<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Security of central warehouses</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2528622</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The security of warehouses, crucial for the successful functioning of logistics systems, encompasses aspects of business operations, work environment, and property protection. This paper identifies fundamental security challenges of central warehouses, covering technical, legal, and human aspects. It emphasizes integrating new technologies and innovative approaches to enhance warehouse security. The research aims to investigate the current state of security in warehouses of logistics operators in Sarajevo, along with an analysis of existing practices. Specific topics examined such as technological innovations in warehouse security, staff training on safety procedures, theft monitoring and prevention, and compliance with regulatory standards. The results of this research provide a foundation for effective security strategies in the context of warehouse logistics operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2025 11:37:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2528622</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Dynamic Loss Balancing and Sequential Enhancement for Road-Safety Assessment and Traffic Scene Classification</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2449105</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Road-safety inspection is an indispensable instrument for reducing road-accident fatalities related to road infrastructure. Recent work formalizes the assessment procedure in terms of carefully selected risk factors that are also known as road-safety attributes. In current practice, these attributes are manually annotated in geo-referenced monocular video for each road segment. The authors propose to reduce dependency on tedious human labor by automating attribute collection through a two-stage deep learning approach. The first stage recognizes more than forty road-safety attributes by observing a local spatio-temporal context. Their design leverages an efficient convolutional pipeline, which benefits from pre-training on semantic segmentation of street scenes. The second stage enhances predictions through sequential integration across a larger temporal window. Their design leverages per-attribute instances of a lightweight recurrent architecture. Both stages alleviate extreme class imbalance by incorporating a multi-task variant of recall-based dynamic loss weighting. They perform experiments on the novel iRAP-BH dataset, which involves fully labeled geo-referenced video along 2,300 km of public roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Moreover, they evaluate their approach against the related work on three road-scene classification datasets from the literature: Honda Scenes, FM3m, and BDD100k. Experimental evaluation confirms the value of their contributions on all three datasets.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2025 11:45:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2449105</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of intermodal transport chain: Case of importing tires through a China-Balkans routes</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2465239</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Within the context of global trade, logistics chains face the complex task of bridging significant geographic distances while simultaneously striving to increase their efficiency and sustainability. A significant portion of global logistics chains relies on maritime transport in the initial phase, followed by road, rail, or river transport in the subsequent continental phase. Road transport, however, is associated with various ecological and operational drawbacks. In contrast, intermodal transport (IT) provides an efficient solution by integrating multiple modes of transportation. The key challenge of IT applications remains the determination of the best combination of transport modes, technologies, and routes. Consequently, this paper aims to identify the most favorable alternative to the intermodal transport chain (ITC) for the import of tires from China to Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Since selecting the most favorable alternative to the ITC requires an analysis of conflicting objectives and criteria, the use of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) becomes essential in addressing this challenge. The paper presents a new MCDM model that combines the fuzzy DELPHI analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy DAHP) and the fuzzy Axial-Distance-based Aggregated Measurement (fuzzy ADAM) methods. The applicability and effectiveness of the model were demonstrated and confirmed by a case study. The results indicate that the best variants are those that combine maritime, rail, and road transportation through the Port of Koper (with a ranking value of 0.339) and Rijeka (0.289), followed by the variants that combine maritime and road transportation through the same ports (0.241 and 0.222, respectively). The rest of the variants have significantly lower performances.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 2024 09:34:51 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2465239</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of Two-Lane Road Sections in Terms of Traffic Risk Using an Integrated Mcdm Model</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2475197</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The impact of geometric characteristics on traffic risk is reflected through identifying conflict points on roads, traffic accidents, and any other unforeseen situation that is inherently hazardous for traffic participants. In order to iden-tify the road sections with the highest risk, it is necessary to consider a number of criteria that affect risk, and conduct extensive empirical research, analysis and data synthesis. This paper evaluates 9 sections of two-lane roads in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Republic of Srpska) using an integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) model. To determine the significance of 8 criteria for the evaluation of the sections, it was applied a subjective–objective model consisting of 3 methods: (1) CRiteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC), (2) FUll COnsistency Method (FUCOM) and (3) fuzzy PIvot Pairwise RElative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA). The aggregation of the criterion values obtained using the methods yielded the final criterion values. Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) method was used to evaluate the sections and determine their objective diversity. The obtained results identified one location as extremely hazardous by most of analysed input parameters. The section with the highest risk is the Rudanka – Doboj section (A4), which represents a section of the road infrastructure of the 105 road. The validation of the results obtained by applying the integrated MCDM model was performed through an extensive sensitivity analysis. The weights of criteria were observed through initially individual methods implemented in the MARCOS method. Then, a comparative analysis was performed with 6 other MCDM methods and Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient (SCC) was calculated as a statistical indicator of rank correlation in a sensitivity analysis. In addition, the Standard Deviation (STDEV) of the obtained results was determined.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Dec 2024 17:02:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2475197</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cycling in Sarajevo</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2448864</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Sarajevo is the capital and the biggest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina with urban population of approximately 275.000 and 347.000 in metropolitan area. Geographically, it is narrowly positioned in the valley of river Miljacka and surrounded by the mountains that back in 1984 had been the venue for the Winter Olympics, but more recently, were named as one of the best to-visit mountain biking destinations by National Geographic in 2015 . With its three distinct architectural entities (Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian and modern) that span through five centuries of history, the "Jerusalem of Europe", how the city is often monikered for its cultural heritage, is nowadays facing the challenges of modern urbanism that is driven primarily by economic interests, and hence, the need for sustainable urban mobility development. Meanwhile, CSO organizations vocally advocate for proper-quality road infrastructure with micromobility as an important factor, whereas the individuals are making small innovations in the field with a potential to help solving some of the crucial problems of bike commute worldwide.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2024 17:06:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2448864</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Hybrid Extended Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy ARAS Methodology for Evaluating Train Organization Systems in Bosnia and Herzegovina</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2398006</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The operational transport strategies of a state are developed as a combination of train organization systems and network usage systems. Due to the central importance of these operational transport strategies, special attention is paid to analyzing their functioning and the conditions under which different combinations of train organization systems and network usage become feasible and commercially viable. This study proposes a hybrid fuzzy approach to multi-criteria decision-making methods for evaluating and assessing train organization systems and network usage in Bosnia and Herzegovina. For this purpose, an extended Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (E-FAHP) was applied to determine the relative significance of each criterion, followed by ranking train systems using the Fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment Method (Fuzzy ARAS). To validate the efficacy of the proposed framework, a case study was conducted using a real-world example. The findings demonstrate tangible potential for practical implementation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jul 2024 10:03:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2398006</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Comparative Analysis of the Labour Act Status of Seafarers in the Republic of Croatia and the Surrounding Countries of the Adriatic Sea</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2379760</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The aim of this article is to present and compare the regulations concerning the specific labour act status of Croatian seafarers with those of seafarers in neighbouring countries that have access to the Adriatic Sea. These countries were part of the legal system of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until the 1990s. The question of the professional and social status of seafarers is a specific and complex issue in Labour Act. Seafarers, as employees, have a distinct labour and social status compared to shore-based workers in many respects. To address this, the International Labour Organization (ILO) has adopted 68 instruments (conventions and recommendations) related to their labour status regulation. Today nearly all these ILO documents are consolidated in the 2006 Maritime Labour Convention, making it the most significant legislation concerning the work, life, and social rights of seafarers in international shipping. In this context, this paper examines and analyses Croatian national regulations governing labour and social status of seafarers. It also compares these regulations with those of the neighboring countries such as Slovenia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, particularly in terms of the standards prescribed by Maritime Labour Convention.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 May 2024 11:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2379760</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Selection of a Possible Organizational Structure of Railway Companies by Application Fuzzy-ARAS Method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2166500</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The European railway sector doesn't represent a single, generic type of organizational structure. The Directives from the 1990s offer the possibility for national interpretation giving a wide range of organizational structures for European railways. Different organizational structures of railways are present in the European railway market, and all of them are aligned with the national belief of the country - how to manage the railway. This paper focuses on Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods for ranking and selecting organizational structures of railways. In decision-making, we deal with different types of uncertainty and inaccuracy. For this purpose, we need to use some specific tools. In this paper, we use triangular fuzzy numbers to quantify linguistic data. To overcome the complexity of the decision-making problem, we propose the fuzzy Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) method, which also includes linguistic variables and a group approach to decision-making. With the proposed methodology an evaluation of the alternatives to the organization structure of the railway company in Bosnia and Herzegovina is considered. Separation of railway transport from infrastructure management is ranked as the best organizational structure for this company.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jun 2023 16:29:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2166500</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sustainable Urban Mobility Living Lab: Case study Sarajevo</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2047569</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Living Labs (LL) is a user-oriented system that is open to innovation systems based on the principle of correlation of the individual and research and discovery of concrete things and their application in living communities. In this paper, the authors present how cities, the economy, and scientists can achieve connectivity and contribute to the implementation of the European Green Agreement. Parameters that are very important for the functioning of each Living Lab such as the challenges faced by cities and participants themselves were analyzed in this study. With the importance of the LL approach as one of the instruments of innovation and upgrading urban mobility, this paper aims to show the way LL works in Europe and the possibility of implementing LL in the City of Sarajevo.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Mar 2023 12:40:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2047569</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Bosnia and Herzegovina market research on the use of autonomous vehicles and drones in postal traffic</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075137</link>
      <description><![CDATA[New technologies primarily affect the lives of all people, their habits, needs, desires, but also significantly affect the demands placed on various business sectors. Discussions on the increasingly rapid development of technical-technological solutions that can be applied in the postal sector and logistics have a long history. New technologies in all areas bring a constant change in the relationship between companies and their customers, which significantly affect the quality of work and activities. In the years to come, it will be an increasing challenge for postal operators around the world, as well as for other companies, to achieve substantive communication and understanding of their customers through the application of innovative technologies. Understanding and learning about customer issues is key to offering them services that, with their precise targeting of stakeholders, quality, visibility, efficiency, and, perhaps most importantly, flexibility, will be able to meet needs that change so quickly over time. This will be possible with new technologies and innovative solutions. The paper presents a market research on the potential use of autonomous vehicles and drones in the postal sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research is based on a survey questionnaire on the use of drones and autonomous vehicles in the postal sector in the segment of shipment delivery.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 14:07:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075137</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Guidelines for transformation of trams to the light rail system in Sarajevo</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075128</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The transport of the tram system on a high capacity corridor in a narrow urban area with increasing demand has become limiting both in terms of capacity and in terms of quality improvement. In this sense, the tram system in Sarajevo, as the primary system of city passenger transport, for many years, requires improvement in order to meet demand. The lack of clear strategies and plans for improving the primary transport system results in interventions of short-term investments in the maintenance of the infrastructure and suprastructure of the classic tramway of outdated and abandoned technology. In this way, the system is brought into a state of very unreliable and unsafe work. On the other hand, it is obvious that the development of individual motorized traffic has led to the fact that the common route has worsened the quality and safety of driving. The paper presents basic guidelines and aspects for the transformation of the classical tram in Sarajevo to the Light Rail System that can reach the fast city railway with the quantity and quality of the offer.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 14:07:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075128</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of road infrastructure safety management system according to updates of EU Directive 96/2008/EC</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075126</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The traditional approach to the analysis of traffic accidents has mostly involved identifying omissions in vehicles and drivers, which led to the occurrence of a traffic accident. However, more recent EU directives dealing with this area emphasize infrastructure failures that may be the real cause of the accident. This approach refers to preventive action, ie the design of such infrastructure that will, in case of failure of the driver, "forgive" the driver his mistake and prevent the occurrence of a traffic accident or reduce the consequences of a traffic accident. To achieve this, a completely new approach to the problem is needed, ie to build, reconstruct and regenerate the road infrastructure according to its real function from the aspect of traffic safety. The realization of these concepts in the authors' area implies primarily the education of all entities that have contact with road infrastructure (designers, managers, auditors, etc.), with emphasis on the fact that savings on the material are significantly less than the savings achieved by reducing the number of accidents, with injured faces and fatalities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 14:07:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075126</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Prediction of user throughput in the mobile network along the motorway and trunk road</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075140</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The main goal of this research is to create a machine learning model for predicting user throughput in the mobile 4G network of the network provider M:tel Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The geographical area of the research is limited to the section of Motorway "9th January" (M9J) Banja Luka - Doboj, between the node Johovac and the town of Prnjavor (P-J section), and the area of the section of trunk road M17, between the node Johovac and the town of Doboj (J-D section). Based on the set of collected data, several models based on machine learning techniques were trained and tested together with the application of the Correlation-based Feature Selection (CFS) method to reduce the space of input variables. The test results showed that the models based on k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) have the lowest relative prediction error, for both sections, while the model created for the trunk road section has significantly better performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 14:07:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075140</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Impact of Covid-19 on the Logistics Sector of Public Postal Operators in The Western Balkans</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075139</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Covid-19 pandemic has a direct impact on the social, economic, political, and other segments of society through a large number of lockdowns in 2020 and 2021. The largest postal and logistics companies as an integral part of the supply chain have been directly affected by the Covid 19 pandemic. Disruption in the supply chain significantly affects the movement of goods and the economic development of countries. This paper investigates the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the logistics sector, with special emphasis on public postal operators (PPO) in some countries of the Western Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia). The paper analyzes the movement of express shipments in domestic transport, as well as imports and exports for 2020. There is almost no research on the implications of the covid-19 pandemic on the postal and logistics sectors of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia. The aim of this research is to understand the impact of the pandemic on this sector.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 14:07:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2075139</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Environmental life cycle impact assessment of transportation infrastructure: A multi-case study in international perspective</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2056358</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Although transportation infrastructure promotes the continuous development of the world economy, it is also responsible for serious pollution problems. These are studied in the analysis of five transportation infrastructure projects from Bosnia, Pakistan, and China, and their environmental emissions and impacts using an environmental impact assessment model of transportation infrastructure based on life cycle analysis. This shows that: (a) the main reason for the negative environmental impact of transportation infrastructure is the use of energy and complex materials, of which the use of lime soils has the biggest influence on global warming; and (b) frequent overhaul maintenance has a greater impact on the environment compared to daily maintenance. The authors findings provide governments from all countries with a scientific basis for formulating policies for energy conservation and reduction in transportation infrastructure emissions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 2022 11:36:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2056358</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>