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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Knowledge Distillation from Electromagnetic Simulation for Asynchronous Motor Fault Diagnosis with Small Labeled Samples</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2735059</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The accurate fault diagnosis of asynchronous motors is critical in industry, and intelligent diagnosis methods have demonstrated notable performance. However, the scarcity of labeled data in real-world scenarios constrains model performance, while efficiently extracting fault-related features from three-phase stator current signals remains a persistent challenge. In this article, a new method of knowledge distillation from high-fidelity electromagnetic simulations to actual measurement data is proposed. First, the empirical wavelet transform recurrence plot (EWT-RP) is proposed to adaptively decompose fault-induced components from current signals and convert them into 2-D colored images, emphasizing variances across both time and phases. A self-attention distillation strategy incorporating feature and attention distributions is designed to enable the model to inherit the capability of attending to fault-related representations from simulations. In addition, a novel class-aware Sinkhorn distance (CASD) is proposed to achieve intraclass knowledge transport. Comparative and ablation experiments conducted on an asynchronous motor under two operating conditions validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 14:11:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2735059</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Early Fault Detection of Stator Interturn Short Circuit of Asynchronous Motor Based on Rotating High Frequency Voltage Injection</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2511565</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Detecting early stator interturn short-circuit faults in asynchronous motors online remains a significant challenge due to their subtle and elusive fault characteristics. Current methods utilizing high-frequency voltage signal injection are compromised by resistance imbalance faults, making it impossible to differentiate between the two while accurately locating interturn short-circuit faults. In this article, a method is proposed to obtain fault characteristics by comparing the difference of high-frequency current response between interturn short-circuit fault and resistance imbalance fault. At the same time, combined with the defined fault type discrimination index (DI), the phase location of interturn short-circuit fault and the distinction between interturn short-circuit fault and resistance imbalance fault are realized. Finally, the effectiveness of the method under different working conditions is verified by the 2.2-kW motor experimental platform.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 17:16:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2511565</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Pure Electric Brake of the Train with Speed Sensorless Vector Control</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975747</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, the pure electric brake of the train and the vector control of the asynchronous motor without speed sensor are studied, respectively. The pure electric brake of the train is controlled by a combination of regenerative brake and reverse brake. The estimation method of the feedback speed is based on the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS), and both the traditional MRAS and the improved MRAS are analyzed. In this paper, pure electric brake and MRAS estimation are combined to get a better system. Finally, by using the improved MRAS speed estimation method, a simulation of the pure electric brake with speed sensorless control is established with MATLAB simulation software to verify the study.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Aug 2024 09:03:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1975747</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Time Varying Characteristic Analysis of Asynchronous Motor Parameters</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2113734</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With the improvement of the running speed and the complexity of the running environment of high-speed EMUs, the requirements of the train traction drive system for the running performance of the motor are also increasing. The running performance of motor is closely related to the value of its electrical parameters. The model with constant motor parameters cannot really simulate the running process of motor under the actual working conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an asynchronous motor model that can simulate the actual parameter changes as accurately as possible for improving the motor performance. In this paper, the time-varying characteristics of motor parameters are analyzed theoretically, and then the time-varying characteristics of these motor parameters are calculated and verified by using the data obtained from motor test and ANSYS simulation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Apr 2023 09:51:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2113734</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Thermal analysis of the triple-phase asynchronous motor-reducer coupling system by thermal network method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1733127</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As the core components of mechanical power system, triple-phase asynchronous motor and reducer are required strictly for temperature control. In this paper, the triple-phase asynchronous motor and the reducer are regarded as a coupling system, and thermal network method is used to predict the temperature field distribution of the coupling system. The predicted temperature of the thermal network method is consistent with the experimental result and the finite-element analysis. Furthermore, analysis shows that motor output power, coefficient of friction between teeth and lubricating oil parameters have a great effect on reducing the temperature of the coupling system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2020 09:58:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1733127</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analysis of the effect of driving motor on electric vehicle dynamic performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1504610</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Dynamic performance is the most essential and important performance for vehicles. To find influencing rules on electric vehicle (EV) dynamic performance, this paper tests and analyses the effect of driving motor system and transmission gear selection on EV dynamic performance. By taking an AC asynchronous motor with rated power of 32 kW as the research object, tests are performed to analyse the effect of motor torque in a high-speed flux-weakening range, as well as the effect of motor temperature and bus voltage on motor driving torque. Tests are performed to analyse the effect of motor driving torque limit on dynamic performance. Additionally, real vehicle tests are taken to analyse the influence of transmission gear selection on EV dynamic performance. The above-mentioned research could provide the basis for the matching among EV powertrain key parts, and the basis for the optimised control of EV dynamic performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2018 16:47:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1504610</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Statistical Process Control Applied in Analysis of Defects in Asynchronous Electrical Machines</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1375476</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The paper refers to defects recorded for asynchronous electrical motors. The aim of the paper is to conclude about the quality of the production process of the asynchronous electrical machines using the statistical process control. The main objective of statistical process control is to find and conclude about the abnormalities in the production processes, using statistical tools of analysis and control, the so called quality control charts. For a certain measured quality characteristic, analyzing the corresponding control chart of that characteristic, one can conclude about the fact whether the respective process is getting out of the control or it is under control. These conclusions are made using the so called control limits – LCL and UCL (lower and upper control limit).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2015 09:27:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1375476</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Energy Management Based on Frequency Approach for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications: Fuel-Cell/Lithium-Battery and Ultracapacitors</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1222827</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents the ultracapacitors and fuel-cell/lithium-battery connection with an original energy management method for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. The proposed method is focused on the frequency approach to meet the load energy requirement. The ultracapacitors are connected to the dc link through a buck-boost converter, and the fuel cell is connected to the dc link via a boost converter for the first topology. In the second topology, the lithium battery is connected to the dc link without a converter to avoid the dc-link voltage control. An asynchronous machine is used like the traction motor; it is related to the dc link through a dc/ac converter (inverter). The main contribution of this paper is focused on HEV energy management according to the dynamics (frequency) of the hybrid sources using polynomial correctors. The performances of the proposed method are evaluated through some simulations and the experimental tests, using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). This study is extended to an aggressive test cycle, such as the U.S. driving cycle (USDC), to understand the system response and the control performances.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Dec 2014 10:21:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1222827</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Driving Equipment with Three-Phase Inverters and Asynchronous Traction Motors for Trolleys and Trams</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/967998</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper on the use of driving equipment for trolleys and trams with three-phase inverters and asynchronous tractions motors is from the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer System Design and Operation in Railways and Other Transit Systems, held in Beijing, China, in 2010.   The authors’ company, ICPE SAERP S.A., is the main producer of electric drives for urban traction and for railway vehicles in Romania. The authors stress that improvement of passenger comfort and the downsizing of costs is a must for public transportation companies, particularly for trolleybuses and trams.  Both of these goals can be achieved by using modern electric drives (DC choppers or three-phase inverters), which can reduce power consumption and increase control of the vehicle.  The main products for electric traction are: drives for traction motors of the vehicles (DC choppers for DC series motors and three-phase inverters for asynchronous and for synchronous motors) and converters for auxiliary services of the vehicles with two development directions, battery chargers (DC converters) for drive supply (24Vdc or 110Vdc) and three-phase inverters for auxiliary asynchronous motors (steering, compressor). The authors describe trolley and tram driving equipment with three-phase inverters for asynchronous motors that ICPE SAERP has delivered in the past three years.  The paper also presents the equipment’s performances and analysis of the principles for electrical power diagrams.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Oct 2010 14:52:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/967998</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analysis of Asynchronous Triphase Electric Motors Used in AC Propulsion System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/917893</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With respect to asynchronous engines used in the electrical propulsion of ships, several features have been subjected to close examination in this article: the moment when sliding, the mechanical characteristic between motor speed and coupling as well as between coupling and sliding in accordance with the rotor speed, and finally the coupling characteristics of asynchronous engines and the related mechanisms.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 May 2010 14:07:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/917893</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Experimental Method of Investigation of an Asynchronous Induction Motor's Magnetic Fields</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/912594</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Asynchronous induction motors are the most commonly used motors in ship electric drives. The investigation of their magnetic fields is an essential part of their working regimes exploring. The magnetic fields of an asynchronous induction motor are studied using an experimental method that enables the screening of the magnitude and the shape of the magnetic fields in the stator and in the rotor, separately and in joint action in different working regimes of the motor.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2010 10:59:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/912594</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Aspect of Vector Control Using the Asynchronous Traction Motor in Locomotives</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/908365</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The article examines curves controlling asynchronous traction motors increasingly used in locomotive electric drives the main task of which is to create attractive effort-speed curve of an ideal locomotive Fk = f(v), including a hyperbolic area the curve of which will create conditions showing that energy created by the diesel engine of diesel locomotives (electric locomotives and in case of electric trains, electricity taken from the contact network) over the entire range of locomotive speed is turned into efficient work. Mechanical power on wheel sets is constant Pk = Fkv = const, the power of the diesel engine is fully used over the entire range of locomotive speed. Tractive effort speed curve Fk(v) shows the dependency of locomotive traction power Fk on movement speed v. The article presents theoretical and practical aspects relevant to creating the structure of locomotive electric drive and selecting optimal control that is especially relevant to creating the structure of locomotive electric drive using ATM (asynchronous traction motor) that gains special popularity in traction rolling stock replacing DC traction motors having low reliability. The frequency modes of asynchronous motor speed regulation are examined. To control ATM, the authors suggest the method of vector control presenting the structural schemes of a locomotive with ATM and control algorithm.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 08:07:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/908365</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>French Smash World Speed Record: Test Train Reaches 574.8 km/h on TGV Est</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/810882</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On April 4, 2007, the TGV Est (V150) test train set the world speed record for rail by reaching speeds of 574.8 km/h, almost 60 km/h greater than the previous record, on the Paris-Strasbourg (France) high speed line after almost three months of validation and testing. A joint venture of Alstom, French National Railways (SNCF) and the French Rail Network (RFF), the record breaking ride was France's Excellence in Very High Speed Rail program's culmination. A concentrated power combination in the permanent magnet synchronous motor distributed power and power car asynchronous motors provide an unusual feature for the V150. Throughout the V150 program, AGV bogies, tested for the first time, performed faultlessly.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2007 09:18:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/810882</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MOTORS FOR TRAM DRIVES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/757903</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an examination of different electric motors used in variable speed drives such as drives for roll mills, or drives that need to operate with minimum energy consumption. The drives can run on a dc motor with electromagnetic excitation from a power electronics converter, or one excited by permanent magnets. They can also run on a cage induction motor, a slip-ring induction motor or a brushless motor. The various options are considered, and a table is presented with parameter for five different specifications across the motor types. The brushless motor with an electronic commutator excited with permanent magnets has the best operational parameters, with the power and efficiency ratings the highest. It is as reliable as a cage induction motor since there are no movable contacts and no active power losses in the rotor.  It also ensures the highest overload capacity of all the investigated motors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 Jul 2005 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/757903</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FOCUS ON FRANCE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/278666</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Twelve short reports on the activities of the French transit industry are presented here.  They cover developments in Paris, Lille, Lyon, Marseilles and other places within France as well as how these developments are being applied in Cairo, the United States and elsewhere around the world.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Aug 2004 04:50:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/278666</guid>
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