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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>AIS-based characterization of navigation conflicts along the US Atlantic Coast prior to development of wind energy</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2024660</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study characterizes navigation conflicts in a region with a large traffic volume along the United States (US) Atlantic Coast, using an empirical approach that analyzes Automated Identification System (AIS) data for a full year (2010). The region includes areas proposed for wind energy development, and this characterization of vessel conflicts could be useful as a baseline to evaluating the effect of offshore wind areas on navigation conflicts and vessel collisions. There have been no collisions reported within the study area. This study analyzes the one year of AIS data to obtain vessel tracks and makes simultaneous pairwise comparisons to determine the number and rate of vessel encounters and near-misses (navigation conflicts). For vessel pairs in an encounter (3 nm distance; crossing, head-on, overtaking), a ‘blind vessel’ assumption was used to calculate the number of potential near misses and potential collisions. Graphical analysis of the frequency of vessels involved in potential near misses produced vessel response curves that provided the time of peak frequencies prior to the time of closest approach for each encounter type. These peak times were up to 600 s prior to the time of closest approach. The analyses of potential near misses and collision used the data during the period between the time of peak frequency and the time of closest approach to filter the data used in the calculation of the probability of potential collisions. The period included collision avoidance maneuvering. Statistical analyses are made to estimate the point values and uncertainty of near miss rates and the probability of potential collisions for each type of encounter from which bounding estimates of the collision rates are made. These bounding collision rates are found to be comparable with estimates from previous studies. Causation probabilities were also estimated and compared with previous studies. The response curves may also have utility in the simulation of navigation conflicts. The use of surrogate data to evaluate the effect of wind energy areas is considered, though their usefulness depends on comparability of traffic density and the level and type of traffic control systems implemented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Sep 2022 09:28:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2024660</guid>
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      <title>Metabarcoding quantifies differences in accumulation of ballast water borne biodiversity among three port systems in the United States</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1726722</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Characterizing biodiversity conveyed in ships' ballast water (BW), a global driver of biological invasions, is critically important for understanding risks posed by this key vector and establishing baselines to evaluate changes associated with BW management. Here the authors employ high throughput sequence (HTS) metabarcoding of the 18S small subunit rRNA to test for and quantify differences in the accumulation of BW-borne biodiversity among three distinct recipient port systems in the United States. These systems were located on three different coasts (Pacific, Gulf, and Atlantic) and chosen to reflect distinct trade patterns and source port biogeography. Extensive sampling of BW tanks (n = 116) allowed detailed exploration of molecular diversity accumulation. The results indicate that saturation of introduced zooplankton diversity may be achieved quickly, with fewer than 25 tanks needed to achieve 95% of the total extrapolated diversity, if source biogeography is relatively limited. However, as predicted, port systems with much broader source geographies require more extensive sampling to estimate diversity, which continues to accumulate after sampling >100 discharges. The ability to identify BW sources using molecular indicators was also found to depend on the breadth of source biogeography and the extent to which sources had been sampled. These findings have implications both for the effort required to fully understand introduced diversity and for projecting risks associated with future changes to maritime traffic that may increase source biogeography for many recipient ports. The data also suggest that molecular diversity may not decline significantly with BW age, indicating either that some organisms survive longer than recognized in previous studies or that nucleic acids from dead organisms persist in BW tanks. The authors present evidence for detection of potentially invasive species in arriving BW but discuss important caveats that preclude strong inferences regarding the presence of living representatives of these species in BW tanks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Oct 2021 14:25:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1726722</guid>
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      <title>Employment accessibility and rising seas</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1657418</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent projections suggest worst-case scenarios of more than six ft (1.8 m) of global mean sea-level rise by end of century, progressively making coastal flood events more frequent and more severe. The impact on transportation systems along coastal regions is likely to be substantial. An analysis of impacts for Atlantic and Cape May counties in southern New Jersey is conducted. The impact on accessibility to employment is analyzed using a dataset of sea-level increases merged with road network (TIGER) data and Census data on population and employment. Using measures of accessibility, it is shown how access will be reduced at the block-group level. An additional analysis of low and high income quartiles suggest that lower-income block groups will have greater reductions in accessibility. The implication is that increasing sea levels will have large impacts on people and the economy, and large populations will have access to employment disrupted well before their own properties or places of employment may begin to flood (assuming no adaptation).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 2019 09:30:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1657418</guid>
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      <title>Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Calendar Year 1999. Part 1: Waterways and Harbors - Atlantic Coast</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1656804</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Waterborne Commerce of the United States (WCUS), Part 1, Calendar Year 1999, is one of a series of five (5) publications containing statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved  on  the United States waters. WCUS, Part 1, presents detailed data by commodity and traffic for the waterways and harbors of the Atlantic Coast. The statistics include commodities given in short tons (2000 lbs) and vessel trips for the harbors and waterways.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Oct 2019 17:06:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1656804</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Potential Impacts of Global Sea Level Rise on Transportation Infrastructure Part 1: Methodology</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501860</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The methodologies, uncertainties and intended uses of this study should be considered while reviewing the results. This study was designed to produce high level estimates of the net effect of sea level rise and storm surge on the national transportation network. It was designed primarily to aid policy makers at the U.S. Department of Transportation by providing estimates of these effects as they relate to roads, rails, airports and ports. This study was meant to provide a broad, first look at potential sea level changes on the Atlantic coast, and the results should not be viewed as defining specific changes in water levels at specific points in time. The study was not intended to create a new estimate of future sea levels, or to provide a detailed view of a particular area under a given scenario. Instead, the study applied existing predictions of global sea level rise from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Third and Fourth Assessment Reports. The inherent value of this study is the broad view of the subject and the overall estimates identified. Due to the overview aspect of this study, and systematic and value uncertainties in the involved models, this analysis appropriately considered sea level rise estimates from the IPCC reports as eustatic occurrences, in other words, as uniform sea level rise estimates, rather than estimates for a particular geographic location. The confidence stated by the IPCC in the regional distribution of sea level change is low due to significant variations in the included models; thus, it would be inappropriate to use the IPCC model series to estimate local changes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Mar 2018 17:09:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501860</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>I Can't Believe We Mapped the Whole Thing: The Coast Guard Atlantic Coast Port Access Route Study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1290983</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A port access route study was conducted by the U.S. Coast Guard for the whole U.S. coast of the Atlantic Ocean, from Florida to Maine.  This study will help in the Department of the Interior's efforts to develop wind energy, and plan marine activities.   New activities are materializing for ocean uses, which involve offshore renewable energy installations.  These installations include coastal and marine facilities that enable tides, currents, wind, and hydrothermal energy to generate electricity.  It is felt that the wind energy initiative will promote energy and economic benefits of the huge wind potential of the United States.  Three phases of the study are described.  In phase one, suitable development areas were determined and selected.  Phase two investigated how ship traffic patterns would be altered by wind energy development efforts.  Phase three ascertained the risks associated with the various routing and siting scenarios presented.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Feb 2014 13:26:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1290983</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Assessing the Vulnerability of Delaware's Coastal Bridges to Hurricane Forces</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1233035</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The vulnerability to hurricane forces of a sample of Delaware's coastal bridges will be assessed in this study. The procedures to be used were developed from extensive hurricane history and data collection in the State of Florida and have been extended for application to the entire Gulf and Atlantic coasts. Other efforts are concentrating on the Gulf and southeastern Atlantic coasts to validate the applicability of the procedure. This study extends this validation to the middle Atlantic coast.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jan 2013 14:49:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1233035</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Changing Tide of U.S.-International Container Trade: Differences Among the U.S. Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coasts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1135182</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This BTS special report examines historical U.S. maritime trends, changes in U.S. trading partners, and current U.S. marine trade patterns. More specifically, it compares container vessel calls, container vessel capacity, and the average deadweight tonnage of vessels calling at U.S. Pacific Coast seaports and, increasingly, along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. The report highlights the typical container port and terminal construction projects recently completed along the Pacific Coast by the United States, China, and other U.S. trading partners. In addition, the report shows the U.S. population center, which has a historical relationship with the location and cargo flow of major U.S. seaports.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Mar 2012 07:19:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1135182</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Eastern most : East Coast workboat yards are a small but tough group</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1103413</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jun 2011 07:49:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1103413</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Ports' double digit growth</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1098415</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Port and terminal operators on the busy US East Coast are now cautiously optimistic that the country's economy is recovering and, as a result, their cargo throughputs are going to increase.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 01 Apr 2011 10:34:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1098415</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>U.S. ports race to keep up with larger Panama Canal</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1094677</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Mar 2011 11:44:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1094677</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>East Coast ports look to bulk for growth</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/921075</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Times may have been hard but there are at last signs that things may be improving. Meanwhile ports are busy upgrading facilities and deepening approach channels to cater for the next generation of cargo vessels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jul 2010 13:46:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/921075</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A larger market share</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/920718</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: There is a general mood of optimism at US east coast ports with port authorities and terminal operators upgrading/expanding their facilities in the hope of securing significant additional traffic from the opening of the larger Panama Canal. John Fossey reports.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jul 2010 13:38:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/920718</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Contender or pretender?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/918118</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: U.S. East and Gulf cost ports vie for new Panama Canal trade flows, but may not share equally in spoils.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2010 15:56:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/918118</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A conversation with RDML James Watson, Director of Operations, U.S. Coast Guard's Atlantic Area</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/916769</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 May 2010 08:35:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/916769</guid>
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