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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=PHNlYXJjaD48cGFyYW1zPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJkYXRlaW4iIHZhbHVlPSJhbGwiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9InN1YmplY3Rsb2dpYyIgdmFsdWU9Im9yIiAvPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJ0ZXJtc2xvZ2ljIiB2YWx1ZT0ib3IiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9ImxvY2F0aW9uIiB2YWx1ZT0iMCIgLz48L3BhcmFtcz48ZmlsdGVycz48ZmlsdGVyIGZpZWxkPSJpbmRleHRlcm1zIiB2YWx1ZT0iJnF1b3Q7QW5ndWxhciB2ZWxvY2l0eSZxdW90OyIgb3JpZ2luYWxfdmFsdWU9IiZxdW90O0FuZ3VsYXIgdmVsb2NpdHkmcXVvdDsiIC8+PC9maWx0ZXJzPjxyYW5nZXMgLz48c29ydHM+PHNvcnQgZmllbGQ9InB1Ymxpc2hlZCIgb3JkZXI9ImRlc2MiIC8+PC9zb3J0cz48cGVyc2lzdHM+PHBlcnNpc3QgbmFtZT0icmFuZ2V0eXBlIiB2YWx1ZT0icHVibGlzaGVkZGF0ZSIgLz48L3BlcnNpc3RzPjwvc2VhcmNoPg==" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Influence of Urban Underground Spiral Ramp Curve Design on Vehicle Running Performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691510</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Urban underground spiral ramps’ continuous curves and the monotonous tunnel environment increase driving safety risks and reduce vehicle stability. To clarify the influence of road geometric alignment parameters on vehicle acceleration in urban underground spiral ramp curves, a real vehicle test was conducted on the Jiefangbei Underground Ring Road - Hongyamen Underground Road in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China. On-board instruments collected acceleration data from 20 drivers to analyse how curve radius and angle affect the vehicle’s three-axis acceleration. The results show that: (1) The exit acceleration of the spiral ramp curve is positively correlated with the curve radius and negatively correlated with the turning angle, while entrance deceleration exhibits the opposite trend. (2) Lateral acceleration is negatively correlated with curve radius but positively correlated with turning angle. (3) Vertical acceleration increases with curve radius on upward curves and decreases on downward ones; the opposite occurs with turning angle. (4) Vehicle acceleration differs significantly under varying radii and turning angles. The average exit acceleration is higher for ordinary-radius (or small turning angle) curves than for small-radius (or large turning angle) curves, while the average lateral acceleration exhibits the opposite trend. These findings reveal passenger car driving behaviour characteristics on urban underground spiral ramps, supporting future curve geometric design and safety studies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 10:45:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691510</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>On the influence of wheel-rail combination on active wheelset steering control with wheelset angular velocity feedback and countermeasures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691014</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Active wheelset steering using wheelset angular velocity feedback has been proposed and proven effective in achieving one of the goals for perfect steering condition, i.e. minimising longitudinal creep forces and thus wear. This control strategy relies on the contact parameters of wheel-rail pairs to generate a desired angular velocity by using the wheel rolling radii. Some wheel-rail combinations give a non-monotonic function of the average rolling radius with respect to curve radius, which therefore poses a difficulty in controlling active steering with the angular velocity feedback. This study aims to investigate the effect of different wheel-rail combinations and wheel wear. Worn wheels in general tend to cause a non-unique function whereas the original profile gives a monotonic one. Two countermeasures are then investigated to cope with the raised challenges. First, the reference signal generated from the approximated average rolling radius method has proven to be effective for both the original and the least worn profile; however, a wheel with higher wear depths would require a new tuned scaling factor. The control strategy based on equal wheelset angular velocity is then investigated with two schemes: equal wheelset angular velocity within the same running gear and equal angular velocity of all wheelsets within the vehicle. Both schemes provide significant wear number reduction, but the second approach results in better distribution of wheel-rail lateral forces among all wheelsets. This control strategy can also relax the demanded knowledge of wheel-rail contact properties and vehicle travelling speed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 10:45:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691014</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Dynamic response and performance of subsea sandwich pipelines with various interlayers subjected to underwater collision</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2560108</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Compared to single-layer pipelines, sandwich pipelines exhibit superior resistance to accidental collisions caused by falling objects. However, previous research has rarely examined sandwich pipelines with different interlayer materials under underwater collisions. This study developed an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) based numerical model to predict the behavior of the sandwich pipe when subjected to complex underwater collision scenarios, considering the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effects. Subsequently, comparative simulations were performed using the Lagrange method to evaluate its feasibility and accuracy. The results indicate a good agreement between the ALE and Lagrange models. A sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the Lagrange collision model, and investigated the effect of collision velocity, collision angle, seabed properties and interlayer medium on the responses of the sandwich pipeline including deformation, stress, and energy properties. It is concluded that increasing the collision angle, decreasing the collision velocity, and enhancing the seabed stiffness reduce pipeline damage. The inner pipe deformation was more sensitive to the density of the interlayer foam than the outer pipe. Additionally, the water-filled interlayer exhibited superior resistance to collision loads compared to the air-filled interlayer.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 2025 11:42:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2560108</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Operational Control of the Diesel Technical Condition of the Track-Laying Crane by the Signal of the Crankshaft Instantaneous Angular Velocity</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2406872</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The aim of the work is to develop and study a method for monitoring the technical condition of YaMZ-238D four-stroke V8 diesel engine of UK-25/25 laying crane by signal of the crankshaft instantaneous angular velocity. A refined mathematical model of the diesel shaft line has been developed taking into account both elastic properties of the shaft line sections and energy dissipation in the bearing units. The periodic nature of change in the shaft line instantaneous angular velocity makes it possible to use a Fourier transform to analyze amplitude spectra of the instantaneous crankshaft rotation speed, which spectral density depends on the shape of the total torque acting on the shaft line from the side of diesel cylinders. The results of modeling the diesel speed characteristics modes show that the spectral density of the signal of the crankshaft instantaneous angular velocity changes significantly when power of one of the cylinders decreases by 50% or more that allows to use this method for an integral assessment of the working process quality in diesel cylinders. At the same time localization of a faulty cylinder based on the analysis of the amplitude spectrum of the instantaneous angular velocity signal is possible only in the presence of a phase mark signal that is absent in serial engines. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use a wavelet transform of the crankshaft instantaneous angular velocity signal that converts the signal to the time-frequency domain and allows determining not only the general technical condition of the diesel engine, but also localizing the faulty cylinder.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2025 13:25:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2406872</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A strategy for vehicle air resistance and rolling resistance calculation based on the hierarchical estimation method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2419980</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To accurately calculate the air resistance and rolling resistance of the moving vehicle, the authors propose an adaptive hierarchical estimation method. Firstly, real-time road slope is obtained by correcting the accelerometer with angular velocity short-time integration. Then, a sliding mode observer (SMO) is employed to estimate the vehicle's longitudinal driving force and tyre lateral force. The road slope estimated by fusion algorithm and tyre force obtained from sliding mode observer are used as inputs for an adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) with proportional parameters, enabling the separate estimation of tyre rolling resistance coefficient and air resistance coefficient. Further, the rolling resistance for different tyres is calculated by applying vertical loads. In the hierarchical algorithm, a new SMO, AEKF, and fast slope fusion algorithm are introduced, enhancing the precision and robustness of the algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is validated through simulation tests and real vehicle experiments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Sep 2024 09:04:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2419980</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Calculation of an Average Vehicle’s Sideways Acceleration on Small Roundabouts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1992640</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The calculation of the average sideways acceleration, based on speed and angular velocity on small roundabouts for a vehicle of up to 3.5 t gross vehicle mass, is described in this paper. Calculations of the turning radius are derived from angular velocity and an automatic selection of events, based on the lateral acceleration of the coefficient of variation within a defined time window. The calculation of the turning radius based on speed and angular velocity yields almost identical results to the calculation of the turning radius by the three-point method using GPS coordinates, as described in previous research. This means that the calculation of the turning radius, derived from the speed of GNSS/INS dual-antenna sensor and gyroscope data, yields similar results to those from the computation of the turning radius derived from the coordinates of a GNSS/INS dual-antenna sensor. The research results can be used in the development of sensors to improve road safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 2022 13:39:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1992640</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A motion tracking approach to position marine floating structures based on measured acceleration and angular velocity</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1982442</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One of the major challenges arising from dynamic response measurement of floating structures is to effectively track their 6DOF response in harsh environments. Although the combination of GPS and INS techniques has the ability to estimate the positioning of floating structures, it is tedious that the corrections of response measurements have to be carried out at regular intervals due to the low accuracy, instability and various harsh environments. Aiming at achieving long-term stable and efficient measurements of floating structural responses, a motion tracking approach based on the combination of the accelerations and angular velocities has been proposed in this paper. First, a novel displacement reconstruction model has been established to effectively determine the translational displacements of floating structures. Following that, to correct the errors of tilt and coordinate data from the measured accelerometers, the quaternion method has been applied to update the dynamic Euler angle. The major contributions of this research include: (1) the development of a non-integral drift-free method for displacement reconstructions without GPS and (2) the realization of a synchronous tracking system considering dynamic tilt error of accelerometers for floating structures with the motions in 6-DOF. To demonstrate the correctness of the proposed approach, two numerical examples have been examined to track the motion of floating structures. Numerical results have shown that the maximum error of the reconstructed displacement between the proposed approach and Orcaflex is only 0.8096%, indicating their good agreement. Then, a physical experiment of a semi-submersible platform under the action of regular and irregular waves has been conducted to verify the feasibility of the developed tracking approach by comparison of the data from the traditional optical device and camera. The results show that the proposed method has the ability to effectively predict the operation conditions of floating structures and provides a valuable insight into the development of an efficient synchronous tracking system for various engineering applications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jun 2022 09:16:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1982442</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Using trigonometric functions and E.D.R. data to solve velocity vector triangles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1957134</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum is one of the most used methods of reconstructing of motor vehicle crashes. However, of evidence at the scene is lacking and the reconstructionists is unable to discover necessary pieces of information for the vehicles, they may abandon speed analysis at the start. Data from the data event recorders (EDRs) should still be collected to gain a different perspective. Velocity vectors from each vehicle, the unique triangle, can be constructed to represent the whole picture of the collision. This article demonstrates the use of trigonometric functions to solve velocity vector triangles.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 May 2022 09:40:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1957134</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Developing an approach for identifying and fixing faults of angular velocity sensors on aerial vehicles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1903435</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The new era of aerial vehicles necessitates intelligent approaches towards fault diagnosis to ensure a safe flight. Furthermore, a recent attempt to accommodate several aircraft in the airspace requires ensuring a safety level. This study proposed fault detection and diagnosis for angular velocity sensors (AVS) on aerial vehicles (AV). A novel approach to identify and fix faults of angular velocity sensors is presented based on these results: 1) a sensor fault is diagnosed through the diagnosis algorithm based on the sensor model; 2) a specific type of sensor fault is identified using a developed algorithm; 3) the specific fault is corrected by applying the specific algorithm. The proposed method is verified by using numerical simulation experiments. The simulation results show that the AVS faults caused by drifting signals and changing coefficients are identified and corrected automatically.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Apr 2022 17:02:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1903435</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation on asphalt-screed interaction during pre-compaction: Improving paving effect via numerical simulation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1845947</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pavement pre-compaction is vital for asphalt pavement construction due to its influence on the quality and service life of asphalt pavement. Conventional methods of evaluating and researching the pavement pre-compaction are based on mixture density with empirical theories, which cannot provide an understanding of asphalt-screed interaction during pre-compaction. An innovative approach is developed in this paper to evaluate pavement pre-compaction through Discrete Element Model (DEM) simulation. The contact model and input parameters were discussed and defined separately based on the real condition of paving compaction. A field test about paving compaction was conducted as well for the model validation, in the test track, the operations of paving machine can be adjusted such as paving speed, paving angle, and paving thickness. In addition, the optimized working operation was recommended in this paper based on the results from DEM simulation as well as filed test. Finally, a method to evaluate the pre-compaction of bulk materials via the average aggregate angular velocity was proposed in this study and validated through the test track, and the index Compaction Increase Ratio (CIR) was defined to compare and describe the quality of pre-compaction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 May 2021 10:56:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1845947</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Numerical Simulation Research on Pressure during Door Closure of Commercial Vehicle</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1779954</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The magnitude of door closing force is important in vehicle NVH characters, and in most case, it is not fully studied by computer aided engineering (CAE) in an early developing stage. The research took a heavy-duty truck as the study object and used Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) method with dynamic mesh to analyze the flow field of the cabin during door closing process. The change trend of pressure with time was obtained, and the influence of different factors was studied. The experiments were conducted to verify the results. Results show that the velocity of closing door and the size of relief holes have a significant influence on cabin interior pressure, and greater velocity leads to larger the pressure in cabin. The initial angle of the door affects interior pressure less comparing with the velocity of closing door. The interior pressure could be reduced effectively with the method of decreasing the velocity of closing door and increasing the size of relief holes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 03 May 2021 11:49:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1779954</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Inverse modeling approach for transformation of propeller shaft angular deformation and velocity to propeller torque load</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1640538</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In full-scale trials or model-scale tests, the propeller torque load is typically measured indirectly on the propeller shaft. Due to structural flexibility and mass of the propeller and propeller shaft, the measured propeller shaft torque response includes a time delay and amplitude difference compared to the propeller load. These differences are usually small during propeller operation, but may be significant during transient states (i. e. starting of the engine, rough sea, or operation in ice-covered waters). In this paper, an inverse model is used to calculate propeller load based on the propeller shaft response. The results indicate that the inverse model can be less complex than the complete propulsion machinery model and consider only the propeller and propeller shaft. Several modeling approaches are tested based on four proposed measuring setups and three forms of system discretization. Out of five inverse modeling approaches, two approaches showed the ability to transform measured propeller shaft angular deformation and velocity responses, colored with noise, into the corresponding rule-based propeller torque load with acceptable accuracy. Furthermore, the robustness of the inverse approaches to the random ice-propeller interaction, sampling frequency, measuring location along the propeller shaft and starting time (before and during ice-propeller interaction), is discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Oct 2019 14:42:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1640538</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Nonlinear stability analysis of motor bogies for high-speed trains</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1647886</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The traction motor flexibly suspended on the bogie frame is conducive to the lateral dynamic performance of high-speed trains. At present, most of the researches about the influences of suspension parameters of the traction motor on the stability of the bogie are limited to the linear system. In this paper, according to the suspension mode of the traction motor of a certain type of high-speed train in China, the dynamic equations of the motorized bogie with eight degrees of freedom are derived, and the nonlinear stability of the bogie system is analyzed. The bifurcation diagrams of the bogie system with different motor suspension parameters are obtained by using the continuation algorithm, and the linear and nonlinear critical speeds of the system are studied. The study shows that the suspension stiffness, damping coefficient, and the mass of the motor significantly affect the critical speeds of the bogie system. Then the mechanisms of the influence of suspension parameters on the linear and nonlinear critical speeds of the bogie are analyzed by the root locus method and Hopf bifurcation normal form theory, respectively.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Sep 2019 15:07:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1647886</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Motion Analysis of a Passenger in Reaction to Vehicle Sway Associated with Seating Posture</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1595089</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A passenger seated on a 6-axis motion base has been exposed to vehicle sway that simulates lane-changing with the seat which changed the torso angle of the back rest and the position of the arm rest. The logistic regression result of the relationship between the subjective evaluation and the motion of the physical parts of the passenger measured with a motion capture system suggests that the angular velocity of skull is a major factor that influences subjective evaluation. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the armrest position influences the angular velocity of skull.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 May 2019 10:23:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1595089</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Angular Velocity Perception Threshold and Sense of Presence for a
                    Three Degrees of Freedom (DOF) Driving Simulator in Virtual
                    Environment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1580276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Angular velocity perception plays an important role for a better sense of                     presence in driving simulators.         This paper deals with the angular velocity perception threshold and sense of                     presence.         A three degrees of freedom (DOF: roll, pitch, and heave) driving simulator, a                     motion tracking sensor, a driving simulation software, and self-prepared                     questionnaires were used.         Due to the subjective assessments, there were no significant differences between                     static and dynamic platform types. Eight different cases were investigated with                     respect to visual and inertial factors (field of view (FOV) and motion                     platform).         Subjective evaluations showed that there were no significant differences between                     static and dynamic conditions. Lower FOV, static platform, stereo vision                     condition has provided the best condition (best realism depending on                     objective-subjective measure relationship).       ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 2019 10:14:38 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1580276</guid>
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