<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Advanced framework for post-flood assessment of steel truss bridges under data-constrained conditions: Integrating engineering insights and empirical fragility models</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694423</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Bridges are vital components of a country’s infrastructure, playing a crucial role in transportation networks. However, natural hazards such as floods significantly threaten their stability and serviceability. The increasing frequency and intensity of floods due to climate change have heightened concerns about the serviceability of bridges after the floods. Despite their critical importance and high risk of vulnerability to floods, limited research has examined the failure mechanisms and their contributing factors on steel truss bridges, as one of the most widely used types of bridges. This knowledge gap remains a major challenge in the field. Previous studies have primarily assessed bridge vulnerability to floods through qualitative analyses or finite element modeling, often overlooking the specific failure characteristics of collapsed bridges and their empirical fragility curves. Addressing this limitation, the present study investigates the catastrophic 2019 Poldokhtar flood (one of the most devastating floods in Iran in recent decades) and its impact on eight steel truss bridges. Through extensive field investigations and the development of empirical fragility curves, this research provides a detailed assessment of bridge performance during extreme flood events. The study identifies key failure mechanisms and damage scenarios based on visual inspections, engineering judgment, and empirical analyses. Furthermore, to overcome data scarcity and site-specific uncertainties, this study introduces a novel flood intensity measure relating floodwater height to bridge deck elevation. This practical indicator enables consistent comparison across different hydraulic conditions and serves as a valuable tool for evaluating bridge vulnerability under real-world flood scenarios.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 15:12:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2694423</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reliability assessment of steel bridge elements in terms of the condition ratings under varying environmental conditions: A case study of New Jersey bridges</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672345</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Several studies have evaluated bridge performance over time using statistical and stochastic methodologies and determined the reliability index. However, there are few studies on predicting bridge element painting ratings from bridge age, painting age, and environmental variables. Furthermore, a definitive method for correlating condition ratings with the reliability index is lacking, even though load ratings alone may inadequately represent the structure's actual condition or safety. The primary contribution of this paper is the integration of statistical and stochastic analysis to evaluate the painting rating of steel bridge elements under various conditions and subsequently establish the relationship between the rating and the reliability index. This includes a Monte Carlo simulation of rating distributions and a linear regression model for the mean and standard deviation to predict bridge ratings based on building age and environmental conditions. The analysis is based on NJDOT data and focuses on more than 1300 bridges with varying ages, painting ages, and environmental classifications. Furthermore, the paper conducts a structural reliability analysis by formulating expressions for the load-carrying capacity of the moment, identifying the loads on the bridge components, and proposing a correlation between rating and the reliability index. The primary outcome of this study is a comprehensive reliability framework that simulates the rating progression and structural performance of bridge components. The results demonstrate the impact of the bridge's age and maintenance on its ratings and reliability index over time. This framework facilitates maintenance planning, risk assessment, and long-term infrastructure management.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 14:00:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2672345</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of Effect of Aging on Reflection Cracking in Overlay</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2579847</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of a bituminous overlay for the extension of the service life of the pavement is the most common practice in India. Reflection cracking is a major type of distress observed in overlays constructed with the bituminous mix. Generally, the reflection cracking in a bituminous overlay is generated due to repeated traffic load, thermally induced stresses or strains, and a combination of both. The aging of the bituminous mix is also one of the causes of the formation of reflective cracks in the overlay. However, very limited studies are available on the effect of aging on the reflective cracking resistance of bituminous mix. Therefore, in this study, the effect of short-term aging and long-term aging on reflective cracking resistance of bituminous mixes prepared with viscosity grade bitumen and polymer-modified bitumen were evaluated in Texas Overlay Tester (TOT). The results of the test indicate that the resistance of bituminous mixes to reflective cracking was reduced with an increase in the severity of aging. The bituminous mix prepared with polymer-modified bitumen showed better resistance to reflective cracking caused by aging.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 16:55:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2579847</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Computational Model for Predicting Lift-Off-Induced Buckling in Rail Structures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2632718</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A computational algorithm is developed herein specifically for the purpose of efficiently predicting the onset of environmentally induced buckling in rail structures. Particular emphasis is placed on the ability for railway engineers to remotely obtain accurate on-the-fly information regarding the buckling resistance of in-the-field track sections experiencing a wide variety of buckling enhancing environmental conditions. The effects of such conditions considered within the model include (1) both lateral and longitudinal track walk; (2) uneven track structure settlement; (3) mud pumping; (4) ineffective or broken spikes; (5) track lift-off; and (6) nonlinear ballast–crosstie interfacial friction. As such, the algorithm developed herein is envisioned to be remotely accessible by track engineers either by the World Wide Web or a cellphone app. As described in the paper, the model may be considered to be an extension of previous efforts spanning much of the twentieth century, and particularly should be considered as an extension of an existing three-degree-of-freedom model. Building on both previous analytic and computational solutions, a finite-element model is developed for the purpose of predicting buckling as a function of the track and support structure material properties, the track and support system geometries, the applied track loading, and the initial lateral displacement within the track. Particular emphasis is placed on nonlinearity and history dependence of the track environment. The resulting algorithm is deployed herein to solve problems demonstrating usefulness of the model, especially the effects of degradation in track performance on lift-off-induced bucking.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 11:20:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2632718</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Dependence models and Gamma process for single-defect deterioration of a rock-armored groyne under ship-wave attack</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2695177</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Infrastructures are facing growing challenges due to their aging process while climate change and evolution of traffic and shipping fleets are increasing the uncertainty of loadings in the future. This study proposes a method to assess the survivability of structures with gradual deterioration under changing loading scenarios based on field data. The methodology is applied to the armor deterioration of a rock-armored groyne under ship-wave attack. First, we generate synthetic timeseries of damage by coupling a Poisson distribution to determine the number of passing ships per day, a vine-copula to quantify the multivariate joint distribution of the loading variables that define the primary wave height and a Bernoulli process and a bivariate copula to translate the primary wave height into the increment of damage. Afterwards, these damage curves are used to quantify a Gamma process. Thus, it is possible to conditionalize the joint distribution of the loading variables to generate the damage curves under different loading scenarios and evaluate the effects of these scenarios on the structure’s survivability. We exemplify the use of the methodology to assess the armor deterioration of a rock-armored groyne under ship-wave attack with and without a limitation in the speed velocity in the waterway.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 15:01:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2695177</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>In Situ Performance Monitoring of Bridge Joints Constructed with Rapid-Setting Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2689761</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The effectiveness of Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) relies on the performance and durability of field-placed connections, particularly those utilizing Rapid-Setting Concrete (RSC). While ABC significantly reduces construction time and minimizes traffic disruptions, its success is contingent upon ensuring that these connections exhibit long-term structural integrity and durability under real-world conditions. A primary concern with RSC joints is their susceptibility to environmental and mechanical stressors, including freeze-thaw cycles, chloride ingress from deicing salts, shrinkage-induced cracking, and repeated loading from traffic. These factors can compromise load transfer efficiency, stiffness, and overall durability, leading to higher maintenance demands and potential early-life failures.
One of the key questions facing transportation agencies is whether performance-based specifications for RSC joints are adequately calibrated to address real-world service conditions. While these specifications help ensure quality, they also increase material costs and require extensive laboratory testing and quality control oversight. Given that ABC aims to accelerate construction without compromising long-term resilience, a critical knowledge gap remains regarding how well RSC joints perform under in-service conditions as compared to their expected design performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 09:42:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2689761</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Aging gradient characteristics of asphalt concrete during early-stage exposure to natural environments</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2654781</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Field aging of asphalt pavement does not progress linearly with service time but results from the combined effects of climatic conditions on asphalt concrete at different spatial positions and service stages, resulting in pronounced aging gradient characteristics. Existing studies mainly focus on laboratory-simulated short- and long-term aging of asphalt binders, whereas the early-stage aging behavior of asphalt concrete under natural conditions remains unclear, particularly the temporal variation of aging intensity within a one-year cycle. To investigate early-stage field aging, laboratory-prepared dense-graded asphalt concrete (AC-13) and porous asphalt concrete (PAC-13) were exposed to a natural outdoor environment in Nanjing, China. Specimens were divided into the top (AC-T/PAC-T), middle (AC-M/PAC-M), and bottom (AC-B/PAC-B) layers and monitored over 24 months. Periodic bending tensile tests were conducted, followed by binder extraction and recovery. The aged binders were characterized using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Aging gradients were evaluated through mechanical performance, shear modulus master curves, and chemical functional group evolution. Gray relational analysis was applied to quantify the influence of temperature, precipitation, ultraviolet radiation, and humidity. The results indicate that early-stage asphalt concrete aging exhibits clear temporal and spatial dimensions. The carbonyl index change rate is a reliable indicator for aging gradients, showing distinct interlayer differences while being less affected by material heterogeneity and testing variability. Aging is more pronounced in the first year than in the second year, and consistently greater in the second half of each year. The highest carbonyl index change rate occurs during the hot and rainy period from June to September in the first year. Aging decreases with depth, forming a distinct spatial gradient. Dense-graded asphalt concrete exhibits a stronger top-to-bottom aging gradient than porous asphalt concrete. However, the average carbonyl index change rate of porous asphalt concrete is approximately 1.6 times higher than that of dense-graded asphalt concrete, attributed to its interconnected pore structure that accelerates coupled aging driven by light, heat, oxygen, and moisture. Aging shows significant correlations with temperature, ultraviolet radiation, and humidity, with average temperature being the dominant factor.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 11:46:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2654781</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Correlation between the mesostructural characteristics of asphalt pavement and its gradient aging behavior under intense UV radiation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655097</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Asphalt pavements—particularly those in high-altitude and cold regions—are continuously exposed to strong ultraviolet (UV) radiation, leading to photo-oxidative aging that embrittles the surface layer and shortens service life. While UV-induced chemical oxidation and rheological hardening are well recognized, most existing studies remain at a macroscopic level, generally concluding only that the surface ages faster. This study advances the understanding of UV aging gradients through a layer-by-layer cutting, washing, and extraction protocol with 2-mm depth resolution, combined with industrial CT–based deep-learning segmentation. This enables quantitative characterization of depth-dependent morphological parameters—aggregate, mastic, and void features—and their correlations with gradient aging indicators. Results show that the concentrations of oxidized functional groups (CO, SO) in the surface layer are 30–40 % higher than those in deeper layers. Moreover, different mixtures exhibit distinct structural controls on their aging gradients: voids dominate SMA-13 aging, aggregate–binder interactions govern AC-13, while the aggregate skeleton controls OGFC-13, which shows the strongest gradient sensitivity. At 10 mm depth, the aging index is 12 % higher than at 50 mm for SMA-13, 28 % for AC-13, and 10–35 % for OGFC-13. These findings provide new insights for optimizing pavement durability and predicting aging behavior under strong UV exposure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 11:46:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655097</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Identifying Climatic Hazard Importance Factors for Bridges Using Expert-Based Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2649776</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Bridges are critical components of ground transportation infrastructure, yet current design provisions remain rooted in historical climate assumptions that diverge sharply from projected future conditions. As climate change progresses, particularly under higher-emission scenarios such as RCP8.5, infrastructure managers require a systematic and quantitative basis for identifying hazards that pose significant risk to bridges and for prioritizing adaptation measures. This study develops and validates an adaptive fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) protocol for deriving climatic hazard importance factors (CHIFs) across a three-tier hierarchy that links four hazards (temperature, wind, rainfall, and ice accretion) to bridge systems and components. Expert judgment was elicited from structural engineers, researchers, and asset managers through a fuzzy pairwise comparison method. For a representative simply supported concrete bridge, rainfall emerged as the most critical hazard (CHIF = 0.35), followed by temperature (0.26), wind (0.22), and ice accretion (0.17). The protocol produces CHIFs not only at the overall bridge level but also at the system and component levels, enabling targeted adaptation strategies—for example, drainage improvements for decks (CHIF = 0.48) and cold-weather sealing for expansion joints (CHIF = 0.34). The methodology offers four key contributions: (1) a replicable, uncertainty-aware framework for multi-hazard weighting applicable to any geographic context, (2) quantitative inputs for revising Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code load combinations, (3) decision support for prioritizing the rehabilitation of climate-vulnerable components, and (4) network-level asset ranking to guide limited adaptation budgets. By translating expert insight into scale-ready metrics, the protocol bridges the gap between climate projections and engineering decision-making.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 16:18:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2649776</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Critical Link Identification Amidst Variable Capacity Degradation on Shikoku Island</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2647811</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Conventional resilience models in transportation engineering continue to rely on the assumption of complete roadway link failure during seismic events, even though extensive post-disaster evidence from the 1995 Kobe and 2011 Tōhoku earthquakes shows that partial capacity degradation is far more common. Although an increasing number of studies have introduced partial capacity degradation and non-binary functionality states, most remain constrained by simplified assumptions such as static travel demand and solely rely on flow-based performance metrics. These limitations restrict the ability of current models to represent how partial damage interacts with congestion dynamics and network structure. As a result, planners lack robust tools to identify which partially degraded links most severely undermine system performance under realistic hazard and demand conditions. This study develops a new analytical framework that integrates variable-capacity degradation with a dual-graph approach to identify roadway links whose partial loss disproportionately adversely affects overall network functionality. The method captures the severity and spatial distribution of degradation, simulates congestion-sensitive user equilibrium flows, and embeds the resulting flow disruptions into a topological space that highlights structurally and functionally indispensable links. The framework is applied to a stylized 7 × 7 grid and the real-world Shikoku roadway network in Japan that consistently isolates a small subset of links whose importance remains pronounced across a wide range of degradation intensities and demand scenarios. The study addresses a foundational shortcoming in existing seismic resilience modelling by making these latent vulnerabilities visible and quantifiable. The results demonstrate that prioritizing the protection of these links can yield substantial gains in robustness, providing planners and decision-makers with a scalable and interpretable tool grounded in empirical traffic behaviour and structural analysis.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Feb 2026 15:28:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2647811</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Behaviour of beams with exposed reinforcement: Systematic literature review</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655745</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The issue of exposed reinforcement, especially in bridges subjected to aggressive environmental conditions, truck impacts, and patch repairs, is an important concern of the civil engineering community due to the increasing number of ageing reinforced concrete infrastructures and the important economic resources directed to bridge repairs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current research focused on the structural performance of reinforced concrete beams with exposed or unbonded reinforcement. It evaluates experimental investigations, analytical modelling efforts, and finite element simulations to understand the effects of bond loss on flexural strength, stiffness, ductility, and failure mechanisms. Results from over 20 key studies indicate that flexural strength can be reduced by up to 55% when the length of exposed reinforcement exceeds 80–90% of the beam span particularly in simply supported beams tested under a central point load, and especially in beams with a high reinforcement ratio of approximately 1.5%. In contrast, lightly reinforced beams under similar exposure conditions have shown strength reductions ranging from 0% to 30%, highlighting the importance of reinforcement ratio and test setups. The ductility of beams with 50% exposed length has been reported to decrease by as much as 60%, and stiffness losses were found to be approximately proportional to the exposed length. A comprehensive review of the current literature reveals that in certain configurations where exposed bars remain adequately anchored, the beams maintained an appropriate proportion of their original flexural capacity, suggesting that conservative assumptions in design may lead to unnecessary and costly interventions. The findings emphasize the need for improved predictive models and design guidelines to assess performance and ensure safety during repair and continued service. This systematic review integrates more than twenty key studies, identifies the principal parameters influencing the flexural behavior of beams with exposed reinforcement, and highlights the current lack of normative provisions, hence offering a consolidated foundation for future experimental research and code development.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Feb 2026 10:30:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2655745</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Experimental investigation on the tensile strength degradation of CFRP tendons with anchorage systems under seawater immersion</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2660741</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mooring lines are critical components for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT). Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional engineering materials due to its exceptional mechanical properties. To investigate the feasibility of CFRP tendons as mooring systems in terms of durability, this paper delves into the mechanisms underlying the tensile strength degradation of CFRP tendons equipped with anchors exposed to marine environments. Accelerated tests in artificial seawater were conducted on CFRP tendons with anchorage systems, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze microstructure changes. The tensile strength retention of CFRP tendons at depths of 30 and 300 m in various sea regions of China was predicted according to the Arrhenius theory. The results show that the seawater temperature significantly affects the tensile strength of CFRP tendons because high temperature accelerates the epoxy resin decomposition. After 6 months of exposure to seawater at 60 °C, the tensile strength decreased by 34.3%. The epoxy resin between fibers underwent varying degrees of decomposition at different temperatures, and the anchors protected the internal CFRP tendon and provided sufficient anchor efficiency, indicating that the mechanical type of anchor is suitable for CFRP tendons in marine environments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2026 15:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2660741</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Integrated approach incorporating experimental validation for predicting wave-induced pressures in rubble mound breakwater–seabed systems under long-period waves</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2660685</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rubble-mound breakwaters (RMB) stabilize water surfaces in port areas. Long-period waves, known for deep penetration and high energy, can threaten mooring stability and exert excessive pressures on breakwater–seabed systems, risking sliding failures and soil liquefaction. This study used wave flume experiment data to investigate wave-induced pressures in breakwater–seabed systems, considering various wave periods, heights, and accropode placements. Notable pore pressure variations were observed across regions. Specifically, significant amplitude decay and phase lag were evident in the seabed, absent in the breakwater. The pore pressured generated by long-period waves in both the breakwater and seabed were higher than that generated by short-period waves. Peak pressures in the seabed varied by a factor of 4.3 across wave periods, while in the breakwater core, the variation factor was 2. Wave height also had a substantial impact, with pore pressure increasing at a 1:1 ratio with wave height on the wave-facing slope and exposed seabed, a 0.4:1 ratio within the breakwater, and a 0.2:1 ratio in the seabed. Accropode arrangement significantly affected pore pressure within the breakwater's accropode layer but had minimal impact on seabed pore pressure fluctuations. Finally, an integrated practical approach incorporating experimental validation for predicting wave-induced pressures in RMB–seabed systems under long-period waves was proposed. Key improvements include considering long-period wave effects on pressures, especially above the still water level and at the breakwater–seabed interface; quantifying the damping effects of different accropode arrangements; and evaluating wave reflection impacts on exposed seabed pressures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2026 15:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2660685</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Predictive modeling of high-speed ice-structure interaction using PD-AE-LSTM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2661457</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The collision of structures with ice poses a significant engineering challenge in polar research, fundamentally rooted in understanding the complex interactions between ice and structures. This study presents a hybrid framework that integrates peridynamics (PD) simulations with Autoencoder (AE) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to enable intelligent prediction of crack propagation under varying load conditions. First, the PD model is experimentally validated, and a database is established for different structural velocities. The PD method offers considerable advantages in modeling the mechanical behavior of ice. Next, a deep AE model is proposed for dimensionality reduction and accurate reconstruction of high-dimensional ice damage patterns. Following this, latent space visualization and latent-based time series prediction are conducted. In conclusion, the hybrid PD-AE-LSTM framework effectively reconstructs ice failure patterns and provides predictive capabilities for crack evolution under varying velocities. The results demonstrate high consistency among reconstructive, predictive and original simulations, with average errors below 6 %. While the LSTM model captures overall trends well, localized predictions near critical failure points exhibit greater discrepancies, indicating challenges in modeling abrupt features. Despite these limitations, the framework shows promise for engineering applications, suggesting the need for further optimization to enhance prediction reliability in critical areas.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2026 15:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2661457</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Molecular characterisation of bio-based binder after outdoor ageing and PAV ageing by Orbitrap mass spectrometry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2643675</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study investigates the ageing behavior of a wood-derived bio-based binder, proposed as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based asphalt binders in road construction. The bio-binder samples underwent two ageing processes: several months of outdoor ageing and accelerated ageing using a pressure ageing vessel (PAV). Electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) were utilized on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer to analyze molecular transformations and degradation pathways. These findings reveal significant chemical modifications in the bio-binder due to UV radiation, moisture, and oxygen exposure. Oxidation products and associated mechanisms were then identified, offering insights into the structure‒property relationships of this material. Outdoor ageing exhibits very pronounced surface ageing, with a pronounced UV and humidity sensitivity. After UV exposure, the surface presents a top layer composed of highly aromatic and oxidized compounds, which suggests that some degradation mechanisms specific to this bio-based binder that differ from the mechanisms known for petroleum-based binders. Overall, this research advances the understanding of bio-based binders, which aim to reduce the environmental impact of road infrastructure and promote the use of renewable resources in civil engineering applications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:02:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2643675</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>