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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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    <item>
      <title>Inspector General Review of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Fiscal Year 2018 Drug Control Funds and Performance Summary Reporting</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1595438</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Under the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) Circular Accounting of Drug Control Funding and Performance Summary (Circular), when drug-related obligations total less than $50 million and a detailed accounting would be an unreasonable burden, agencies may submit alternative reports. For this reason, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) submitted alternative Drug Control Obligation Summary and the Performance Summary reports. The U.S. Department of Transportation Office of Inspector General (OIG) reviewed the reports and related management assertions to determine the reliability of those assertions in compliance with the Circular in all material respects. Specifically, OIG reviewed selected accounting internal controls to determine whether drug control funds were properly identified in the accounting system. In addition, OIG reviewed NHTSA’s internal controls for performance measures to gain an understanding of how the measures were developed. OIG limited their review processes to inquiries and analytical procedures appropriate for an attestation review according to the Circular’s criteria. OIG found that NHTSA’s Drug Control Obligation Summary report identified $11,013,185 in total obligations. When OIG traced those obligations to the Department of Transportation’s accounting system and underlying contracts, they found no exceptions. The performance target in NHTSA’s Performance Summary report for fiscal year 2018 was to complete testing of oral fluid drug screening devices by determining the sensitivity, specificity, and false positive and false negative rates for each device tested. NHTSA indicated that it met its performance target. Based on this review, OIG is not aware of any material modifications that should be made to NHTSA’s fiscal year 2018 Drug Control Obligation Summary and Performance Summary reports in order for them to be in accordance with the Circular.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Apr 2019 10:58:53 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Inspector General Review of the Federal Aviation Administration’s Fiscal Year 2018 Drug Control Funds and Performance Summary Reporting</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1592032</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Under the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) Circular, Accounting of Drug Control Funding and Performance Summary (Circular), when drug-related obligations total less than $50 million and a detailed accounting would be an unreasonable burden, agencies may submit alternative reports. For this reason, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) submitted alternative Drug Control Obligation Summary and the Performance Summary Reports. The U.S. Department of Transportation Office of Inspector General (OIG) reviewed the reports and related management assertions to determine the reliability of those assertions in compliance with the Circular in all material respects. OIG conducted their review in accordance with generally accepted Government auditing standards for attestation engagements. Specifically, OIG reviewed selected accounting internal controls to determine whether drug control funds were properly identified in the accounting system. In addition, OIG reviewed FAA’s internal controls for performance measures to gain an understanding of how the measures were developed. OIG limited their review processes to inquiries and analytical procedures appropriate for an attestation review according to the Circular’s criteria. FAA’s Drug Control Obligation Summary report identified $18,809,602 of obligations from two of FAA’s drug control decision units. When OIG traced those obligations, they found no exceptions. The performance targets in FAA’s Performance Summary report for fiscal year 2018 were to: initiate regulatory investigations on 95 percent of all airmen involved in the sale or distribution of illegal drugs within 30 days of knowledge of a conviction or notification by law enforcement; ensure the aviation industry conducts random drug and alcohol testing of safety sensitive employees with results not exceeding 1 percent positives for drugs and 0.5 percent positives for alcohol; and conduct 1,205 drug and alcohol inspections of the aviation industry to ensure compliance with Federal regulations. FAA indicated that it met its performance targets. FAA conducted the activities in its alternative reports in accordance with a past Circular, instead of the current May 8, 2018 version. OIG conducted their review using the current version, and did not identify any issues with FAA’s accounting of drug control activities or compliance with ONDCP’s current standards. Based on their review, OIG is not aware of any material modifications that should be made to FAA’s FY2018 Drug Control Obligations Summary and Performance Summary reports in order for them to be in accordance with the Circular.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 2019 09:54:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1592032</guid>
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      <title>Agencies grapple with issues involving use of synthetic drugs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1481725</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Sep 2017 10:00:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1481725</guid>
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      <title>Prevalance of synthetic cannabinoid use among persons undergoing drug testing for cannabis</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1470345</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are often perceived as a legal alternative to cannabis and an important motive for consumption is the presumptive non-detectability in drug tests. In most cases of abstinence control ordered by court or driving license regranting cases, SCs are not covered in the drug panel analyzed. So far, only little is known about the proportion of participants in abstinence programmes switching to consumption of SCs, hereby bypassing the demand for abstinence. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of SC consumption among people undergoing abstinence control. The study data show that consumption of SCs by persons undergoing abstinence control programs is a frequent phenomenon among certain populations, with a higher number of “THC substituters” among court sanction cases (CSC) as compared to driving licence regranting cases (DLRC) and regional disparities. Consequently, analysis for these compounds should not be neglected in drug screening programs. It has to be noted that the majority of the compounds consumed were SCs of the latest generation, and analysis should be carried out applying comprehensive, up-to-date LC-MS/MS analysis rather than immunochemical assays. (A)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Jul 2017 09:57:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1470345</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NTSB seeks industry's help to stem synthetic drug use</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1386042</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2016 11:58:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1386042</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Drug-Impaired Driving: Additional Support Needed for Public Awareness Initiatives</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1344556</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The issue of alcohol-impaired driving has received broad attention over the years, but drug-impaired driving also contributes to fatalities and injuries from traffic crashes. However, knowledge about the drug-impaired-driving problem is less advanced than for alcohol-impaired driving. Through Senate Report No. 113-45 (2013), Congress required the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to report on the strategies the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA), the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), and states have taken to address drug-impaired driving and challenges they face in detecting and reducing such driving. This report discusses (1) what is known about the extent of drug-impaired driving in the United States; (2) challenges that exist for federal, state, and local agencies in addressing drug-impaired driving; and (3) actions federal and state agencies have taken to address drug-impaired driving and what gaps exist in the federal response. GAO reviewed literature to identify sources of data on drug-impaired driving; reviewed documentation and interviewed officials from NHTSA, ONDCP, and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS); and interviewed officials from relevant advocacy and professional organizations and seven selected states. States were selected based on: legal status of marijuana, proximity to states with legalized marijuana, and drugged-driving laws. GAO recommends that NHTSA take additional actions to support states in emphasizing to the public the dangers of drug-impaired driving. The Department of Transportation (DOT) agreed with GAO’s recommendation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2015 13:46:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1344556</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Judge rules for Union Pacific in Mexico border smuggling</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1127771</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Feb 2012 14:39:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1127771</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Union Pacific, CBP settle drug-smuggling dispute</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1117709</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Oct 2011 11:25:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1117709</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Railroads face steep fines when criminals hide drugs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1108424</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Aug 2011 14:04:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1108424</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>The drug hub : L.A. IMPACT's air support is vital link in regional solution</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1090019</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Feb 2011 13:09:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1090019</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The war on drugs</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1085608</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: A crackdown on drug trafficking in containers in Argentina--leading to every box being scanned on some trade routes--has caused major congestion problems for all ocean carriers using terminals in Buenos Aires. Robert Ward reports.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Dec 2010 10:22:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1085608</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Tall timbers : WAPAW pulls cannabis from the trees</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/985735</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Nov 2010 12:25:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/985735</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEA grounds drugs from the skies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/933773</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: A fleet of aircraft helps the DEA in carrying out its mission of enforcing the controlled substances laws of the U.S.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Sep 2010 11:13:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/933773</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DHS's drug war dilemma</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/891588</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Crackdown on traffic to Mexico could come at expense of trade facilitation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jun 2009 12:30:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/891588</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>New ways of boosting detection</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/884901</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Manufacturers are enlisting microwave and ion technologies in the latest equipment to detect explosives and narcotics at airports.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2009 13:55:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/884901</guid>
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