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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THIN FLEXIBLE TUNNEL SUPPORT SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/271044</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The mechanical efficiency of a thin flexible tunnel support system such as shotcrete lining and rock bolts is investigated on the basis of experimental works.  At first, model tests of tunnel excavation in which shotcrete lining and rock bolts were simulated by thin papers were carried out in a dry sand ground.  It was found out that even if so flexible thin paper closed ring lining has a remarkable effect on the tunnel stability and that the effect of rock bolts appears only when they are placed to get into the outside of a plastic zone developed in the surrounding ground.  A circular tunnel excavation was simulated by shrinking a metal ring in an aluminum rod mass and the development of a loosened zone in the ground due to tunneling was discussed.  (Author abstract)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Aug 2004 22:00:16 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>LATTICE GIRDERS OFFER ECONOMY AND PERFORMANCE FOR TUNNEL SUPPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/197054</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Lattice girders are gradually taking over the functions of colliery-type steel arches in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.  Supporters of the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) claim that this support and lining system combines reliability with economy.  In the suggested innovative design and assemblies of lattice girder, rings, wire mesh and fixing devices provide first the temporary support in the tunnel and then the reinforcements of the sprayed concrete lining.  The result is a cylindrical shell attached to the rock, thus combining the strength of reinforced concrete with the strength of the formation, while preventing harmful air and moisture penetration.  This article discusses characteristics of lattice girders, applications in vehicular tunnels, and effects on tunnel stability.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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