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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=PHNlYXJjaD48cGFyYW1zPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJkYXRlaW4iIHZhbHVlPSJhbGwiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9InN1YmplY3Rsb2dpYyIgdmFsdWU9Im9yIiAvPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJ0ZXJtc2xvZ2ljIiB2YWx1ZT0ib3IiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9ImxvY2F0aW9uIiB2YWx1ZT0iMCIgLz48L3BhcmFtcz48ZmlsdGVycz48ZmlsdGVyIGZpZWxkPSJpbmRleHRlcm1zIiB2YWx1ZT0iJnF1b3Q7QXNwaGFsdCBjdXJpbmcmcXVvdDsiIG9yaWdpbmFsX3ZhbHVlPSImcXVvdDtBc3BoYWx0IGN1cmluZyZxdW90OyIgLz48L2ZpbHRlcnM+PHJhbmdlcyAvPjxzb3J0cz48c29ydCBmaWVsZD0icHVibGlzaGVkIiBvcmRlcj0iZGVzYyIgLz48L3NvcnRzPjxwZXJzaXN0cz48cGVyc2lzdCBuYW1lPSJyYW5nZXR5cGUiIHZhbHVlPSJwdWJsaXNoZWRkYXRlIiAvPjwvcGVyc2lzdHM+PC9zZWFyY2g+" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>The effect of composite curing agent ratio on the photooxidative aging behavior of epoxy asphalt based on molecular dynamics simulation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2293399</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In order to explore the effect of composite curing agent ratio on the photooxidative aging behavior of epoxy asphalt with an acidic composite curing system, three curing agent ratios of epoxy asphalt were prepared to obtain different cross-linking network densities. The prepared epoxy asphalt was subjected to photooxidation aging for 240 h at 60 ℃. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and elemental analysis tests were conducted to determine the evolution of chemical components during photooxidative aging. Based on the chemical components before and after aging, molecular models of photooxidation aged epoxy asphalt with different curing agent ratios were constructed. The mean square displacement (MSD) of oxygen atoms and the oxygen uptake of each component were calculated to study the diffusion behavior of oxygen atoms and the oxidation degree of each component under various cross-linking networks. Glass transition temperature (Tg) and interaction energy were determined to characterize the thermodynamic properties and interaction between asphalt phase and epoxy resin phase of epoxy asphalt before and after aging. The radial distribution function (RDF) was determined to simulate the distribution of asphaltene and epoxy resin crosslinked networks in different cross-linking networks. The results show that the formation of carbonyl groups, alcohol hydroxyl groups, and the fracture of methylene groups was observed during the photooxidative aging process of epoxy asphalt. The rise in the proportion of anhydride curing agents improved the stability of the chemical components in epoxy asphalt under photooxidation aging. High cross-linking density and methylene fracture weakened the diffusion ability of oxygen atoms in epoxy asphalt due to a reduction in free volume. In addition, photooxidation aging had a negative impact on the low-temperature performance and interaction between asphalt phase and epoxy resin phase of epoxy asphalt. However, a high content of acid anhydride alleviated the damage of photooxidation aging to low-temperature performance. Photooxidation aging developed the polar functional groups of epoxy asphalt, promoting the stacking of asphaltene under a high content of dicarboxylic acid curing agent, while breaking the stacking of asphaltene under a high content of acid anhydride curing agent.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Dec 2023 08:46:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2293399</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Characterizing the curing behavior and high-temperature performance of epoxy-resin modified asphalts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2028643</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study was undertaken to quantify and analyze the microscopic morphology and curing reaction of epoxy asphalt (EA) modified with 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% epoxy resin (ER) contents. The functional group changes and the ER dispersion before and after the curing reaction, at the micro level, were comparatively evaluated using the infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. The influence of various ER contents on the high-temperature performance of EA was also analyzed and quantified, at macro level, using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). The research results showed that the particle size of the ER molecules after curing is more significant than before the curing reaction. When the ER content is low, the EA turned into a continuous phase. The peak area of the distinct functional groups in the EA was found to be linearly correlated with the quantitative content of the ER. The strain sweep results showed that the linear viscoelastic region of the EA shrinks after curing. The higher the ER content, the smaller the strain in the linear viscoelastic region. The frequency scanning results showed that the ER significantly increased the composite shear modulus (G*). The rutting factor (G*/Sin δ) showed that when the ER content exceeds 20%, the high-temperature deformation resistance of EA increases and vice versa. The test results of multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) showed that the deformation recovery ability is significantly improved with increased ER contents after curing. As analyzed using the coefficient of variation (COV), the high-temperature DSR rheological indicated satisfactory statistical reliability with COV values less than 30%.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Nov 2022 10:16:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2028643</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effect of epoxy resin content and conversion rate on the compatibility and component distribution of epoxy asphalt: A MD simulation study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1899073</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Molecular dynamics simulation technology was introduced into the characterization of epoxy asphalt performance, to display the reaction process between the epoxy resin and curing agent in epoxy asphalt clearly and explore the influence of epoxy resin content and conversion rate on the epoxy asphalt performance containing thermodynamic, compatibility, component distribution and diffusion. The reaction between the epoxy resin and curing agent was realized through Perl script, and epoxy asphalt molecular dynamics models with different resin content (25%, 45%, and 65%), and various conversion rates were prepared. Results demonstrated that the addition of epoxy resin enhanced the low-temperature performance of epoxy asphalt, but the increase in conversion rate played a negative impact on low-temperature performance. The CED and solubility parameter were synergistically affected by the epoxy resin content and conversion rate. Furthermore, the raise in the content of epoxy resin was the main reason for enhancing the compatibility between epoxy resin and asphalt. Therefore, the reasonable control of the resin content and conversion rate was beneficial to enhance the stability of the epoxy asphalt system and improve the compatibility between the resin phase and the asphalt phase. 25%-EA and 45%-EA were considered as asphalt phase materials. Aggregation behaviors exhibited between asphaltenes, and adsorption behaviors presented between epoxy resin and asphaltene. With the increase of conversion rate, the adsorption behavior gradually disappeared. 65%-EA belonged to the resin phase material, and the aggregation between asphaltenes was diminished. In addition, the epoxy resin without conversion reaction had the smooth diffusion behavior in epoxy asphalt.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Jan 2022 12:14:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1899073</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Study on the microstructure and properties of hot-mix epoxy asphalt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1628149</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Epoxy asphalt concrete (EAC) has excellent high-temperature stability and fatigue durability and is extensively used as steel deck pavement. The spatial microstructure of one type of hot-mix epoxy asphalt was investigated using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The properties of the epoxy asphalt (EA) and EAC with different epoxy resin to epoxy asphalt binder (epoxy to binder, ETB) ratios were investigated using tensile tests, rutting tests, Marshall tests and three-point beam bending tests. The curing process of the EAC at different temperatures was evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the asphalt phase transferred to the epoxy phase at a 37 wt% ETB ratio. When the ETB ratio was above 37 wt%, the epoxy resin began to form a continuous phase with a spatial crosslinked structure, and the asphalt acted as the disperse phase, filling the crosslinked structure of the epoxy resin and providing toughening and anticorrosion effects. The mechanical test results showed that the ETB ratio had a significant influence on the performance of the EA and EAC. The increasing strength curves during the curing process showed that the strength of the EAC increased faster at higher temperatures and during the first half of the curing process.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Aug 2019 14:31:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1628149</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Preparation and Characterization of Self-Healing Microcapsules Embedding Waterborne Epoxy Resin and Curing Agent for Asphalt Materials</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1523879</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper study, two kinds of self-healing microcapsules embedding waterborne epoxy resin (WER) and curing agent (CA) are synthesized by using the interfacial polymerization method, which could be incorporated into asphalt binders to prepare the novel self-healing materials and have the potential application to repair the micro-damage and micro-crack in asphalt materials. The two capsule-core materials were emulsified by using different emulsifier dosage and emulsification time, and the normal distribution characteristics of the particle size and quantity were statistically analyzed to determine the optimal emulsification solution. Then, ethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were selected as the capsule-wall raw materials, and the microcapsules were prepared by using different core-wall materials ratio. The particle dispersion, surface morphology and coating properties were statistically analyzed to determine the optimal synthetization. FT-IR analysis results demonstrated that the microcapsules were successfully prepared by suing those optimized schemes. The optimal synthetization of WER microcapsules that 0.5% emulsifier dosage, emulsification for 16 min, core-wall materials ratio of 1.3:1, and the optimal synthetization of CA microcapsules is that 0.7% emulsifier dosage, emulsification for 16 min, core-wall materials ratio of 1:1. SEM and TG-DSC analysis results showed that the microcapsule particles were uniform, well-dispersed and regular in shape, and the capsule-wall thickness was about 1.0 μm. The thermal stability of the WER microcapsules is better than the CA microcapsules.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Aug 2018 14:06:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1523879</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effects of crumb rubber content and curing time on the properties of asphalt concrete and stone mastic asphalt using dry process</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1507942</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Along with the rapid increase in the number of road vehicles, a large amount of waste tires have been created, causing negative effects to the environment. Many attempts have been made to effectively reduce this type of solid waste including the reuse of recycled rubber powder from waste tires as an additive for improving the performance of asphalt mixtures. In this work, the authors aim to study the effects of crumb rubber (CR) on the mechanical properties, especially the rutting resistance, of CR modified asphalt concrete (AC) and stone mastic asphalt (SMA) by varying two factors, namely, the content of additive and the curing time. The dimension of used CR ranges from 0 to 2.36 mm, which is not too coarse for promoting the CR–bitumen interaction and not too fine for facilitating the production of CR. The content of CR was increased gradually from 0 to 3% to examine the effects of CR content on the engineering properties and determine the optimal content in the mixture. It was observed that the optimal content is 1.5–2%, while the optimal curing time that contributes to the maximal increase in the mechanical characteristics of both mixtures could not be determined. In the range of 0–5 h of curing time, the longer the asphalt mixture is maintained at a high temperature, the better the performance of mixture will be. Aging was found to have influence on the performance of asphalt mixtures; however, its effects are not as important as those of CR modification.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 May 2018 09:45:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1507942</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of Laboratory Coating and Compaction Procedures for Cold Mix Asphalt</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1305700</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Within the construction community, efforts to conserve energy and reduce emissions in asphalt paving applications have led to an increase in the usage and popularity of sustainable pavement design practices. Cold mix asphalt (CMA) is one such practice, as it consumes less energy in key components of the mix production process by allowing materials to be produced and mixed at ambient temperatures, thus allowing pavers to reduce total energy usage and emissions. CMA remains a limited niche material in most areas of the United States, despite its apparent energy and emissions benefits, because of lack of knowledge in CMA mix design, comparatively high emulsified asphalt costs, and, most importantly,  unknown criteria for volumetric and performance characteristics of the constructed CMA pavement. A review of the current CMA mix design procedures and challenges associated with their usage is presented in this paper, and insight into the initial phases of developing a more comprehensive laboratory mix design method is offered. Aggregate coating and the determination of appropriate compaction conditions for dense graded CMA samples using a modified Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) are the focus for the laboratory testing in this study. Using imaging analysis software, which provides a more objective and reliable method than visual observations, aggregate coating was evaluated. Aggregate coating is dependent on the selected emulsion content, laboratory mixing time and mixing condition, aggregate gradation, and to a lesser extent, pre-mix aggregate moisture, as indicated by the results. A high dependence on compaction pressure and sample curing time is suggested by volumetric analyses of compacted samples.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2014 11:58:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1305700</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Asphalt mix curing at the design lab and at the field lab</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1159382</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 06:26:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1159382</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigating the Effects of Curing Methods on the Compressive Strength of Bitublock</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/915820</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The effects of fluctuating temperatures on the setting times of concrete mixtures made with different water-to-cement ratios, supplementary cementing materials (SCMs), and SCM dosages are evaluated in this paper. Initial and final set times of the concrete were determined with penetration resistance testing. Wet-sieved mortar samples were placed in hot and cold water baths that cycled over 24 h between temperature ranges of 32–41°C and 4–13°C, respectively. The control samples were cured at temperatures between 20 and 24°C. Results show that Class F fly ash will slightly retard setting, ground granulated blast furnace slag will slightly accelerate setting, and Class C fly ash will significantly increase setting times. It is shown that the equivalent age maturity method may be used to estimate setting times of concrete samples cured under fluctuating temperatures. Activation energy values are recommended for use with the equivalent age maturity method to predict setting.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Apr 2010 08:45:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/915820</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of the Curing Mechanism of Foamed Asphalt Mixes Based on Micromechanics Principles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/913059</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study investigated the curing mechanism of foamed asphalt mixes. Various laboratory strength and stiffness tests were performed on mixes with various asphalt and portland cement contents, and the specimens were subjected to two relatively extreme curing conditions. It was found that portland cement enhances certain properties of foamed asphalt mixes by strengthening the mineral filler phase, with the curing mechanism similar to that of typical cement treated materials. The curing mechanism of foamed asphalt mastic is primarily related to water evaporation. The bonding between asphalt mastic and aggregate particles cannot fully develop until most of the water retained at the interface evaporates. This bonding, once formed, is only partially damaged by reintroduced water. This proposed mechanism was supported by observations of fracture faces on tested specimens. A long-term curing study confirmed the validity of this mechanism regardless of the curing duration. Standard curing procedures are proposed for use in project level mix design and evaluation based on the findings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 09:06:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/913059</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of the Curing Properties of Cold-In-Place Recycled Asphalt Pavements</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/889858</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The main goal of this study was to ascertain the most appropriate laboratory tests to utilize to evaluate the curing of bitumen-emulsion treated materials.  It is important to ensure that laboratory tests can characterize the field curing properties of cold-in-place pavement mixes, in a reliable manner.  Static compression tests reliably predicted curing of cold-in-place mixes in the laboratory.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2009 07:52:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/889858</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A COMPREHENSIVE LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDY OF HIGH-CURE CRUMB-RUBBER MODIFIED ASPHALT MATERIALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/680535</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project was a comprehensive study of methods for incorporating ground tire rubber in asphalt and of the resulting properties and potential pavement serviceability.  Potential benefits include improved pavement durability through reduced rates of oxidative hardening, improved Superpave performance grade on both the high and low end grades, and utilization of a waste material.  The degree of performance grade improvement depends upon the amount of rubber and the extent of the cure. In general, higher cure results in less increase in both high and low end improvement.  However, higher cure also results in improved stability to storage settling and improved high-temperature (hot-mix temperature) viscosity and thus improved mix compaction in dense-graded mixes.  A higher degree of curing can be achieved by higher shear and higher temperature, but also by air curing, which also can produce significant increases in the upper end performance grade. Over-curing can result in reducing significantly the benefit of rubber on performance grade, but the positive effect on reducing hardening rates remains.  Field tests of a high-cure asphalt rubber material at two levels of rubber in the binder (13.5 and 17.6 wt%) were placed in Bryan, Texas, in summer 1998.  Economic analysis indicates a favorable life-cycle benefit if only a 15 to 20% improvement in pavement life is achieved, a level which is likely, based on laboratory aging tests.  Field tests of two additional rubber contents in the binder (8 and 12 wt%) were placed in League City, Texas, in June 2000.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Jun 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/680535</guid>
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