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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>Deep-learning-based multistate monitoring method of belt conveyor turning section</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2410593</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During transportation, bulk materials are susceptible to spillage due to equipment instability and environmental factors, resulting in increased maintenance costs and environmental pollution. Thus, intelligent and efficient condition monitoring is crucial for maintaining operational efficiency of transfer equipment. It facilitates the timely identification of potential safety hazards, preventing accidents from occurring or their impact from spreading, thereby minimizing production and maintenance costs. This study presents a deep-learning-based multioperation synchronous monitoring method suitable for belt conveyors that integrate target segmentation and detection networks to simultaneously diagnose belt deviation, measure conveying load, identify idlers, and do other tasks on a self-made dataset. This method effectively reduces the complexity of multistate simultaneous monitoring and monitoring costs, thereby avoiding environmental pollution caused by transportation accidents. Experimental results show that the segmentation accuracy of the proposed method can be up to 88.72%, with a detection accuracy of 91.3% and an overall inference speed of 90.9 frames per second. Furthermore, by extending the dataset, the proposed method can incorporate additional tasks, such as belt damage, scattered material, and foreign object identifications. This study has practical significance in ensuring the normal and eco-friendly operation of bulk material transportation. The authors' source dataset is available at https://github.com/zhangzhangzhang1618/dataset-for-turnning-section.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Sep 2024 09:14:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2410593</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Friction and Wear Characterization of the Tribosystem Scraper versus Rubber in Conveyor Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2129357</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Rubber conveyor belts are an important part of the transport chain in many industries, ranging from food processing to steel mills. In this context, it is important to employ scrapers, which remove adhering goods from the belts and reduce loss of these resources during transport. The tribological contact between belt and scraper is of high importance as this often is a source of wear and unintended energy consumption. In this work, the interaction between scrapers and belt was investigated by utilizing a pin-on-disk setup with and without abrasive intermedia. A strong dependence of friction and wear on the alignment angle between pin and belt was proven by the investigations. An orthogonal setup caused the highest coefficient of friction, but the lowest wear, while an increasing deviation from the 90° alignment, resulted in an inverse trend. Also, the geometrical shape and size of the abrasive determined wear, as larger, sharper particles enhanced wear. Abrasive particles likewise influence the tribological contact between pin and belt by reducing the friction compared with the 2-body contact.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Apr 2023 14:51:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2129357</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Statistical prediction models of impact damage of airport conveyor belts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1757383</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the systems under the impact load such as airport conveyor belts used for the baggage transportation, the load is changed quickly in the short time intervals and the arising stresses are several times higher than related static stresses. The detailed stress analysis during the impact is theoretically a complex task and therefore the simplified solutions and related models have to be defined. They are based on the law of conservation and transfer of energy in assumption that during the impact the kinetic energy of the impacting object - baggage - is very quickly changed into the potential energy of the stress of the elastic system of the conveyor belt and particularly into the heat energy, which is often for the purpose of the approximate solution neglected. This process results after the certain operation time into the mechanical damage followed by the necessity to replace these segments, from which the conveyor belt consists. The article deals with the impact damage of these segments and describes methodology for the evaluation of the probability of their damage during the operation applying available statistical models, based on which it is possible to create a proposal for the optimization of the maintenance processes for the practical operation of the conveyor belt.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2021 15:49:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1757383</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovative analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of airport conveyor belts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1757386</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article deals with the application possibility of contactless airport conveyor belt diagnostics using magnetic microwires, which can be used as the sensing elements embedded directly in the material structure without the structural violations during the manufacturing process. The rubber-textile and rubber materials are characterized by many properties that are advantageous for their utilization for the conveyor belt manufacturing. However, they have also some disadvantages. One of the ineligible properties is their hyperelasticity, the sudden creation of the cracks inside the material as a consequence of the overloading, impacts, vibrations, wearing, aging or inherent material defects. This can also influence the magnetic microwires placed inside the material and thus lead to the damage and malfunction of the diagnostic system. The article deals with the analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the segments of the conveyor belt with the embedded magnetic microwire and with the utilization possibilities of the microwire-based sensors for the airport conveyor belt diagnostics and maintenance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2021 15:49:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1757386</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Location Routing Problem With Charging Stations for Belt Conveyor Inspection System in the Mining Industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1744671</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Technological advances have opened up the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in diverse environments. The mining industry has been looking for solutions to handle periodic inspections of the belt conveyors that transport iron ore. The state of the art indicates the use of UAVs for this task as an attractive, low-cost and safe alternative, allowing for a significant increase in security. A new concise mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to address UAV routing and charging station planning for belt conveyor inspection. The authors conduct computational tests covering a real conveyor belt system in Brazil to validate the model in practical applications. The loading terminal possesses approximately 120 km of belt conveyors, leading to 230 inspection points. Instances of different sizes were generated by randomly sampling a subset of these points and using two different drone specifications. The results show that the new optimization modeling satisfies the problem requirements and is a significant contribution to the automation of inspection in the mining industry.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 2020 09:34:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1744671</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Integrated Freight Terminal and Automated Freight Management System: A theoretical approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1739972</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author proposes the use of customized conveyor belts for handling goods like cement, fertilizers, grains and other packaged commodities. These terminals will allow efficient running of multi-point trains and facilitate train-to-train transfers. At commercially viable places facilities for handling other traffic like containers, perishable products, and automobiles can be integrated. Common facilities will help to decrease the unit costs for the customers and increase the revenue earning potential for the transporter and terminal operator. Value added services like consolidation and breaking up of cargo, packaging, labelling, bar coding, reverse logistics, customs processing etc.; it will enable many customers to dispense with their own supply and forwarding warehouses. Such terminals at Dedicated Freight Corridors in India can capture the emerging fast moving consumer goods and e-commerce traffic. This will simplify supply chains and aid in the reduction of the prices of goods. This is particularly important for India where logistics occupies 13% to 15% of the GDP. Railways having a greater freight market share mean significant environmental benefits. Also the proposed concept will reduce the fleet of trucks and highway congestion. Integrated Freight Terminals (IFT) aided by Automated Freight Management System (AFMS) with automated loading/unloading systems, on-site sorting, storage and transshipment facilities will transform the way commodities are transported by railways. Moreover, faster freight service means faster turnover and return on investment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Oct 2020 12:23:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1739972</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A System for Real-Time Measurement of Moisture in Aggregate Mixes Moving on a Conveyor Belt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1558688</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In asphalt plants, the real-time moisture content of a virgin aggregate mix can be used to optimize the production process and improve the product quality. The moisture information can be used for controlling the aggregate drying and asphalt binder addition processes, resulting in savings from energy and asphalt binder usage. For decades, nuclear gauges have been used in the road construction industry for measuring density, moisture, and asphalt content of materials. Recently, a system that utilizes nuclear techniques for real-time measurement of moisture in aggregate mixes moving on a conveyor belt has been developed. This system uses low-activity radioisotope sources and a safety-conscious design, placing minimal regulatory burden on plants in the United States. This paper presents the design features and measurement properties of this new moisture measurement system. Comparison of this system and the oven-drying method for the determination of moisture in aggregate mixes at four asphalt plants in Wisconsin, Utah, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania is also included.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2018 21:39:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1558688</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DNW Innovations in Wind Tunnel Testing: New Moving Belt System for Large Low speed Facility</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513680</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The German-Dutch Wind Tunnels DNW is one of Europe’s most advanced and specialized organizations for wind tunnel testing. DNW’s 11 wind tunnels include subsonic, transonic and supersonic facilities, and provide experimental aerodynamic simulation capabilities to a global user community at large. DNW provides techniques for aerodynamic, aeroacoustic or aeroelastic simulations and tests of scaled models in a controlled environment. Its experimental simulation techniques capture the essence of the issues to be investigated. The Large Low speed Facility (LLF) in Marknesse (the Netherlands) is an industrial wind tunnel for the low-speed domain. It is a closed circuit, atmospheric, continuous low-speed wind tunnel with one closed wall and one configurable (slotted) wall test section and an open jet. Low speed means testing of aircraft in take-off and landing flight configurations and therefore DNW focusses its investments for the LLF on safety (ground proximity, powered and unpowered) and environmental issues (acoustics) related testing capabilities. Recent DNW-LLF upgrade programs focussed on ground proximity simulation (procurement of a new moving belt system) and reducing of wind tunnel circuit background noise level to improve its capabilities and market attractiveness. The main drive for the latter initiatives is a clear trend in aircraft characteristics, i.e. continuous reduction of aircraft noise levels. Funding support was provided by the Ministry of Economic Affairs (the Netherlands), the German Aerospace Center DLR and the European Commission through EU 7th Framework European Strategic Wind tunnels Improved Research Potential ESWIRP. The paper will further detail the various development steps taken for the new moving belt system and elaborate on the calibration activities conducted.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jul 2018 14:44:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1513680</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Comprehensive Study of X-ray Conveyer Belts for Security Check Systems in Beijing Subway</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1497109</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the increasing occurrence of terrorist attacks taking place in the subway system, how to protect the subway from various threats has become an urgent and significant issue to the municipal administrations. In China, subway security check system (SCS) was first adopted in Beijing subway since 2008 Olympics, and has been promoted in the country. The implementation of SCS successfully prevents terrorist attacks and other potential threats from happening. However, the increased operational costs and extensive waiting time at queuing brought up by SCS have become a concern of the subway operators. It is found that the SCS efficiency would be compromised if the length of conveyer belt of X-ray machine (CBXM) is improper. Selecting the security check machine with a suitable belt length which can adapt different passenger flows would improve overall SCS efficiency and save the operating cost. In this paper, a model for optimizing the CBXM length is proposed based on M/M/1/N queuing model and limited system capacity theory. By exploring the underlying relationship between the length of CBXM and the inspection passing time, this research develops a scheme which could enhance the overall performance of current security screening process. To validate the proposed model, field data were collected from six Beijing subway stations and analyzed, which demonstrates that the passenger queuing time saving is 24%, 18.3%, and 11.9% for the passenger arrival rate of 4000, 5000, and 6000, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed methodology can boost SCS efficiency and increase passenger satisfaction. More importantly, this study recommends a methodology for CBXM selection based on passenger arrival rate for the subway management.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jan 2018 10:27:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1497109</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Possibilities of Increasing the Durability of Chain Wheels of Armoured-Face Conveyors</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1487615</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The main objective of the study was to demonstrate the possibility of replacing the materials of domestic and foreign production currently used for chain drums with alternative materials. ADIs were selected as materials that may replace the cast steels used so far. L35GSM cast steel, commonly used for mining chain wheels and austempered ductile iron, conforming with the requirements of EN-GJS-1400-1 quality grade were subjected to wear tests. On the basis of the experimental studies it has been observed that for almost all the combinations of destructive factors considered, the ADI in question was characterised by a wear resistance better than that in the case of the L35GSM cast steel used so far. In addition, it has been found that the ADI has favourable features predestining it for use in the production of chain drums for armoured-face conveyors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 Dec 2017 10:24:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1487615</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Energy Saving for Belt Conveyors by Speed Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1483770</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Belt conveyors are widely used in bulk solids handling and conveying systems. Considering the extensive use of belt conveyors, their operations involve a large amount of energy. Taking the relevant economic and social challenges into account, there is a strong demand for lowering the energy consumption of belt conveyors, and for reducing the carbon footprint. Speed control is one of the promising approaches for reducing the power consumption of belt conveyors. This thesis focuses on the application of speed control to belt conveyors for reducing their energy consumption. Research on belt conveyor speed control has already been carried out for more than twenty years. However, rare implementations of speed control to reduce energy consumption can be found in practice. One major reason is that the current research does not cover issues like the potential risks (such as the risk of belt over-tension, the risk of belt slippage around the drive pulley and the risk of motor over-heating) and the dynamic analyses of belt conveyors in transient operations. Therefore, speed control of belt conveyors is not often successfully applied in practice.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Oct 2017 13:39:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1483770</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Prediction of Belt Conveyor Idler Performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1429226</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This thesis describes how the reliability of belt conveyors systems are a major concern for operators because these systems are currently in operation for the continuous transportation of dry bulk materials like coal and iron ore over varying distances. These bulk hauling systems can provide advantages over trucking and rail because they are have higher capacities, less human involvement, lower costs and better efficiency. The thesis discusses how many large international trade companies are installing large-scale belt conveyor systems to meet the demand for higher capacity and longer distances.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Nov 2016 15:55:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1429226</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Intelligent Belt Conveyor Monitoring and Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1119874</link>
      <description><![CDATA[For over 250 years, belt conveyors have been used to transport passengers, general and bulk cargo.  Belt conveyors are being used as vital transport modes in areas where road and rail infrastructure are inadequate or even non-existing.  The author describes efforts to develop an Intelligent Conveyor Monitoring and Control (IBCMC) system which would replace less reliable human operator involvement with automated monitoring and operational control.  The automated system will be required to gather data from belt conveyor systems; interpret and monitor abnormalities of system operations; store the knowledge for improving the conveyor belt system; assess the condition and operational status of conveyor systems and provide maintenance and operational control strategies and options.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Oct 2011 10:26:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1119874</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Belt delivery advancements</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1101232</link>
      <description><![CDATA[We report on recent notable belt conveyor projects, many featuring innovative technology, as well as developments in related control and protective equipment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 May 2011 13:04:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1101232</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Maglev Freight Conveyor Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1085915</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This chapter deals with a new approach of moving containers based on a magnetic levitation technology. The system is referred to as the Maglev Freight Conveyor System. This approach utilizes a proven Maglev “conveyor belt” technology that shows promise for both short-haul urban freight movement and interstate-bound containers. The application of this technology to container freight movement inside the port and beyond its confines is expected to reduce both highway congestion and pollution throughout the Los Angeles area.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Jan 2011 10:20:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1085915</guid>
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