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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>MECHANICAL PROTECTION GUIDELINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/412504</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This manual provides guidance to Area Committee members on how best to employ mechanical protection methods, such as booms and barriers, when designing workable protection strategies. It gives guidelines for identifying and prioritizing areas with sensitive habitats, fish and wildlife resources, and human-use resources, including sample formats for mapping and describing sensitive areas that optimize maps' operational usefulness. The manual describes the types of shoreline protection measures available to protect sensitive resources, emphasizing the limits and requirements of each protection measure. Guidance is also given for developing site-specific protection strategies, including equipment and logistics needed, operational constraints, and physical conditions at the site. This manual is a planning rather than a response tool.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/412504</guid>
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      <title>GEOHYDROLOGY AND POSSIBLE TRANSPORT ROUTES OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN HAIKU VALLEY, OAHU, HAWAII; WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/412492</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The report discusses geohydrologic evidence of ground-water and surface-water movement and sediment transport in an effort to identify routes by which water-borne contaminants may be transported within and beyond Haiku Valley. Specifically, the report describes the geologic framework of the valley and the bearing it has on the movement of ground water, and water budget of the Haiku Valley basin, the exchange between ground water and surface water, and the movement of sediment by surface water. The concentration of PCBs carried in suspended stream sediment is also described.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/412492</guid>
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      <title>TRANSPORT AND TRANSFORMATION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM THROUGH SOILS AND INTO GROUND WATER; JOURNAL ARTICLE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/405938</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A detailed characterization of the underlying and adjacent soils of a chromeplating shop was performed to provide information on the extent of soil and aquifer contamination at the site on the potential for off-site migration and environmental impact. Intact, moist cores were obtained from more than 40 different locations, resulting in more than 200 discrete samples for total metal analysis, selective extraction tests, and adsorption-reduction experiments, to assess the chemical speciation and distribution of chromium on the contaminated soils and its leaching potential. Surface analytical techniques were also used to determine chemical speciation and to further elucidate mineral fractions responsible for retention of the chromium on the soils and sediments. Adsorption and reduction capacities of the saturated aquifer sediments were variable and low, while the unsaturated soils' reduction capacities were much greater and were correlated with depth (decreasing capacity with increasing depth). The soils' adsorption and reduction capacities were eventually overwhelmed, however, and permitted the passage of Cr(VI) into the underlying ground water. (Copyright (c) 1994 AEHS).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Oct 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/405938</guid>
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      <title>PROCEEDINGS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL OIL SPILL R AND D FORUM (1ST). HELD IN MCLEAN, VIRGINIA ON JUNE 1-4, 1992; FINAL REPT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/406062</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The First International Oil Spill R and D Forum was held in McLean, VA during June 1-4, 1992. Its purpose was to provide an opportunity for information exchange among the international oil pollution research community in order to promote cooperation on R and D. Cooperation on R and D is mandated by Section 7001 of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and Article 8 of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation of 1990. The Forum included plenary sessions and breakout sessions on the following topics:  surveillance and remote sensing, fate and modeling, chemical countermeasures, mechanical recovery, effects, decision support systems, bioremediation, in-situ burning.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Oct 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/406062</guid>
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      <title>OIL SPILL CASE HISTORIES, 1967-1991: SUMMARIES OF SIGNIFICANT U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL SPILLS; FINAL REPT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/406046</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Discussions between the USCG Research and Development Center and NOAA concluded that, by providng insights into past experiences, a database of oil spill case histories might be beneficial to the USCG, NOAA, and other agencies involved in spill response and contingency planning.  These case histories, developed with significant funding and consultation from the USCG Research and Development Center, are intended as references to be read as planning aids for insights into scientific and operational decision-making, and to ensure that particular strategic elements are properly addressed in contingency planning.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Oct 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/406046</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LIVABLE STREETS AND PERCEIVED ACCIDENT RISK: QUALITY-OF-LIFE ISSUES FOR RESIDENTS AND VULNERABLE ROAD-USERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/372228</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper stems from a research proposal into the effects of traffic levels on the environmental quality of urban streets. The author focuses on the relationship between traffic levels and livable streets, and attempts to draw a causal link between perceived accident risk, community severance and mortality rates as compounding evidence of the degree to which quality-of-life is diminished by unacceptably high levels of traffic.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Oct 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/372228</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>BICYCLES IN ECOLOGICAL CITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/378292</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The bicycle is the most energy-efficient form of transportation known; it creates no air pollution, takes up little space, and offers a flexibility which makes it faster and more attractive than public transit for many trips.  Developments which might better enhance increased bicycle commuting are bike routes, park-and-ride stations, and lockers and showers for bicyclists. Los Angeles, along with all cities in the South Coast Air Basin, has begun taking steps to encourage bicycling as a viable means of transportation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 May 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/378292</guid>
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      <title>AREAS: A COMPUTER CODE FOR ESTIMATING AIR POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS FROM DISPERSED SOURCES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/77654</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The AREAS area-source computer code, written in FORTRAN IV, is described and listed. This code, which runs in less than 7 seconds on the IBM 360/91 computer, estimates annual-average concentrations of an air pollutant at ground level in each of 400 grid squares in a 20 by 20 area reference grid. AREAS can be used for multiple, dispersed sources located in each of the 400 grid squares by treating them as area sources. Required input includes 20 by 20 arrays of annual-average point-source chi/Q values generated by use of a point-source model or computer code for specific grid sizes relative to the size of the area reference grid. AREAS can be applied to any size area for which a uniform meteorology can be assumed. It has been applied to dispersed emissions of fossil fuel combustion products and automobile emissions in Roane County, Tennessee, and to the atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides emitted from the tailings piles of uranium mills. (ERA citation 03:043559)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Dec 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/77654</guid>
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      <title>ANALYSIS OF PLUME RISE FROM JET AIRCRAFT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/89140</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Preliminary results of an investigation of the behavior of buoyant jet engine exhaust plumes in a crosswind are discussed and attempts are made to identify the degree to which the plume rise can be described by relationships developed for other types of sources. At least four factors affect the rate of dilution of jet exhaust before it reaches receptors adjacent to taxiways or runways: (1) turbulent mixing of the jet exhaust at the engine exit; (2) buoyant plume rise; (3) advective dilution; and (4) dispersion by ambient turbulence. Observational studies of plumes generally allow only one or two separate processes to be measured, although the bending of an exhaust plume from its original release axis until it is aligned with the prevailing wind direction is also observable. This change in orientation may also be viewed as the transition from plume dilution dominated by the first mechanism to dilution controlled by the latter three. For this reason, the maximum length of the highly turbulent jet trail as a function of wind speed is of interest. Theoretical descriptions of plume bending and plume rise are discussed. Estimates of the maximum distances of dominance of jet exhaust mechanical turbulence are made for taxiing aircraft. The precision of measurement of the initiation time of each aircraft passage event was not adequate for analysis of differences between expected arrival times for CO at the first tower under alternate plume bending hypotheses. Thus, although these alternative descriptions of aircraft plume bending are given, the present comparisons with experimental evidence are restricted to the phenomenon of plume rise.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Oct 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/89140</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>QUANTIFYING THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PARTICULATE DEPOSITION FROM DRY UNPAVED ROADWAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/82988</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Airborne dust is the air pollutant most frequently observed to exceed National Ambient Air Quality Standards in rural areas. This pollutant (also referred to as suspended particulates) may originate from point sources (e.g., large areas of bare soil or pollen-producing vegetation.) Most sources of atmospheric particulates, whether natural or anthropogenic, are difficult to quantify by means of a source strength (i.e., mass of particulates emitted per unit time). A numerical model was developed for calculating the source strength and quantifying the atmospheric transport and eposition of dust generated on unpaved roadways. This model satisfies the second-order differential equation for the diffusion process and also the equation of mass conservation. Input to the model includes meterological variables, surface roughness characteristics, and the size distribution and suspended particulate concentration of dust as sampled downwind of an unpaved roadway. By using predetermined tolerance levels of airborne concentrations or tolerance levels of deposition, maximum allowable vehicular traffic volume can be established. The model also may be used to estimate reduction in photosynthesis resulting from fugitive dust from point or line sources. The contributing ion to sedimentation in aquatic bodies, resulting from airborne particulates also may be assessed with this model.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/82988</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>URBAN DESIGN AND PUBLIC EXPOSURE TO CARBON MONOXIDE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/50955</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The air pollutant carbon monoxide (CO) is produced by incomplete combustion in motor vehicles, space heating, industrial processes, and incineration. Current research indicates that higher density residential developments, because they lead to reduced demand for fuels for home heating and transportation, tend to lower total carbon monoxide emissions. However, it is in these same areas that concentrations of CO are the highest because of the density of emitters. Since carbon monoxide standards specify maximum allowable concentrations rather than emissions, they tend to deter further development in locations where concentrations are already high - i.e., high density downtown areas. This deterrent effect contributes to greater total emissions of carbon monoxide; hence, it may be desirable to devise a means of controlling the public's risk of exposure to high CO levels in downtown areas without deterring new center city residential development. In protecting the public from the risk of exposure to damaging levels of carbon monoxide, two approaches are possible; the pollutant's concentration may be lowered by traffic management measures or the public's rate of exposure may be reduced through urban design features. The present emphasis on traffic management stresses improving the flow and reducing the level of traffic, goals that are extremely costly to achieve in downtown areas. This paper examines ways to reduce risk of exposure by the physical design of new downtown residential developments. The concept is not a novel one, having been successfully implemented in industry to provide occupational health and safety. (ERA citation 02:025274)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/50955</guid>
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