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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Jämförande provning flisighetsindex och LT-index : svensk ringanalys 2022</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2598666</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This comparative testing of the Flakiness index (SS-EN 933-3. and Shape index (SS-EN 933-4. was initiated by the Swedish Association for Test Methods of Road Materials and Pavements. The purpose was to study variations between laboratories, obtain precision data from this interlaboratory comparison, and examine the impact of variations, for example, in equipment and execution. The analysis was conducted by the participants in the spring of 2022. The 49 participants received two materials each in the respective sizes 8/11 mm and 16/32 mm. The results are reported as averages, standard deviations, counts, counts outside two standard deviations from the mean, and precision data in the form of repeatability and reproducibility. Outliers have been assessed based on "two standard deviations" and more statistically according to Mandel's, Grubbs', and Cochran's tests. Results as averages and standard deviations are minimally affected with or without outliers, therefore all results have been included in the calculations. Most variations in equipment and handling do not result in significant differences except for whether the sieves are shaken by hand or machine. Machine shaking is also done in almost all cases with circular sieves. Machine shaking results in approximately 0,5 percentage points higher results, which rounded off can give an increase of one unit (1 percentage point).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Sep 2025 10:19:51 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2598666</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Jämförande provning korndensitet och vattenabsorption : jämförelse mellan laboratorier</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2388967</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Test comparisons have been carried out between road material laboratories in Sweden for particle density and water absorption according to SS-EN 1097-6:2013 in 2020. The comparison was made with four materials, two with the grading 11/16 mm and two with the grading 0/4 mm. Each participant performed double tests of each material. There were 49 laboratories participating. Generally, are there small variations for particle density between the participants. The coefficient of variation1 is less than 1%. For the water absorption, the variations between the participating laboratories are relatively large. However, this can partly be explained with that the results consists of low values and the "natural" variation is almost as great as the results, about 0.3%. Water absorption has just under 30% in variation coefficient1for the coarser materials in grading 11/16 mm and about 60–70% for the finer ones in grading 0/4 mm. Clearly anomalous participants for particle density for the finer materials is laboratory number 20 with very low results, where even laboratory No. 6 is located low. For water absorption, is it mainly laboratories 33, 12 and 50 that most clearly stand out in a negative way. In general, are the repeatability and the reproducibility, in this comparing analysis better or equal with SS-EN 1097-6:2013.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Jun 2024 14:04:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2388967</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Jämförande provning – grovsiktning: ballast 2018</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1706523</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report shows results, some statistical analysis and precision data for interlaboratory comparison (round robin) in Sweden performed on a proportioned base layer material of crushed rock for grain size distribution according to TDOK 2014:0145 (coarse material sieving) and EN 933-1:2012 (sieving on 0/16 mm). There were 48 laboratories participating. In the sieving on coarse material, = 16 mm, the deviations are small (standard deviations approx. 0,7%) and the difference between maximum and minimum value for each sieve is only 3–4%. The results for material finer than 16 mm (relatively to whole of the sample) are deviations wider. Especially for sieves 1/11,2 mm with difference between maximum and minimum values are up to 7% and the standard deviation for those sieves are around 1,4%. For sieves finer than 1 mm (0,5 mm and less) the differences are less than 3% and the standard deviation is less than 0,8%. The spreading’s for the fine material sieving is wider than for the coarse sieving part. It could depend on less accurate gradings on the fractions finer than 16 mm that were used in the proportioning. For the coarse sieving the whole sample (18 kg) were the test portion, for the fine sieving the material 0/16 mm had to be divided to get the test portion (approx. 2,6 kg). The dividing can also be one of the reasons to less accurate results for the 0/16 mm-part.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2020 09:42:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1706523</guid>
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      <title>Jämförande provning – ballast 2017: micro-Deval och Los Angeles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1573785</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report shows results, some statistical analysis and precision data for interlaboratory comparison (round robin) in Sweden performed on three materials of aggregate during 2017. The properties that was determined was resistance to wear by wet micro-Deval test (EN 1097-1) and resistance to fragmentation, Los Angeles test (EN1097-2). The number of participating laboratories were for micro- Deval 37 pcs. and for Los Angeles 34 pcs. There were three materials used for this comparison, the materials were called F, S and V. They were delivered to the participating laboratories in the grading 8/11 mm and 11/16 mm for each material. The laboratories should then generate the proper analyze fraction of 10/14 mm. The average results for micro-Deval were at the range of 6–8 for all of the materials. The standard deviations were also similar (0,43–0,50). For Los Angeles there were the average for one of the materials at 12 and for the other two materials the averages were around 26–27. The standard deviations are proportional to the averages.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2018 10:46:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1573785</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Provningsjämförelse: Prallmetoden EN 12697-16:2016</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1492602</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This profiency testing has mainly been carried out to assess whether the changes introduced in the latest version of the Prall Standard, EN 12697—16: 2016, has improved the precision of the method. 22 laboratories participated, 16 Swedish and 6 from other Nordic countries, where the studded tires occur. The results show that the spread in the results between different laboratories is around the same level as in previous round Robin tests despite measures taken to improve the precision of the method.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Dec 2017 11:31:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1492602</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Jämförande provning — ballast 2015: flisighetsindex, korndensitet och kulkvarn</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1492601</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report shows results, some statistical analysis and precision data for profiency testing (round-robin) performed on three materials of aggregate during 2015. The properties that was determined was Flakiness Index (EN 933-3), particle density (EN 1097-6) and Nordic ball mill (EN 1097-9). The number of participating laboratories were for Flakiness index 58 pcs., for particle density 60 pcs. and for Nordic ball mill 52 pcs. There are some scatter of the results which is not surprising. A few of the laboratories show clearly high or low results (for all three materials) for one of the analysis. Generally is the scatter in results varying. E.g. some of the laboratories have a clearly high result for one of the materials, a slightly low result for the second material and are quite close to the average for the third material. The standard deviations increase with increase in level of results (average), but not as much. The ratio of standard deviation and average decrease with increase of level. The precision data from this round-robin over all matches the levels from the test standards. The tests from this report has often a wider range of results. There is a correlation between reproducibility and level of average. The repeatability has not been calculated because tests actually have been performed as single tests. Analysis of background data, like handling, dimensions and type of model, shows that they have none or very little significance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Dec 2017 11:31:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1492601</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Ringanalys bitumen: viskositet</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1426604</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A round robin was carried out by seven different laboratories in Sweden for four different types of bituminous binders, two harder bitumen and two soft bitumen. The purpose of the round robin test was to compare the viscosity methods using capillaries against the new variant with a rotating spindle viscometer. Apart from these methods the aging characteristics was also tested but later not evaluated. Much data were collected from different variations on these analyzes and the focus has been on evaluating data from EN 13302, EN 12595 and EN 12596, which was the main purpose of the round robin. The evaluation has focused on the reproducibility for the various methods compared with the precision in the different standards. The variation in the result for the method SS-EN 13302 was generally lower in this round robin test compared to the precision in the standard while the variation for the SS-EN 12595 and SS-EN 12596 generally was higher.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Oct 2016 11:59:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1426604</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Frost-Tausalz-Widerstand mit dem CDF-Verfahren XF2: Ringversuch nach BASt-Pruefvorschrift </title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416908</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Zur Beurteilung der Eignung von Betonen fuer Ingenieurbauwerke an Bundesfernstrassen in der Expositionsklasse XF2 wurde in den letzten Jahren das „modifizierte CDF-Verfahren XF2" entwickelt. In einem weiterfuehrenden Forschungsprojekt wurde dieses Verfahren validiert, die Praezisionsdaten des Verfahrens bestimmt, das Abnahmekriterium fuer die Pruefung vorgeschlagen und die Pruefvorschrift formuliert. Ziel des Projekts ist die Durchfuehrung eines ergaenzenden Ringversuchs und die Ueberpruefung der neuen Pruefvorschrift „Empfehlungen fuer die Pruefung des Frost-Tausalz-Widerstands von Betonen in der Expositionsklasse XF2“ in der praktischen Anwendung, sodass alle erforderlichen Instrumente zur Aufnahme der Pruefung in das Regelwerk ZTV-ING bereitgestellt werden koennen. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: In recent years, the “modified CDF-method XF2” has been developed in order to assess the suitability of concretes for engineering constructions on the federal trunk road network in Germany in exposure class XF2. A follow-up project has validated the method, defined the precision data, suggested the acceptance requirement for the test and formulated the test specification. This project aims to carry out a supplementary ring trial and to verify the new test specification entitled “Recommendations for the testing of the freeze-thaw-resistance of concretes in exposure class XF2” in practice, so that all instruments necessary for the adoption of the test into the ZTV-ING regulations can be made available. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Jul 2016 07:33:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1416908</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Bewertung von Beton fuer Ingenieurbauwerke an Bundesfernstrassen mit dem CDF-Verfahren XF2 </title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361818</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Der Frost-Tausalz-Widerstand ist fuer die Dauerhaftigkeit von Betonbauwerken an Bundesfernstrassen von hoher Bedeutung. Vor dem Hintergrund sich veraendernder Bindemittel fuer Beton ist ein Pruefverfahren zum Nachweis der Gleichwertigkeit mit den im Zuge von Bundesfernstrassen bewaehrten Bindemitteln von hoher Bedeutung. Hierfuer geeignet ist das fuer diesen Zweck entwickelte CDF-Verfahren XF2. Das neue CDF-Verfahren XF2 wurde zur Pruefung von Beton in der Expositionsklasse XF2 speziell fuer die Belange der Bundesfernstrassen entwickelt und validiert. Die dabei und im Rahmen eines ersten Ringversuchs gewonnenen Erfahrungen mit dem neuen Pruefverfahren sind in eine Pruefvorschrift ueberfuehrt worden. Vor Uebernahme des neuen CDF-Verfahrens in das Regelwerk fuer Bruecken und Ingenieurbauten an Bundesfernstrassen wird eine Verbesserung der Akzeptanz des neuen CDF-Verfahrens XF2 angestrebt. Dazu ist es erforderlich, einen zweiten Ringversuch unter Beruecksichtigung der neuen Pruefvorschrift durchzufuehren und, ergaenzend dazu, Erfahrungen mit dem Abnahmekriterium durch Pruefung unterschiedlicher Betonrezepturen zu sammeln. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The frost-thaw resistance is of key importance for the durability of concrete structures on federal highways. Against the background of changing bonding agents for concrete, a testing method to prove the equal value with the tried and tested bonding agents used on federal highways is of great significance. The new XF2 CDF method developed for this purpose has shown itself to be suitable for this application. This XF2 CDF method for testing concrete in the XF2 exposure class has been especially developed and validated for use on federal highways. The experience gained in the process as well as in the first round-robin trial with the new testing method has been transferred into a test specification. Before the adoption of the new CDF method in the set of regulations for bridges and civil engineering structures on federal highways, an improvement in the acceptance of the new XF2 CDF method is being sought. For this purpose, it is essential to undertake a second round-robin trial taking the new test specification into account and - complementing this - gather experience with the acceptance criteria by checking various concrete formulations. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2015 07:24:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1361818</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Design aids for the planning of TBM drives in squeezing ground</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1127286</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In order to reduce the construction time and in some case to achieve an economically viability of the project, underground traffic routes are often excavated by tunnel boring maschines (TBM). Squeezing ground may slow down or even obstruct TBM operation and, if occurring over frequent tunnel intervals or persisting over longer portions of a tunnel, may be decisive for the economic viability and the feasibility of a TBM drive. The specific problems are sticking of the cutter head, jamming of the shield, extensive convergences of the bored profile or even destruction of the support in the back-up area. In several cases feedback effects between the different problems are possible.Important basic research results - related to the issue "TBM drives in squeezing ground" - have been already obtained at the ETH Zurich. These will represent the basis for the proposed research project. In particular, the specific developed mathematical models and computational methods will be utilized. The main goals of the proposed research project are the formulation of basic principles for the decision-making and the provision of design tools for the planning of TBM drives in squeezing ground. For the assessment of the feasibility of a TBM drive the project engineer bases on experiences, on plausibility considerations and on statical calculations. The work packages of the proposed research project take this procedure of decision-making into account.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jan 2012 11:03:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1127286</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DETERMINATION OF THE DRY DENSITY OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURE AS A BASIS FOR DRAWING UP A STANDARD</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1067033</link>
      <description><![CDATA[ACCORDING TO STANDARD DIN 1996, SHEET 7, USED IN AUSTRIA, THE STANDARDISED DETERMINATION OF DRY DENSITY CANNOT BE USED FOR CAPILLARY POROUS AGGREGATES AND THOSE HAVING OPEN PORES. WITH THESE STONES THE TESTING LIQUID PENETRATES INTO PORES WHICH ARE NOT FILLED WHEN MIXING WITH BITUMEN - A GREATER DRY DENSITY IS DETERMINED AND TOO GREAT A VOIDS CONTENT IS CALCULATED.  PARAFFIN OIL OEAB 9 HAS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE ABOUT THE SAME VISCOSITY AS BITUMEN AT MIXING TEMPERATURE. IT CAN THEREFORE BE ASSUMED THAT IN RELATION TO THE VOIDS IN THE AGGREGATE IT BEHAVES IN A SIMILAR WAY TO BITUMEN IN THE ASPHALT MIXTURE.  A GROUP ANALYSIS IS TO BE UNDERTAKEN TO CLARIFY WHETHER THE SOLVENTS NORMALLY USED AS TEST LIQUIDS CAN BE REPLACED BY PARAFFIN OIL WHEN POROUS ROCK IS PRESENT. THE FOLLOWING 4 TYPES OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURE AND ASSOCIATED AGGREGATES ARE TO BE EXAMINED: 2 SLAG BASALTS, 1 BLAST FURNACE SLAG AND ONE QUARRY GRAVEL.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 10:33:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1067033</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PRINCIPLES AND MODELS FOR EVALUATING GROUP TESTS AND IN SITU TESTS ON ROADS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065131</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE WORK IS PART OF BROADER RESEARCH INTO THE STANDARDIZATION OF GROUP TEST.  TWO DRAFT RECOMMENDATIONS HAVE BEEN CONCEIVED WHICH ARE TO BE INCLUDED IN THE "RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF  TESTS", NAMELY: PART 3 - PLANNING AND UNDERTAKING OF GROUP TESTS, AND PART 4 - EVALUATION OF GROUP TESTS AND CALCULATION OF TEST ERRORS.  THE RELATION BETWEEN THE MAGNITUDE OF TEST ERRORS AND THE MAGNITUDE OF TOLERANCES HAS TO BE CLARIFIED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 09:15:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065131</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>GROUP TEST TO CHECK THE DEWATERING PROCEDURE AND TO DETERMINE THE AREA OF SCATTER IN THE DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065111</link>
      <description><![CDATA[IN THE NEW VERSION OF PART 7 OF DIN 1996, DECEMBER 1974, THE DEWATERING METHOD HAS BEEN INTRODUCED FOR DETERMINING BULK DENSITY.  THE OBJECT OF THE  RESEARCH IS TO UNDERTAKE A GROUP TEST AMONG LABORATORIES WHICH UNDERTAKE  ROUTINE BULK DENSITY TESTING TO SEE IF THERE ARE ANY DIFFERENCES IN RESULTS OBTAINED USING THE NEW METHOD.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 09:15:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065111</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PREPARATION AND STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF GROUP ANALYSES (DIN 1995 BITUMEN EMULSION AND COLD BITUMEN)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065106</link>
      <description><![CDATA[AS PART OF THE REVISION OF DIN 1995, TEST SPECIFICATIONS FOR NEW PRODUCTS  HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED AND THOSE FOR EXISTING PRODUCTS REVISED.  IN ORDER  TO DETERMINE AREAS OF COMPARISON AND SCATTER IT IS NECESSARY TO UNDERTAKE GROUP ANALYSES. THIS RESEARCH IS CONCERNED WITH THE PREPARATION, EXECUTION AND EVALUATION OF THESE GROUP ANALYSES.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 09:15:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065106</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>GROUP ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE ERRORS IN THE TESTING OF THE FILL DENSITY OF AGGREGATES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065099</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE OBJECT OF THE RESEARCH IS TO CARRY OUT A GROUP ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE ERRORS IN THE METHOD FOR TESTING AGGREGATES FOR ROADS, SHEET 6.5, FILL DENSITY.  THE FILL DENSITY OF COARSE GRAVEL AND CHIPPINGS IS TO BE DETERMINED  AT 10 TEST CENTRES. AS IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THE MAGNITUDE OF THE TESTING ERROR MAY BE INFLUENCED BY THE PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIAL ITSELF (FOR EXAMPLE SURFACE ROUGHNESS, ANGULARITY, PARTICLE SHAPE), THE TESTS ARE TO BE CONDUCTED ON AS MANY ROCK TYPES AS POSSIBLE.  SAMPLING, SAMPLE PREPARATION AND EVALUATION ARE BEING CARRIED OUT CENTRALLY.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 09:14:51 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1065099</guid>
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