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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>HYDRAULICS FOR LOWERING THE GROUND WATER TABLE USING VACUUM WELLS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/124821</link>
      <description><![CDATA[AFTER SHOWING THE RELATIONS AND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GRAVITATIONAL AND VACUUM HYDRAULICS, THE POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE SEEPAGE FIELD DEVELOPING AROUND THE LINE OF VACUUM WELLS, IN THE CASE OF MORE IMPORTANT SUCTION, IS DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. THE RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS OF THE PARTICULARITIES OF THE MOVEMENT OF THE AIR IN GRANULAR SOIL PROVIDE THE THEORETICAL BASES FOR THE NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF THE AIR SEEPING INTO THE WELLS. THE DETERMINATION OF THE FLOW OF AIR AND WATER IN CASE OF A ROW OF WELLS ALONG ONE OR BOTH SIDES OF THE WORKING DITCH PROVIDES THE DESIGNER WITH NUMEROUS POINTS OF VIEW (E.G. OPTIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN WELLS, POSSIBILITY OF EXCAVATING THE WORK DITCH). THE RESULTS REFERRING TO DRAINAGE PHENOMENA IN INHOMOGENEOUS SOILS ARE ILLUSTRATED BY THE INFAVORABLE CASES OF DRAINAGE. /RRL/A/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 10 Apr 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/124821</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SITE INVESTIGATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/183765</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The book describes the organization of site investigation, together with the plant, sampling equipment and interpretation of results.  Chapters are included as follows: the structure of site investigation.  Preliminary desk studies - maps and records, aerial photography, the walk over survey.  Subsurface exploration: geophysical methods - the seismic method, electrical resistivity methods, magnetic methods, gravity methods.  Subsurface exploration: methods of forming exploratory holes - examination in situ, boring and drilling.  Methods of sampling, and sample disturbance - classification of soil samples, British site investigation practice, soil disturbance. Available undisturbed: sampling techniques - pit samples, drive samplers, rotary samplers, sand sampling. In-situ testing - penetration testing, strength and compressibility tests, permeability tests.  Basic field instrumentation for site investigation - uses of instrumentation, requirements for instrumentation, pore water pressure and groundwater level measurement, displacement measurement.  Specifying and controlling drilling - borehole layout and frequency, depth of borings, sampling and in-site testing requirements, specification, supervision, records of boreholes, records of trial pits and shafts.  The description of soil and rock.  Laboratory testing - the purpose of testing, available soil tests, accuracy and measuring systems.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Feb 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/183765</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>RIDESHARING: TWO BODIES ARE BETTER THAN ONE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/160493</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The fuel-saving potential of ridesharing is impressive. Los Angeles saved 2.3 million gallons of gasoline and reduced emissions by 3 million pounds, as well as saved $4 million saved by car and vanpools.  Carpools are the easiest form of ridesharing and offers the greatest flexibility. Vanpools are most often organized by employers and have been reported to be convenient and successful.  The number of vanpool or ride matching services is growing.  Some local governments are providing incentives for ridesharing such as free downtown parking for carpools, and park and ride lots for vanpools.  Recent gasoline regulations establish vanpools as priority users and expand the options that state offices and vanpooling groups have in obtaining gas during shortages.  Staff on a vanpool fuel information line managed for DOE's Ridesharing program by SRI International can respond to inquiries on vanpool fuel allocations.  They monitor regulatory issues, the development of gas rationing plans, and state actions which affect vanpool allocations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/160493</guid>
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      <title>A STUDY OF THE ENERGY UTILIZATION OF GASOLINE AND BATTERY- ELECTRIC POWERED SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/32954</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The depletion of the supply of liquid hydrocarbon fuels in the predictable future has accelerated interest in vehicles powered by different forms of energy.  The battery is one form of energy storage that has successfully found application in special-purpose vehicles for nearly three- quarters of a century.  Heavy duty lift-trucks and tugs, golf carts and delivery vehicles are among the vehicle types powered by battery-electric systems.  Personal transportation needs have been served to only a limited extent by electric vehicles because of the low power, limited range and lack of durability provided by the the energy availability picture have necessitated reconsideration of the electric vehicle.  In order to compare the efficiency of utilization of the Earth[s fossil energy resources (petroleum and coal) by battery-electric and gasoline powered special-purpose urban vehicles, an analytic study was conducted.  The guidelines of this study restricted it to three special-purpose cars that are smaller and have lower performance than conventional subcompact cars and a delivery van.  The vehicle power train components represent demonstrated current technology.  The most important guide-line of the study required the performance levels and load carrying capacity of the gasoline and electric-powered vehicles to be the same.  The results of the study indicate that a lead-acid battery powered, two-passenger shopper vehicle with a 40 km range consumed about 90% more petroleum per kilometer of driving than does its spark ignition engine powered counterpart.  With coal as the prime source, they consume about the same amount of energy.  increases in desired range, performance and vehicle size beyond that of the shopper increase the electric vehicle energy consumption with respect to the gasoline powered version.  The position of the electric vehicle is improved with respect to the gasoline vehicle by the development of advanced batteries, increased electric component efficiencies and an actual electric vehicle mass less than assumed due to a reduced mass compounding factor. An aspect related to the conventionally powered vehicle that tends to reduce the advantage over the electric is a potential efficiency penalty of the spark ignition engine due to its small size.  Incorporation of these considerations into the study produce results more favorable for the electric version.  The energy consumption of a nickel-zinc battery powered shopper is only about 30 percent more than its spark ignition engine powered counter-part considering petroleum as the prime source of energy.  With coal as the prime source, the advanced technology electric vehicle consumes about 30 percent less than the spark ignition engine powered version.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/32954</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FOUNDATION STUDIES IN GROUND WITH SUBTERRANEAN CAVITIES - PLACE OF GRAVIMETRIC METHODS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/87612</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The role of geophysical investigations in foundation studies in ground containing cavities is examined, distinguishing between extensive cavities and small numerous holes. Microgravimetry is shown to be the only method able to directly detect the amount of tons of missing soil. Investigation by means of mechanical boreholes is not always easily interpreted, hence the usefulness of continuous recording of the drilling rate and reflected percussion. Various site investigation and foundation repair programmes are described. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/87612</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EFFECT OF GASOLINE ADDITIVES ON GASEOUS EMISSIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/42671</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study was designed to develop methodology that might be appropriate in fuel additive testing to determine possible effects on gaseous emissions. Three vehicles and two engines were tested. Additives used were a polybutene-amines, and methycyclopentodienyl manganese tricarbonyl. Both regulated and non regulated gaseous emissions were investigated. Methodology was developed to measure aseous Mn compounds. Analytical techniques are described to measure a variety of nitrogen containing compounds including ammonia, light aliphatic amines, pyridene n-nitrosoamines, nitrosoaromatics, nitroasomatic aromitic nitriles, aromatic amines, hydrogen cyanide, nitromethane, cyanogen, and acetonitrile. Testing procedures and emissions from the engines and vehicles are described.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Sep 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/42671</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>DETECTION OF SUBSURFACE CAVITIES BY SURFACE REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/42650</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The research is part of a program underway to evaluate remote sensing instrumentation and methods for locating subsurface cavities that can cause serious highway construction and maintenance problems. Three methods of subsurface cavity detection based on different geophysical techniques were experimentally evaluated, including ground-penetrating radar, gravity profiling, and earth resistivity profiling. Tests were conducted at three sites having different geological environments. Verification tests showed all methods to be capable of locating air-filled cavities. Gravity measurements located large cavernous areas but could not detect mud-filled cavities. Radar detected several air-filled cavities at maximum depths of about 15 feet (4.6 m). Radar only penetrated 10 feet (3 m) with inconclusive results at one site and could not resolve 2-foot (0.6-m) diameter vertical cylindrical cavities at another. Earth resistivity measurements using a pole-dipole electrode arrangement located cavities at all sites, indicating targets at depths of 80 feet (24.4 m). Both air- and mud-filled cavities including vertical cylinders were detected using the resistivity technique, giving accurate depth and size resolution.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Aug 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/42650</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>LAYING IT ON THE LINE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/36015</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two machines have been developed to eradicate old traffic lines.  The MacDonald Scabbler, a pneumatic power tool, employs 11 cutting bits, each having 9 carbide insets. The rotating heads compress the line area, and when the pressure is released, small pieces of concrete are expelled from the road.  In light traffic areas the Scabbler can remove pavement markings for 13 cents per linear foot.  The Hydroblaster consists of a high-pressure water pump powered by either a gasoline-driven or an electric motor.  In line removal both abrasive materials and pressurized water are used.  The cost is 22 cents per foot.  It can also be used for cleaning metals and creating exposed aggregate concrete. The long train of equipment may be a hazard on busy highways, but the effectiveness and versatility of the Hydroblaster seem to outweigh its disadvantages. /HRIS/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Mar 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/36015</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES USING 5-30 PER CENT METHANOL IN GASOLINE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/38656</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A number of unmodified cars have been tested over a fixed course using mixtures of methanol and gasoline. It was found that mixtures between 5 and 15 percent increased the fuel economy and performance, and lowered the CO emissions and exhaust temperatures. In addition, knock was eliminated on one engine and "Diesel operation" ceased with 5 percent or greater mixtures. The improved performance of methanol mixtures is attributed to chemical leaning plus the dissociation of methanol near 200 deg C which can absorb energy during the compression stroke of the engine and release up to 40 percent hydrogen for a 10 percent mixture. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/38656</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF MIXING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/99473</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE AUTHOR GIVES VARIOUS METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE MIXING OF SOLIDS. FIRST HE DEFINES IDEAL MIXING, MAINLY IN THE CASE OF TWO COMPONENTS OF THE SAME PARTICLE SIZE. THIS DEFINITION IS VALID FOR MORE THAN TWO COMPONENTS, BUT WHEN THE COMPONENTS HAVE DIFFERENT PARTICLE SIZE OR THE PARTICLE SIZE OF ONE COMPONENT VARIES THIS DEFINITION IS NOT VALID. BUT THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES OF A COMPONENT IN A SAMPLE TAKEN AT RANDOM CAN STILL BE TAKEN AS A BASE. IT IS POSSIBLE, BY MEANS OF THE CHI-SQUARED METHOD, TO ESTIMATE THE DEGREE OF MIXING BY COUNTING THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES OF ONE COMPONENT IN A NUMBER OF SAMPLES TAKEN AT RANDOM. IT IS OFTEN IMPOSSIBLE IN PRACTICE TO COUNT PARTICLES AND THE MIXING HAS TO BE TESTED BY WEIGHING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. NOW MIXING CAN BE TESTED BY TAKING SAMPLES AND MIXING EACH SAMPLE THROUGH AND THEN SPLITTING IN TWO. THEN ONE OBTAINS PAIRS OF RESULTS FROM WHICH, WITH AN F-TEST, THE MIXING CAN BE TESTED. FINALLY THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES A CASE OF INCOMPLETE MIXING, NAMELY THE SPECIAL CASE OF SEGREGATION BY GRAVITY. IN THIS CASE SAMPLES SHOULD BE TAKEN FROM HORIZONTAL LAYERS OF THE MIXTURE AND THE METHOD OF SPEARMAN OR KENDALL MUST BE USED. /SWOV/RRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/99473</guid>
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