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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>HIGH PERFORMANCE MEDIUM-SPEED DIESEL ENGINE OILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/11730</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Presented extensive lubricating oil technology obtained during the development of lubricants for high output medium-speed diesels. The oil requirements for present and future high output medium-speed diesels are analyzed with special emphasis on thermal stability, high temperature detergency, load-carrying capability, and oil life. Describes a study of base stock stability in a specially developed Spiral Coker Test and an evaluation of additive thermal stability in a Helix Coker Test.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Feb 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/11730</guid>
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      <title>MARINE DIESELS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/164522</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The essentials of engine design, construction, operation and maintenance are presented in this introduction to marine diesel engineering.  Contents: Engine fundamentals and thermodynamics; Fuels and combustion; Engine construction; Two-stroke and four-stroke cycle engines; Combustion chambers and related systems; Fuel and fuel injection systems; Governors; Cooling and lubrication systems; Starting and reversing systems; Troubleshooting.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/164522</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>CRANKCASE OIL--MAINTENANCE AND TREATMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/155397</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Modern marine Diesel engines, with their high operating pressures and temperatures, require, sophisticated crankcase oils, and to keep the performance levels of these oils close to the original levels and avoid operational problems, careful oil-maintenance procedures must be followed.  In this paper, various aspects of Mobil's experience and views of the maintenance of modern crankcase oils are described under the headings:--1. Functions and Properties of Crankcase Oils related to Oil Maintenance.  2. Typical Bearing Failures Caused by Abnormally Contaminated Crankcase Oils (1--Bearing Corrosion by Sea Water Contamination. 2--Bearing Corrosion Caused by Acids.  3--Bearing Failure Caused by Solid Contaminants).  3. Crankcase Oil Contamination: Sources--Components--Effects (1--Contamination Sources.  2--Contamination Components and Effects: Combustion Products; Water; Fuel; Miscellaneous Contaminants; Catalytic Effect of Contaminants; Particle Size of Contaminants).  4.  Crankcase Oil Treatment (1--Chemical Treatment. 2--Filtration.  3--Centrifuge Oil Treatment.  4--"Aquanul" System for Water Removal).  5. System Oil Volume.  In a concluding section  of the paper, it is mentioned that, for crankcase oil maintenance, the main builders of large crosshead engines have adopted 50-micron full-flow filters and by-pass centrifuges, with an additional coarse filter on the suction side of the pump. This is close to the optimum system if the centrifuge has adequate capacity, but full-flow filters of a finer size than 50 microns would be preferable.  The main builders of medium-speed Diesels have adopted full-flow filters with pore sizes ranging from 10 to 40 microns, and in addition a finer filter and/or a centrifuge is installed in a by-pass. For these engines, the optimum system is considered to be a full-flow filter of 8-10 micron size, with a by-pass centrifuge of adequate capacity.  The centrifuge is essential for the removal of water.  Order from BSRA as No. 53,479.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/155397</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>APPLICATION OF NEW TIMING LUBRICATING SYSTEM AND ITS RUNNING RESULTS ON KAWASAKI-MAN TWO-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/161792</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper presents the development of a new cylinder lubricating timing system of simple design.  Experiments on test engine, preliminary shop tests and on board tests are described and the test data presented.  The results confirmed that the system was reliable and showed no signs of wear or damage.  The discussion on the paper is included. Order from NSFI as No. 19809.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/161792</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>CROSSHEAD DIESEL CYLINDER LUBRICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/151863</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Author discusses the requirements that a cylinder lubricating oil for marine crosshead Diesel engines should meet, and describes the performance both of Mobilgard 580, an oil developed for the most advanced crosshead engines, and of Mobilgard 570.  Accelerated testing for the evaluation of premium cylinder oils under shipboard conditions, carried out by instrumenting two cylinders of a high-output crosshead engine in the Mobil Engineer, is also described together with some long-term shipboard testing, and some results are included for both these oils.  The paper is arranged under the main headings:--1. Engine Lubrication Requirements.  2. Engine Cleanliness (Pistons; Valve Deposits; Port Deposits; Liner Cleanliness).  3. Wear Protection (Oil Film; Corrosive Wear; Abrasive Wear; Seizure Wear; Additive Stability; Low Sulphur Fuel and Scuffing). 4. New Generation Mobilgard 580 (Low Volatility; Thermal and Oxidative Stability; Acid Neutralising Ability; Port Deposits; Load-Carrying Properties).  5. Accelerated Testing in Instrumented Diesel Aboard Ship (Instrumented Cylinders; Scuffing Monitoring; Liner Wear; Piston Ring Wear; Iron Wear from Scrape-Down Oil Analysis).  6. Long-Term Shipboard Testing (Engine Cleanliness; Wear Protection; Proof-of-Performance Testing).  Order from BSRA as No. 53,437.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/151863</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>CROSSHEAD DIESEL ENGINE SYSTEM OILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/151865</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, the basic functions of system lubricating oils for crosshead Diesel engines are explained, and the performance capabilities that such oils must possess, to meet the requirements of present engines and those of the future, are discussed.  The various system-oil requirements considered include:--appropriate viscosity for hydrodynamic and squeeze-film lubrication, plus high load-carrying capacity (to protect crosshead and other bearings) and good oxidation and thermal stability; ability to keep the engine interior and circulation system clean; ability to function properly when contaminated by water, and, because of possible contact with water in the centrifuge, to separate readily without emulsifying or losing additive; neutralisation ability (which depends on more than Total Base No. considerations).  These and other requirements, and the related laboratory-tests on system oils, are discussed with the aid of photographs and diagrams.  The tests include Mobil's special test in which the operational conditions under which crosshead bearings are lubricated are simulated (the Hydraulic Load Rig Test), and also the Mobil tests for measuring various stability characteristics (the Helix Deposit Test and the Spiral Coker Deposit Test).  Some examples of the results of these and other tests are presented, and Mobil's general philosophy on testing these oils is briefly discussed.  Some of the results refer to Mobilgard 300, Mobil's crosshead-engine system oil, and it is mentioned that this oil was developed on the lines described in the paper.  Order from BSRA as No. 53,441.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/151865</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MEDIUM SPEED TRUNK ENGINE LUBRICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/151889</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One reason that the medium-speed Diesel engine has become well accepted for ship propulsion is that it is able to burn blended fuel, and this ability is largely the result of the development of special lubricating oils.  After briefly discussing the properties required in these oils, and the parts played both by the base stock and by additives in providing these properties, the paper describes the development of medium-speed Diesel lubricating oils for severe service (improved Mobilgard 324 and 424 formulations) and others for moderate service (improved Mobilgard 312 and 412 formulations).  These improved oils are commercially available.  There are indications that, for severe operating conditions together with low consumption, a higher TBN may be needed, and a new 40-TBN formulation under development has shown promising results.  Certain future operating conditions may require oils with characteristics not attainable by normal mineral oils, and (following successes with synthetic automotive oils) a 12-TBN synthetic oil is under development for marine use.  The paper includes data from tests on all these oils.  Order from BSRA as No. 53, 436.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/151889</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FUEL AND LUBRICANT QUALITY PARAMETERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/151247</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The development of economical Diesels largely depends on the availability of Heavy Fuel Oil.  This paper was presented from an oil industry's viewpoint, with emphasis on (i) fuels, (ii) crosshead engine cylinder oils, (iii) crosshead engine system oils, (iv) medium-speed trunk-type Diesels, and (v) high-speed Diesels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Aug 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/151247</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MODERN MARINE DIESEL ENGINE LUBRICANTS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/151995</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper reviews the development and evaluation of lubricants for marine diesel engines, and how properly formulated lubricants can control critical engine wear and deposits.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/151995</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FUEL CONSERVING LUBRICANTS FOR DIESEL ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154161</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The literature reports that diesel engines respond to lubricants optimized in viscometrics and composition to reduce metal-to-metal friction and fuel comsumption. Conservation of the world's hydrocarbons requires that lubricants be so optimized.  This study shows that mineral-based lubricants for high- and medium-speed diesel engines can be formulated to improve fuel economy by incorporating suitable additives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154161</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE CONTROL OF CONTAMINANTS IN CIRCULATING ENGINE LUBRICATING OIL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/150662</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Proper lubrication filtration is essential if maintenance and reliability costs of mechanical systems are to be minimized. Filtering too little can cause high rates of wear and costly failures, while filtering too much can cause excessive maintenance costs. Better understanding is required such that the optimum level of filtration, between these two extremes, can be achieved. Optimum filtration is equally desirable even in the presence of an on-line wear monitoring system. For this reason a theory of filtration has been developed and is presented herein. This is the only theoretical treatment applicable to tribology, although an alternative purely empirical model due to Fitch is also available. In contrast to the empirical approach, the results are not dependent on a specific particle size distribution ('AC Fine Test Dust'), and the effect of governing parameters (filter grain size and void fraction, fluid flow rate and viscosity, etc.) can be predicted. The predictions of the theory are consistent with physical reasoning and the known properties of filters. The basic concepts developed can be directly applied to Naval lubrication systems, with a very quick pay-back in terms of reduced maintenance and reliability costs. A goal is to set up procedures such that optimum filtration can be achieved in Naval ship lubrication systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/150662</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEVELOPMENT OF MITSUI MEDIUM SPEED ENGINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/143015</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Company have developed a new, four-stroke, medium-speed Diesel engine designated L/V 42 M as a main propulsion plant for marine applications. The main features of the engine, which has a cylinder output of 750 bhp are; strong and sturdy frame structure; easy maintenance; and simplified lubricating oil and cooling water lines.  In this paper, the structural characteristics which have realized these aims are described, and the results of bench tests are presented and discussed.  The paper concludes with some comments on the various types of reduction gearing which are available for the new engine. Order from BSRA as No. 51,753.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/143015</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF MARINE LUBRICANTS--ITS DETECTION AND CONTROL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/147054</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A number of theories can be postulated for the escalation in incidents of marine Diesel engine malfunction and associated corrosion.  Whilst the better ability to recognize such problems must account partly for the increase in numbers, there are also a number of other factors contributing towards a real increase, e.g. increased use of non-toxic engine coolant inhibitors, increasing use of sophisticated oil formulations, etc.  This paper seeks to establish a logic to explain this increasing incidence of microbial attack and to suggest precautionary and remedial measures. Some useful non-biological on-board indications are listed and the use of biocides is discussed.  This is regarded as a purely short-term answer to the problem, current thinking being directed towards the reformulation of both lubricants and coolants to make them more resistant to microbial attack.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/147054</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRENDS IN MARINE FUELS AND LUBRICANTS TODAY AND IN THE 1990S</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/147722</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper summarizes crude oil availability and possible future synthetic fuels.  The influence of refining techniques on fuel trends, quality and combustion properties is dealt with in some detail.  Other foreseeable problems of storage, incompatibility and purification are also discussed.  An example of the economics of onboard blending is given.  The influence on lubrication trends by future diesel engine developments, the economics of engine maintenance and the effects of the reduction in ships staff are discussed in some detail for both crosshead and medium speed engines.  An example of synthetic lubrication economics is given and future gas and steam turbine oils and hydraulic fluids are also discussed briefly.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/147722</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ON THE CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF OIL-FILM THICKNESS IN AN ENGINE BEARING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/92647</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper describes research involving the measurement of oil-film thickness in a large end bearing of a medium-sized medium-speed marine diesel engine.  The design of the transducer and its novel signal conditioning circuitry is discussed.  Comparisons are made between the measured results and numerical predictions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Sep 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/92647</guid>
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