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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>USE OF SOIL SURVEY DATA BY THE SMALL HIGHWAY ORGANIZATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/121382</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE SMALL STATE OR COUNTY HIGHWAY ORGANIZATION IS OFTEN RELUCTANT TO ADOPT METHODS BEING USED BY HIGHLY TRAINED TECHNICIANS IN LARGE HIGHWAY ORGANIZATIONS. USUALLY BENEFITS CAN BE DERIVED IN THE SMALL ORGANIZATION SIMPLY BY CHANGING FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE THINKING AND 'GETTING STARTED.' IT IS PRACTICAL TO ENTER INTO THE USE OF SOME OF THESE METHODS WITH EXISTING PERSONNEL AND VERY LITTLE INITIAL INVESTMENT. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO SHOW THAT A START CAN BE MADE BY ANY INDIVIDUAL OR SMALL ORGANIZATION AND THAT EVEN THE RELATIVELY INEXPERIENCED CAN MAKE PRACTICAL APPLICATION WITH GRATIFYING RESULTS. WYOMING SENT ONE EMPLOYEE TO THE 'AIRPHOTO SHORT COURSE' AT PURDUE UNIVERSITY IN LAFAYETTE, INDIANA IN APRIL OF 1948. THIS COURSE WAS FOR THE DURATION OF ONE WEEK, AND WAS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE INSTRUCTION IN THE TECHNIQUES OF INTERPRETING SOILS AND ENGINEERING PROBLEMS FROM AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. SINCE THAT TIME, MUCH INTEREST HAS BEEN AROUSED AMONG THE PROJECT ENGINEERS, DUE PRIMARILY TO THE TIME BEING SAVED BY DETERMINING DRAINAGE AREAS ON AIRPHOTOS INSTEAD OF THE CONVENTIONAL TRAVERSE METHOD, WITH COSTS DROPPING AS MUCH AS 80 PERCENT. SOME ENGINEERS HAVE OBSERVED EXAMPLES OF POOR ALIGNEMNT AFTER HAVING PURCHASED AIRPHOTOS FOR DRAINAGE AREA DETERMINATION, AND NOW INSIST ON THE PURCHASE OF AIRPHOTOS PRIOR TO LOCATION, THEREFORE THEIR USE IS GRADUALLY BEING ENLARGED TO INCLUDE ALIGNMENT, SELECTION OF STREAM CROSSINGS, LOCATION OF LAND TIES, DETERMINATION OF DRAINAGE AREAS, LOCATION OF GRANULAR MATERIALS, SOIL SURVEY, ETC. USE OF AIRPHOTOS HAS DEVELOPED AN INTEREST IN GEOLOGY AND AGRICULTURAL SOIL MAPS. GEOLOGIC MAPS, AGRICULTURAL SOIL MAPS, OR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS OFTEN POINT OUT PERTINENT DATA, TO THE INTERESTED (ALTHOUGH RELATIVELY UNTRAINED) STATE OR COUNTY HIGHWAY ENGINEER THAT ARE APPLICABLE TO LOCATION, SOIL SURVEY, LOCATION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, DESIGN, AND MAINTENANCE. SOME OF THESE DATA ARE OFTEN OVER-LOOKED DURING ON-THE-GROUND STUDIES, AND USE OF THESE AIDS USUALLY RESULTS IN LESS FIELD WORK, MORE SATISFACTORY RESULTS, AND REDUCED COSTS. WHERE PURCHASE OF MAPS OR PHOTOGRAPHS IS NOT POSSIBLE, DUE EITHER TO TIME OR MONEY, IT IS SOMETIMES POSSIBLE TO SECURE THEM ON LOAN FROM OTHER LOCAL STATE OR GOVERNMENT AGENCIES. INTERESTED ENGINEERS WILL IMPROVE THEIR TECHNIQUES WITH EXPERIENCE AND OCCASIONAL ASSISTANCE. MISTAKES WILL BE MADE, LIMITATIONS WILL BE REACHED, BUT THE OVERALL LEVEL OF EFFICIENCY WILL CONTINUE UPWARD, AND THE ENTIRE ORGANIZATION WILL GAIN A FEELING OF SATISFACTION FROM THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS MADE. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:39:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/121382</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MAPS FOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/121330</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE GEOLOGIST SHOULD BE USED IN PREPARING MATERIAL MAPS FOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. THIS WILL RESULT IN CONSIDERABLE REDUCTION IN THE COST OF ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION. THREE PRINCIPLE KINDS OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL MAPS ARE DISCUSSED: MATERIAL-SITE, MATERIAL DISTRIBUTION, AND SURFACE GEOLOGY. THE MATERIAL-SITE MAP IS AN INVENTORY OF MATERIALS THAT HAVE ALREADY BEEN FOUND AND TESTED. THE MATERIAL-DISTRIBUTION MAP IS BASED ON THE GEOLOGIC MAPS AVAILABLE FOR THE REGION. THE SURFACE-GEOLOGY MAP COMBINES MANY OF THE USEFUL FEATURES OF THE OTHER TWO KINDS. IT IS CONSTRUCTED TO A RELATIVELY LARGE SCALE, SHOWING THE OUTCROP AREAS OF ALL GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS AND THE LOCATIONS OF EXISTING PITS AND QUARIES IN THE AREA. THE SURFACE-GEOLOGY MAP, ALTHOUGH EXPENSIVE TO PREPARE, IS THE MOST SATISFACTORY SINCE IT PROVIDES COMPLETE INVENTORY OF ALL AVAILABLE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND THE BEST POSSIBLE BASIS FOR THE SEARCH FOR A MATERIAL TO MEET CERTAIN SPECIFICATIONS. IT IS ALSO USEFUL FOR ESTIMATING AVAILABLE QUANTITIES OF MATERIAL, THE CHARACTER AND THICKNESS OF OVERBURDEN, THE EXISTENCE OF POSSIBLE CAUSES OF FAILURES OF CONSTRUCTION, AND THE KIND OF EXCAVATION TO BE EXPECTED AT ANY ONE PLACE.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2004 02:38:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/121330</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A PLANIMETRICALLY ACCURATE SPOT IMAGE MOSAIC OF BUTON ISLAND, SULAWESI, INDONESIA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/359982</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A new map of Buton Island has planimetric sea-level accuracy of about 50 meters. This map is based on a series of panchromatic images from the French SPOT satellite and Doppler ground control. A comparison of the coastline positions shows discrepancies as large as two kilometres between the best existing maps and this new SPOT map. This new map has proven very useful both for planning seismic and other logistics opearations as well as for field use. The methods described herein may prove useful in other frontier areas of exploration. Most of Buton Island is covered by three nominal SPOT scenes. However, during a year's time, no cloud-free scenes of Buton were acquired by SPOT. Conoco acquired eight SPOT scenes with complementary cloud cover. Each scene was geometrically corrected and then mosaicked to generate a final SPOT image mosaic of Buton that was nearly free of clouds. Two different digital methods were chosen to combine images. One method consisted of cutting and pasting cloud-free images while another method compared data on a pixel by pixel basis and attempted to choose the cloud free pixel.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/359982</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE USE OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN COUNTY INVENTORIES OF WASTE-DISPOSAL SITES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/359984</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper reviews and illustrates a procedure that can be applied in performing comprehensive inventories of known and unknown, active and inactive, waste-dispoal sites over county-size areas. The steps described include pre-survey activities, evaluation and acquisition of aerial photographs, development of the classification system, public information surveys, airphoto analysis, site geo-referencing, site prioritization and follow-up airphoto analysis, and implementation of a monitoring program. Although not a case-study report, the paper focuses on Suffolk County, New York, where multi-date, "historic" aerial photographs were analyzed in conjunction with field and citizen surveys to detect and categorize hundreds of previously unidentified sites for remedial action.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Nov 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/359984</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HOW TO USE AIRPHOTOS AND MAPS FOR MATERIAL SURVEYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/93501</link>
      <description><![CDATA[IN AREAS WHERE EITHER GEOLOGIC MAPS OR SOIL-SURVEY MAPS ARE AVAILABLE, MATERIALS PROSPECTING IS RELATIVELY SIMPLE IF THE ENGINEER OR SOIL SURVEYOR UNDERSTANDS AND INTERPRETS THE TERMINOLOGY AND MAPPING UNITS USED BY THE AGRICULTURIST AND THE GEOLOGIST. THE USE OF AIRPHOTOS AND SIMPLE FIELD CHECKS REDUCES THE COST CONSIDERABLY. THIS PAPER PRESENTS INFORMATION ON HOW TO CLASSIFY ENGINEERING MATERIALS IN AN AREA USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS, AGRICULTURAL SOIL MAPS, TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS, GEOLOGICAL MAPS, AND COMBINATIONS OF THESE. ITS SCOPE IS LIMITED TO A DEMONSTRATION OF PROCEDURE AND A COMPARISON OF METHODS BASED ON SURVEYS OF FOUR AREAS IN SOUTHWESTERN INDIANA. SEVERAL TYPES OF MATERIALS ARE MAPPED AND THE MATERIALS AND THE METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY THEM ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. FOR PURPOSES OF COMPARISON THE DISCUSSION ABOUT EACH METHOD OF SURVEY HAS BEEN DIVIDED INTO: (1) PRINCIPLES, (2) TECHNIQUES, (3) KEYS, (4) LIMITATION, AND (5) EXAMPLES. THE TECHNIQUES USED ARE BASED ON EVALUATION OF NATURAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES AS RECORDED IN THE AIRPHOTOS. A SUGGESTED PROCEDURE FOR CONDUCTING A MATERIAL SURVEY USING AIRPHOTOS IS PROPOSED. FOR THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER THE ANALYSIS OF MATERIALS IN AN AREA IS BASED ON THE USE OF THE 'PATTERN ELEMENTS' AS THE PRIMARY INTERPRETATION KEY. EACH SITUATION IS ANALYZED FROM THE STANDPOINT OF WHAT THE VARIOUS NATURAL ELEMENTS SUGGEST ABOUT THE PROBABLE CHARACTERISTICS SUCH AS DRAINAGE, SOIL PROFILE DEVELOPMENT, RELATIVE TEXTURAL RANGE, AND WORKABILITY. THE LIMITATIONS OF THE AIRPHOTO METHOD FALL INTO THREE GENERAL CATEGORIES: NATURAL LIMITATIONS ARE CAUSED BY VARIATIONS IN CLIMATE, EROSIONAL FEATURES, AND VEGETATION. PHOTOGRAPHIC LIMITATIONS INCLUDE THE TYPE OF PHOTOGRAPHY, THE SCALE OF PHOTOGRAPHS, AND THE COMPLETENESS OF STEREO COVERAGE OF THE AREA UNDER STUDY. THE HUMAN LIMITATION IS OBVIOUS AND AFFECTS EVERY PHASE OF THE PROCESS OF INTERPRETING AIRPHOTOS. THE INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SOIL MAPS, TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS, AND GEOLOGICAL MAPS FOR MATERIALS SURVEY ARE DISCUSSED IN A SIMILAR MANNER. THE FOUR AREAS USED TO ILLUSTRATE EACH METHOD IN THIS PAPER PROVIDE A PRACTICAL MEANS OF COMPARING THE RELATIVE VIRTUES OF EACH METHOD. THE COMBINED USE OF MAPS AND AIRPHOTOS IS SHOWN TO BE EXCEEDINGLY PRACTICAL. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Apr 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/93501</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS: THEIR USE AND INTERPRETATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/91355</link>
      <description><![CDATA[CONTENTS: AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS AS MAPS STEREOSCOPES CONTOURING VERTICAL PHOTOGRAPHS MOSAICS INTERPRETATION OF CULTURE GEOLOGIC MAPS PATTERNS OF OUTCROP PHOTOGRAPHIC GUIDES FOR TRACING CONTACTS EXAMPLE OF INTERPRETATION TRACING GEOLOGIC CONTACTS ON PHOTOGRAPHS STRUCTURE CONTOUR MAPS CROSS SECTIONS OBLIQUE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS FOR RECONNAISSANCE MAPPING TACTICAL INTERPRETATION]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/91355</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MAXIMIZED UTILITY OF THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/350018</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report describes a project begun in January 1989 and completed December 1990, with the primary objective of obtaining sufficiently accurate horizontal and vertical control by using Global Positioning System (GPS) for highway applications. The ISU research group studied the operations of the Ashtech GPS receiver in static, pseudo-static, kinematic, and pseudo-kinematic modes. By using the Electronic Distance Measuring Instrument (EDMI) Calibration Baseline at ISU, the GPS receiver was tested for distance measurement accuracy. It was found that GPS measurements differed from the baseline distance by about 5.3 mm. Four projects were undertaken to further evaluate and improve the horizontal as well as the vertical accuracies of the GPS receiver -- (1) The Campus Project: with all points concentrated within a one-mile radius; (2) The Des Moines Project: a typical DOT project with all the points within a five-mile radius; (3) The Iowa Project: with all points within a 100-mile radius in the state of Iowa; and (4) The Mustang Project: an extension of the Iowa project, including a typical DOT project of about 10 miles within the inner 30 mile radius of the Iowa project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Mar 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/350018</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MAPPING OF GRAVEL DEPOSITS IN CHIANGMAI BASIN NORTHERN THAILAND</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/348871</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mapping of gravel deposits in Chiangmai Basin, northern Thailand, is done by using available information.  It is based on the knowledge of regional geology from geological maps, soil information from agricultural soil maps, and terrain features from aerial photographs.  In conclusion, the gravel deposits can be differentiated by their different topographical and drainage features.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Dec 1990 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/348871</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE SENSING FOR ENGINEERING SITE SELECTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/170730</link>
      <description><![CDATA[For any significant construction, e.g., airstrip, bridge, dam, powerplant, industrial park, canal, etc., there is the first phase of site selection and evaluation. One goal of this phase is to obtain information about surficial materials (granular, cohesive, permeable, nonuniform, etc.), thickness of the soil mantle, nature of the bedrock, drainage, presence of unstable materials and conditions, presence of subsurface solution cavities, fractures, joints, faults, etc. Remote sensing techniques in the form of manual analysis of photo index sheets and Landsat for regional information, and of stereo aerial photography for local details, provides an economical and rapid means of obtaining this first assessment. An experienced team can quickly produce surficial geology/soils maps, drainage maps, land use/land cover maps, etc., highlight potential problem areas, select preferred sites and alternates, and indicate probable impacts on the environment of any given action. This image-derived information sets the basis for establishing a logical ground sampling program, and provides the framework for correlating a large variety of information. As yet, it is not possible to provide very much of this needed terrain information by digital, or automatic, image analysis procedures. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Dec 1982 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/170730</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE DISPLAY OF LANDSAT DATA AT LARGE SCALES BY MATRIX PRINTER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/59680</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Lineprinter images of digital Landsat multispectral data may be conveniently and economically displayed on standard line-printer paper by using a matrix printer.  DOTPRINT images at nominal scales of 1:24,000, 1:50,000, and I:62,500 are produced.  These images may be compared with maps and aerial photographs to locate terrain features within about a 1 percent scale error.  Other smaller scales may be produced by averaging row-by-column pixels.  More precise geometry is obtained by using control points and regression equations which permits features to be located to the nearest half-pixel over an area the size of a 15-minute quadrangle. Color infrared images and color classifications (geological maps) may be produced from several DOTPRINTs by overprinting channel- or ratio-images of different colors on the same piece of paper.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Nov 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/59680</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ARKANSAS BRIDGE FOUNDATIONS FIELD INVESTIGATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/50607</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A bridge site investigation includes a preliminary investigation and a detailed site investigation.  The preliminary investigation begins with an office review of aerial photographs, soil and geologic maps, and existing boring logs and includes a visual examination and/or geophysical survey of the site.  The detailed investigation includes boring and sampling, field testing, or a combination of the two.  Shelby tube samples may be obtained in clays of medium to stiff consistency, and fixed piston samplers may be used in clays from soft to very stiff consistency.  Very soft, sensitive clay may be tested in-situ with the field vane shear apparatus.  The Denison core barrel and Pitcher sampler are used to sample hard clays, cemented sands, and soil-gravel mixtures.  Samples may be obtained from auger and rotary drilled holes.  Auger borings may be used in clays of medium to stiff consistency and sand deposits above the water table.  Rotary drilling methods may be used in all soils and rock except deposits of coarse gravel, boulders and cobbles, or permeable fractured rock.  Hard to sample deposits of sand may be tested in-situ with the Dutch cone and Standard Penetration sounding methods.  Intermixed soil and rock deposits may be tested in-situ with the Menard Pressuremeter.  Rock layers are cored, usually by diamond drilling methods, to determine the soundness of the rock and whether the rock is thick enough to support the bridge foundation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Sep 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/50607</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REMOTE IDENTIFICATION OF GEOLOGIC MATERIALS BY MULTISPECTRAL TECHNIQUES: AN EVALUATION OF APPLICABILITY TO HIGHWAY PLANNING IN CALIFORNIA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/49201</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The remote classification of terrain features and natural materials at a California test site, obtained by multisensor scanner and computer assisted processing techniques is compared to a detailed geologic map that served as ground truth for evaluating classification accuracy. The purpose of the study was to determine if the multispectral method of remotely discriminating natural materials had practical application for highway and environmental planning, and for route selection. At the present stage of development the method does not obviate aerial photography and field studies to obtain the information of engineering significance required for preconstruction planning.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/49201</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PHOTOMORPHIC MAPPING FOR LAND-USE PLANNING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/35734</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A comparison of different land types based on their physical and environmental characteristics is seen as a useful, if not vital, element of land-use planning decisions. The use of the photomorphic mapping technique is described, in order to delineate and compare the different land types in Boulder County, Colorado, according to their constraints and values for agricultural and urban uses. Using high-altitude color infra-red aerial photography of Boulder County at a scale of 1:100,000, photomorphic areas were delineated according to similarities in pattern, tone, and texture on the photographs. The boundaries of the areas were checked and adjusted using information from thematic maps and sampling data. Constraints on specific land uses in the County could then be described on a regional basis, using the photomorphic areas as a framework.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 May 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/35734</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL MAPS. LITERATURE RESEARCH</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/22872</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THIS LITERATURE RESEARCH WAS CARRIED OUT AS AN INTRODUCTION TO A PROJECT ENTITLED "DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL- GEOTECHNICAL MAPS" (VTIN 16203E). THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF MAPS ARE DESCRIBED: GEOLOGICAL, GEOTECHNICAL, HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND ENGINEERING GEOTECHNICAL MAPS. THE MAIN PART OF THE STUDY IS CONCENTRATED ON ENGINEERING- GEOTECHNICAL MAPPING. THE STUDY IN THIS PART OF THE WORK IS BASED ON FOREIGN LITERATURE SURVEYS MAINLY CONCERNING MAPPING IN THE COMECON COUNTRIES AND IN THE ANGLOSAXON COUNTRIES. IT IS INTENDED TO SHOW THE TREND OF ENGINEERING- GEOTECHNICAL MAPPING IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD. SHORT SUMMARIES OF CERTAIN PUBLICATIONS, WHICH WERE USED FOR THE ENGINEERING-GEOTECHNICAL PART OF THE STUDY, ARE INCLUDED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 May 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/22872</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE PREPARATION OF MAPS AND PLANS IN TERMS OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/120395</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A REPORT OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY IS PRESENTED WHICH IS INTENDED AS A GUIDE TO ENGINEERS AND ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS, AND WHICH ALSO GIVES RECOMMENDATIONS, ON THE PREPARATION OF GEOLOGICAL MAPS.  THE USE OF GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES SUCH AS SEISMIC AND RESISTIVITY METHODS ARE DISCUSSED IN THE APPENDIX TOGETHER WITH WAYS IN WHICH PHOTO INTERPRETATION CAN AID ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL STUDIES.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/120395</guid>
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