priority. The author examines relevant issues for Eurostar, including the overnight transfer of its London terminus from Waterloo to St. Pancras in November 2007, as well as progressive reform, response to liberalization, expansion and growth, connections, fleet renewal strategy, and development of a domestic high speed network in the United Kingdom. An insert provides information on Eurostar's "Tread Lightly" environmental initiative.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2010 10:58:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/912938</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cross-channel success : LD Lines considering second high-speed freight ferry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/906054</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Incat's Justin Merrigan talks about LD Lines' success using the 112m Norman Arrow on its English Channel service between Dover, U.K., and Boulogne, France.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 2009 08:20:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/906054</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The end of a cross-Channel era in Dover</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/903637</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Nov 2009 07:29:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/903637</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LD Lines introduces Incat 112m wavepiercer</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/898236</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2009 15:44:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/898236</guid>
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