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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>IMPROVEMENT OF THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANCE OF SILICON NITRIDE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/310058</link>
      <description><![CDATA[If silicon nitride is applied to engine parts of an automobile, thermal shock resistance comes into question because excessive thermal stresses generate.  Therefore, the authors have attempted to increase thermal conductivity of silicon nitride in order to improve thermal shock resistance.  Heat treatment atmospheres were investigated so that they could change the glass phase in grain boundaries in to crystal phase with a high thermal conductivity increased 40% by heat treatment of sintered body at 1,300C, 5 hours in a vacuum.  From a microstructure analysis, the evaporation of MG element and the change of crystal phase in the surface grain boundaries became evident.  In fact, it was confirmed that the thermal shock resistance of the heat treated body in a vacuum was larger than with no treatment and in a nitrogn atmosphere about 50C by thermal shock testing of water quenching.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Aug 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ENERGY SAVING STEEL BARS FOR HOT FORGING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/195674</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ausforging, in which quenching is performed direct from the high finishing temperature of forging, is one of the energy saving heat treatments.  A disadvantage is that it results in degradation of impact toughness especially in low-alloy steels of relatively high Mn content.  Ti treatment, which consists of controlling the amounts of Ti and N addition, solidifying in continuous casting process, and breaking down the blooms at appropriate temperatures, was found to improve the impact toughness of ausforged and tempered specimens through both preventing grain growth at forging temperatures and accommodating grain boundary segregation. Ti treatment was also applied to vanadium-containing steel subjected to air-quenching (air-cooling from the finishing temperature of forging), and a higher level of impact toughness was successfully achieved by air-quenching.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Sep 1983 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ACOUSTIC EMISSION-AN INTRODUCTORY REVIEW</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/110393</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE FIELD OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION IS PRESENTED. THE BASIC MECHANISMS OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION, A BRIEF HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE FIELD, AND SOME OF ITS APPLICATIONS TO MATERIALS RESEARCH AND STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY EVALUATION ARE DISCUSSED. AREAS OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT ALSO ARE PRESENTED. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jun 1971 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>DESLOCATION MECHANISMS AS POSSIBLE SOURCES OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/110394</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE GENERATION OF PACKETS OF SOUND WAVES IN SOLID BODIES IS DISCUSSED, AND SOME POSSIBLE SOURCES OF ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS ARE ENUMERATED. SOURCES INVOLVING DISLOCATION MOTION ARE CONSIDERED TO BE GENERALLY IMPORTANT AND ARE DISCUSSED QUALITATIVELY. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jun 1971 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/110394</guid>
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      <title>PHASE BOUNDARY WATER IN FROZEN SOILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/124306</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS ARE SUMMARIZED OF THE VARIOUS INTERFACES TO BE FOUND IN FROZEN SOIL-WATER SYSTEMS AND A MODEL SKETCH THAT WILL SERVE AS A WORKING HYPOTHESIS FOR THE SOIL-WATER INTERFACE. INTERFACIAL REGIONS IN FROZEN SOILS ARE OF THE FOLLOWING TYPES: ICE/ICE (GRAIN BOUNDARY), ICE/AIR, SILICATE/WATER/SILICATE (INTERLAMELLAR) AND SILICATE/WATER/ICE (EXTRA-LAMELLAR). FOR THE LAST, THE MID-PORTION OF THE INTERFACIAL REGIONS SHOULD BE REGARDED AS A LIQUID-LIKE SOLUTION OF THE IONIC AND UNDISSOCIATED SUBSTANCES ABSORBED BY THE INTERFACE AND EXPELLED FROM THE ICE DURING FREEZING. THE INTERFACIAL FORCES OPERATIVE IN THESE REGIONS RESULT IN DISTINCT PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR OF THE INTERFACIAL WATER, COMPARED WITH WATER IN BULK. HOWEVER, IN SPITE OF STRONG INTERFACIAL FORCES, THE INTERFACIAL WATER EXHIBITS LIQUID-LIKE MOBILITY IN ITS RESPONSE TO MANY KINDS OF DRIVING FORCES. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT DISTINCTLY DIFFERENT ZONES OF OREIENTATIONAL ORDER CAN BE DISTINGUISHED WITHIN THE INTERFACIAL REGIONS. FOR AN ADVANCING SILICATE/WATER/ICE INTERFACE IT IS PROPOSED THAT THERE IS A ZONE OF STRONG PERTURBATION AND DISORDER IMMEDIATELY APPROXIMATE TO SILICATE SURFACES IN WHICH THE PROTONS OF WATER MOLECULES ARE PARTIALLY DELOCALIZED, ENABLING EASIER DISASSOCIATION. TWO OR THREE MOLECULAR DIAMETERS REMOVED FROM THE SILICATE SURFACES, ENABLE THE INTERFACIAL FORCES TO COMBINE TO CREATE A ZONE OF ENHANCED ORDER IN THE MOLECUALR CONFIGURATIONS. AT SOME FARTHER DISTANCE, DEPENDING UPON THE TEMPERATURE BELOW FREEZING, IT IS SUGGESTED THAT THERE EXISTS A DISORDER TRANSITION ZONE APPROXIMATE TO THE ICE SURFACE AS PORTRAYED IN DROST/HANSENS MODEL. DOUBLE LAYER THEORY AND INTERFACIAL MODELS PROPOSED ARE VIEWED AS COMPATIBLE AND COMPLEMENTARY.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jul 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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