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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Biopolymerized Slope/Subgrade Stabilization and Advanced Field Monitoring</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1847948</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The slightly overconsolidated glacial tills and weathered shales in Midwestern states of the USA often show substantial strength degradation after construction. This strength reduction often causes time dependent slope failures along the roadside. This study investigated the possibility of applying biopolymer based soil modification techniques to mitigate the strength reduction phenomenon of these soils. For this research, several different biopolymers were evaluated through laboratory tests, two biopolymers were selected for extensive weathering tests, then a higher-performing biopolymer, Xanthan, was applied to a test slope in Verdigre, Nebraska with heavy instrumentation. The followings are the summary of the results. The unweathered laboratory shear strength of the weathered shales from Verdigre was improved by 20%, 30%, and 40% by mixing 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of Xanthan gum, respectively. On the other hand, the weathered shear strength of the weathered shales at Verdigre treated with 1.5% of Xanthan gum after 8 wet-freeze-thaw-dry cycles still retained 83% of the untreated unweathered ones. A similar result was obtained for glacial tills, manifesting that the Xanthan based polymerization method may be used as a new eco-friendly method to enhance the strength of weathered shales and glacial tills in Midwestern states. The field applied Xanthan treated soils showed similar behavior to laboratory test results based on pressuremeter and vane shear test results so far. However, further monitoring is required to fully verify the findings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 May 2021 15:12:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1847948</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Nebraska Specific Slope Design Manual</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1688693</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study introduces proper design and retrofitting techniques to mitigate slope failure in Nebraska based on experimental and analytical research. The geological history, unique soil properties, failure mechanisms and potential new design/retrofitting methods are accounted for in this study. The following are the key findings. Nebraska is covered by glacial tills, loess/sands, and shales with expansive clay minerals. Loess and shales are often highly overconsolidated due to the high overburden from Laurentide ice sheet which covered North America between 0.1 M to 0.02 M years ago. Overconsolidated expansive shale clays often exhibit time dependent strength reduction, and collapsible loess often exhibit much lower residual strength than the peak strength. The test results showed the presence of overconsolidated conditions and expansive clays. Test specimens show that the unconfined compression strength and the consolidated undrained strength are higher than the consolidated drained shear strength for clayey soils; typical behavior of overconsolidated conditions. Also, test specimens showed that the residual strength of unconfined compression and the consolidated drained shear strength were substantially lower than that of unconfined compression and consolidated undrained shear strength; typical behavior of clays containing expansive clay minerals. Some test specimens even showed volume expansion during consolidation. XRD (X-ray Diffraction) tests showed montmorillonite clay minerals (as high as 11%) in specimens, explaining the expansive behavior and lower residual drained shear strength. Although unconfined compression tests are easy and inexpensive, this method may overestimate the long term strength of Nebraska soils. This study recommends that the consolidated drained strength be used for the design of new slopes and retrofitting techniques. Among several retrofitting techniques, earth anchor and biopolymer based reinforcement are recommended. Earth anchors are recommended because the resisting force is provided by deep soil layers which are free from weathering and associated strength reduction. Biopolymer based soil treatment is recommended because the technique showed promising weathering resistance in this research. However, biopolymer based soil treatment technique is not thoroughly verified, further verification research may be needed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Feb 2020 10:51:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1688693</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Large-scale direct shear testing of geogrid-reinforced aggregate base over weak subgrade</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1599315</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Geogrids have been widely used to construct stable subgrade foundations and to provide a working platform for construction over weak and soft soils. Use of geogrid reinforcement in a pavement system ensures a long‐lasting pavement structure by reducing excessive deformation and cracking. In this study, a series of large-scale direct shear tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical interaction between a subgrade soil and an aggregate base layer with and without a geogrid at the interface. The subgrade and base materials consisted of glacial till and well-graded gravel, respectively. Seven types of biaxial geogrids were tested. Normal stresses of 50, 100 and 200 kPa were applied to the top of the samples compacted at optimum moisture content (OMCsoil = 16.4% and OMCaggregate = 8.2%) to relative compaction values of 93–98% (RCsoil = 94–98% and RCaggregate = 93–96%). The test results show that aperture area and junction strength of geogrids are important factors that affect the soil–aggregate interface shear strength response. The average values of the peak interface shear strength coefficient, defined as the ratio of the peak interface shear strength of the soil–aggregate systems with and without geogrid at the interface, range from 0.96 to 1.48. Based on the results of this study, the geogrid aperture area, the normalised aperture area, the normalised aperture length, and the junction strength to optimise the peak interface shear strength of soil–aggregate–geogrid systems are 825 mm², 4.7, 5.4, and 11.5 kN/m, respectively. These values are restricted to the materials and test conditions used in this study.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Apr 2019 13:06:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1599315</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Erosion Control on Highway Backslopes</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579141</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During 1959, research was continued by the Agronomy Department in cooperation with the Iowa Highway Commission on vegetative establishment and erosion control on highway backslopes (Project 1010). The work was continued at previously established sites and also several new experiments were initiated during the year. The work will be discussed for each separate experiment and location in this report. These are: Topsoil Replacement Study, Chariton, Iowa; Mulch Experiment on Sandy Backslope, Granger, Iowa; Phosphate Rate Study on Calcareous Loess, Moville, Iowa; and Fertilizer Rate Trials on Kansan Till, Seymour, Iowa. Attached at the end of this report is the following report: Highway Backslope Research - Report on Agronomic Studies, 1954 -1956, Paul Peperzak and W. D. Shrader.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2019 09:43:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579141</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Soil Stabilization with Chemicals</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579139</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This bulletin is the second in a series of compilations of reports on completed research done for the Iowa Highway Research Board Project HR-1, "The Loess and Glacial Till Materials of Iowa; an Investigation of Their Physical and Chemical Properties and Techniques for Processing Them to Increase Their All-Weather Stability for Road Construction." The research, started in 1950, was done by the Iowa Engineering Experiment Station under its project 283-S. The project was supported by funds from the Iowa Highway Research Board of the Iowa State Highway Commission. In Iowa the abundance and wide distribution of loess and glacial till materials makes them the logical ones with which to start working. The principal objectives of the project may be summed up as follows: 1. To determine by means of both field and laboratory studies the areal and stratigraphic variation in the physical and chemical properties of the loess and glacial till materials of Iowa; 2. To develop new equipment and methods for evaluating physical and chemical properties of soil where needed; 3, To correlate fundamental soil properties with the performance of soils in the highway structure; 4. To develop a scientific approach to the problem of soil stabilization based on the relationships between the properties of the soils and those of the admixtures; and 5. To determine the manner in which the loess and glacial till materials of Iowa can be processed for optimum performance as highway embankments, subgrades, base courses, and surface courses. Many of the papers in this bulletin were prepared originally as graduate theses required by the Department of Civil Engineering for master or doctoral degrees at Iowa State University. Each was then rewritten with the assistance of other project workers and was submitted to the Iowa Highway Research Board as a report on a phase of the research. This explains the several authors for each paper. The research work was all done under Dr. D. T. Davidson as project leader in charge. Practically all the papers herein have been published previously. The title page for each manuscript identifies all authors and gives the place and date of first publication. No attempt has been made to revise, update, and change the data; hence some contradictions are evident. The facts and conclusions presented are those of the authors at the time the manuscript was submitted. Much of the repetition of material has been eliminated, and the papers have been arranged by subject matter.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Jan 2019 11:37:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1579139</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of SPT-Torque Test Correlations for Glacial Till</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1471134</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Torque tests, which are performed immediately after a standard penetration test (SPT), have grown in popularity since its conception in Brazil during the early 1990s. Purdue University developed the first automated torqueing hardware prototype in 2010. SPT, SPT-Torque and cone penetration test (CPT) field testing were performed in glacial till soils at four different sites in northern Indiana and one site in southern Indiana. Index tests were performed for the soil samples collected at each of these sites. Relationships between the torque ratio (the measured torque divided by the corrected SPT blow count) vs. soil type, and unit side resistance vs. normalized SPT blow count (N1,60) and normalized CPT cone resistance (qc,1) were explored for these soils. For saturated clay soils, development of a relationship between unit side resistance and undrained shear strength was also attempted. Reliable correlations based on the torque ratio were not achieved based on the data collected for all the different soils tested. However, reasonably high coefficients of determination were obtained for the normalized equations developed for clays and saturated non-plastic silt. Low coefficients of determination were obtained for saturated and unsaturated sandy soils. The low coefficients of determination values are attributed to the small population dataset for sandy soils and the difficulty of adequately determining the degree of saturation for unsaturated non-plastic soil types due to the soil structure destruction with sampling. Overall, it was found that the relationships are strong for clay and saturated non-plastic silt and it is recommended that further data be collected to continue to strengthen all relationships, especially those for sand and unsaturated non-plastic silt.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Jun 2017 19:42:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1471134</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Statistical Correlations between Pressuremeter Tests and SPT for Glacial Tills</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1417141</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a statistical study on the correlations between standard penetration test (SPT) blow count N-value and pressuremeter (PMT) parameters: the pressuremeter modulus (EPMT) and limit pressure (PL) for glacial tills in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). This study is based on a comprehensive geotechnical investigation program for a light rail transit project in the City of Toronto. Based on this statistical analysis, two linear relationships between uncorrected SPT-N value and PMT parameters (EPMT and PL) are proposed for glacial tills in the GTA.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2016 09:07:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1417141</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cement Stabilization of Embankment Materials</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1399126</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Embankment subgrade soils in Iowa are generally rated as fair to poor as construction materials. These soils can exhibit low bearing strength, high volumetric instability, and freeze/thaw or wet/dry durability problems. Cement stabilization offers opportunities to improve these soils conditions. The objective of this study was to develop relationships between soil index properties, unconfined compressive strength and cement content. To achieve this objective, a laboratory study was conducted on 28 granular and non-granular materials obtained from 9 active construction sites in Iowa. The materials consisted of glacial till, loess, and alluvium sand. Type I/II portland cement was used for stabilization. Stabilized and unstabilized specimens were prepared using Iowa State University 2 in. by 2 in. compaction apparatus. Specimens were prepared, cured, and tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS) with and without vacuum saturation. Percent fines content (F200), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) group index (GI), and Atterberg limits were tested before and after stabilization. The results were analyzed using multi-variate statistical analysis to assess influence of the various soil index properties on post-stabilization material properties. Results indicated that F200, liquid limit, plasticity index, and GI of the materials generally decreased with increasing cement content. The UCS of the stabilized specimens increased with increasing cement content, as expected. The average saturated UCS of the unstabilized materials varied between 0 and 57 psi. The average saturated UCS of stabilized materials varied between 44 and 287 psi at 4% cement content, 108 and 528 psi at t 8% cement content, and 162 and 709 psi at 12% cement content. The UCS of the vacuum saturated specimens was on average 1.5 times lower than that of the unsaturated specimens. Multi-variate statistical regression models are provided in this report to predict F200, plasticity index, GI, and UCS after treatment, as a function of cement content and soil index properties.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Mar 2016 09:35:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1399126</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Simple Techniques for the Estimation of Suction in Compacted Soils in the Range of 0 to 60,000 kPa</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1138964</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Two simple techniques are proposed in this Technical Note to estimate suction values over a range of 0 to 60,000 kPa on compacted glacial till specimens. The first technique uses a conventional pocket penetrometer in the estimation of matric suction values lower than 300 kPa. This technique is developed based on the assumption that there is a strong relationship between matric suction and the compressive strength measured using a pocket penetrometer. The second technique uses conventional tensiometer to estimate relatively high suction values in the range of 1200 to 60,000 kPa. In this technique, the tensiometer response versus time (TRT) behavior for a suction range of 0 to 50 kPa is used in a hyperbolic model to estimate the high suction value. This technique is proposed based on the assumption that each suction value has a unique initial tangent of TRT behavior. The equilibrium suction values of the compacted glacial till specimens are respectively measured using axis-translation technique and a psychrometer for low and high suction values and compared with those estimated using the techniques proposed in this study. There is a reasonably good comparison between the measured and estimated suction values both in the low and high suction range.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 25 May 2012 09:31:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1138964</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TUNNELBAU UND BODENMECHANIK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[IN DIESEM GENERALBERICHT WERDEN ZUNAECHST FOLGENDE VORTRAEGE DISKUTIERT: EXPERIMENTE MIT MODELL-TUNNELN IN STEIFEM TON, WECHSELWIRKUNG BODEN - KONSTRUKTION BEI EINEM TEILWEISE AUF SCHLITZWAENDEN GEGRUENDETEN TUNNEL, DURCHFAHREN EINER GROESSEREN TEKTONISCHEN STOERUNGSZONE BEIM BAU DES GRAN-SASSO-TUNNELS, UNTERIRDISCHE KAVERNE UND TIEFAUSHUB IN EINEM DISKONTINUIERLICHEN FELS, BEMERKUNG ZUR TRAGLAST VON TUNNELAUSKLEIDUNGEN AUS SPHAEROGUSSTUEBBINGS IN REIBUNGSBOEDEN, ERWAEGUNG UEBER DIE TERZAGHISCHE GEBIRGSDRUCKTHEORIE UND EINIGE PROBLEME DES TUNNELBAUES IN DUBLIN BEI VORHANDENSEIN VON GESCHIEBELEHM.  DANACH WERDEN EINIGE FRAGEN DES TUNNELENTWURFS UND DES TUNNELBAUS ANALYSIERT: VERGLEICH ZWISCHEN TIEFEN UND OBERFLAECHENNAHEN HOHLRAEUMEN IM BODEN ODER FELS, WIRKUNG DES PORENWASSERS, ENDAUSBAU, SCHILDVORTRIEB, VORLAEUFIGE BODENBEHANDLUNG, VORTRIEB OHNE SCHILD (OESTERREICHISCHE TUNNELBAUWEISE), TUEBBINGSAUSBAU, MESSPROGRAMME FUER UNTERIRDISCHES BAUEN.  (A/SN).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 10:30:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066912</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DER EINFLUSS SYSTEMATISCHER ZERKLUEFTUNG AUF DIE STANDSICHERHEIT VON BOESCHUNGEN IN GLAZIALEN BOEDEN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066862</link>
      <description><![CDATA[DIE GLAZIALBOEDEN IM ZENTRALEN WESTSCHOTTLAND ENTHALTEN SPALTEN, DIE IN BESTIMMTEN GEOMETRISCHEN GRUPPEN ANGEORDNET SIND.  MEISTENS BILDEN DIE SPALTEN SCHWACHPUNKTE AUF DEM FLACHLANDE MIT BEVORZUGTER LAGERUNG IN DREI ODER  MEHR GRUPPEN.  AUS DIESER ZERKLUEFTUNG ERGIBT SICH EINE DREIDIMENSIONALE  ANISOTROPIE DER SCHERFESTIGKEIT.  DIE UNTERSUCHTEN FAELLE ZEIGEN, DASS, WENN DIE FAST HORIZONTALE SPALTENGRUPPE ZUR FORMOBERFLAECHE HIN ABFAELLT, EINE WEITERGEHENDE GLEITBEWEGUNG ERFOLGEN KANN.  BESCHRIEBEN WERDEN EIN STOERUNGSVORGANG UND EINE ANWENDBARE METHODE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER AUF DIE ZERKLUEFTUNG ZURUECKZUFUEHRENDEN ERDRUTSCHNEIGUNG VON ABHAENGEN.  (A).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 10:29:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066862</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EINIGE PROBLEME DES TUNNELBAUES IN DUBLIN BEI VORHANDENSEIN VON GESCHIEBELEHM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066833</link>
      <description><![CDATA[BEIM BAU EINES ABWASSERKANALS (4,8 KM LANG, 3,7 M DURCHMESSER) MIT EINER AUSKLEIDUNG AUS VORGEFERTIGTEN BETONSEGMENTEN ERGAB SICH DIE MOEGLICHKEIT,  EINIGE PROBLEME DES TUNNELBAUS IN GESCHIEBELEHM ZU UNTERSUCHEN.  DER AUTOR BERICHTET UEBER PROBLEME BEI DER ENTNAHME UNGESTOERTER BODENPROBEN UND AUSFUEHRLICHE VERSUCHE ZUR ERMITTLUNG ALLER RELEVANTEN BODENEIGENSCHAFTEN UND BODENKENNZIFFERN.  AM FERTIGEN TUNNEL WURDEN DIE BEANSPRUCHUNG UND VERFORMUNG DER AUSKLEIDUNG GEMESSEN.  AUF GEEIGNETE AUSKLEIDUNGSMASSNAHMEN WIRD HINGEWIESEN.  (GB/HA).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 10:28:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1066833</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TUNNELLING AND SOIL MECHANICS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063106</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THIS GENERAL REPORT REVIEWS THE FOLLOWING PAPERS: EXPERIMENTS WITH MODEL TUNNELS IN STIFF CLAY; INTERACTION OF SOIL AND STRUCTURE IN A TUNNEL PARTIALLY FOUNDED WITH DIAPHRAGM WALLS; PASSAGE THROUGH A MAJOR ZONE OF TECTONIC DISTURBANCE DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE GRAN-SASSO TUNNEL; SUBTERRANEAN CAVERNS AND DEEP EXCAVATIONS IN DISCONTINUOUS ROCK; REMARKS ON THE ULTIMATE  LOAD OF TUNNEL LININGS OF RINGS MADE OF SPHEROIDAL CAST IRON IN NON-COHESIVE SOILS; CONSIDERATION OF TERZAGHI'S ROCK PRESSURE THEORY AND SOME PROBLEMS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TUNNEL IN DUBLIN THROUGH GLACIAL BOULDER CLAY.  THEN FOLLOWS AN ANALYSIS OF SOME PROBLEMS CONCERNING TUNNEL DESIGN AND  CONSTRUCTION: COMPARISON OF DEEP AND SHALLOW CAVITIES IN SOIL AND ROCK; THE EFFECT OF PORE WATER, PERMANENT LINING, USE OF THE SHIELD, PROVISIONAL  SOIL TREATMENT METHODS, TUNNELLING WITHOUT SHIELD (AUSTRIAN METHOD), SEGMENTAL LINING, MEASURING PROGRAMMES FOR UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION.  THE COVERING ABSTRACT FOR THE CONFERENCE IS IRRD NO 306088.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 08:26:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063106</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE INFLUENCE OF SYSTEMATIC FISSURING ON THE STABILITY OF SLOPES IN GLACIAL TILL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063056</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE GLACIAL SOILS IN CENTRAL WESTERN SCOTLAND CONTAIN CRACKS WHICH ARE ARRANGED IN DEFINITE GEOMETRICAL GROUPS. THE FISSURES GENERALLY FORM WEAK POINTS ON THE PLANES WITH ACCENTUATED STRATIFICATION IN THREE OR MORE GROUPS.  FROM THIS FISSURING THERE RESULTS A THREE DIMENSIONAL ANISOTROPY OF THE  SHEAR STRENGTH.  THE CASES STUDIED DEMONSTRATE THAT IF THE ALMOST HORIZONTAL FISSURE GROUPS FALL AWAY FROM THE SURFACE AN EXTENSIVE SLIDING MOVEMENT CAN RESULT.  THE DISTURBANCE PROCESS IS DESCRIBED, AS WELL AS A USABLE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE LANDSLIP INCLINATION OF SLOPES ARISING  FROM FISSURES.  THE COVERING ABSTRACT FOR THE CONFERENCE IS IRRD NO 306088.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 08:25:37 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063056</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOME PROBLEMS OF TUNNELLING IN DUBLIN BOULDER CLAY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063030</link>
      <description><![CDATA[DURING CONSTRUCTION OF A SEWER (4.8 KM LONG, 3.7 M IN DIAMETER) WITH A TUNNEL LINING OF READY-MIXED CONCRETE SEGMENTS, THE POSSIBILITY PRESENTED ITSELF OF EXAMINING SOME PROBLEMS RELEVANT TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNELS IN  BOULDER CLAY.  THE AUTHOR REPORTS ON PROBLEMS PRESENT IN THE TAKING OF UNDISTURBED SOIL SAMPLES AND MENTIONS DETAILED EXPERIMENTS FOR THE EVALUATION OF ALL RELEVANT SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND SOIL  COEFFICIENTS.  THE COMPLETED TUNNEL WAS EXAMINED AND MEASUREMENTS TAKEN OF STRESS AND DEFORMATIONS  IN THE TUNNEL LINING.  REFERENCES ARE MADE TO SUITABLE METHODS OF TUNNEL  LINING.  THE COVERING ABSTRACT FOR THE CONFERENCE IS IRRD NO 306088.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Nov 2010 08:24:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1063030</guid>
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