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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>THE USE OF DICHLOROMETHANE IN THE RECOVERY OF BITUMEN FROM ROAD MATERIALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/100922</link>
      <description><![CDATA[CARBON DISULPHIDE, WHICH IS THE SOLVENT SPECIFIED FOR USE IN THE STANDARD METHODS OF RECOVERING BITUMENS FROM ROAD MATERIALS, IS HIGHLY FLAMMABLE AND EXTREMELY TOXIC. THIS REPORT GIVES THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS CARRIED OUT TO DETERMINE WHETHER DICHLOROMETHANE, WHICH IS NON-FLAMMABLE AND OF LOW TOXICITY, COULD BE USED INSTEAD. THESE RESULTS SHOW THAT THE SUBSTITUTION CAUSES NO MARKED CHANGE IN THE VISCOSITY OF PENETRATION-GRADE BITUMENS SUBJECTED TO THE RECOVERY PROCESS. DICHLOROMETHANE CANNOT AT PRESENT BE RECOMMENDED FOR THE RECOVERY OF CUT-BACK BITUMENS AND THE PROBLEM OF RECOVERY OF SUCH BINDERS WITH ANY SOLVENT REQUIRES FURTHER INVESTIGATION. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 May 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/100922</guid>
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      <title>A NEW METHOD FOR MEASURING BULK DENSITY OF SOIL AND POROUS STONES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/123673</link>
      <description><![CDATA[WHEN BULK SOIL OR A POROUS STONE SPECIMEN PREVIOUSLY SPRAYED WITH AN ALUMINUM SULFATE SOLUTION COMES IN CONTACT WITH A SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE SOLUTION, A THIN IMPERMEABLE FILM POLYMERIZES ON THE SPECIMEN. THE SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL-CELLULOSE SOLUTION CAN THEN BE USED AS A VOLUMETRIC LIQUID FOR BULK DENSITY MEASUREMENT. THE FILM CORRESPONDS CLOSELY TO THE SPECIMEN SURFACE, ELIMINATING ERRORS PRESENT WHEN A PLASTIC OR RUBBER FILM IS STRETCHED OVER PARTICLES, AND THE METHOD IS LESS TIME CONSUMING THAN COATING PARTICLES WITH PARAFFIN WAS. TESTS PERFORMED ON SEVERAL TYPES OF SOILS INDICATE THAT IN SOME CASES THIS METHOD CAN SUBSTITUTE SUCCESSFULLY FOR THE SAND-CONE METHOD IN FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF BULK DENSITY. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 01 May 1994 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF HIGHER ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/180839</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is a report on drinking experiments with 10 volunteers. Successively synthetic mixtures of 60 per cent orange juice and 40 per cent ethanol (v/v) alone, and with 1 mg/l admixtures of the most common congeners, one by one, were offered.  At trial start, 60 minutes after consumption, and the following morning performance tests and personal interviews were carried out.  Under all experiments with admixtures of higher aliphatic alcohols during both the acute phase and the next morning, performance deteriorations occurred.  During the postethanolic phase, moreover, subective sensations such as hangover were observed. There seems to be a connection with molecule characteristics, such as carbon chain length, branching and location of the hydroxyl group.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Jul 1982 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/180839</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>CONTRIBUTION OF OXIDATION TO THE WEAR OF CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/87168</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An investigation was made on composites for aircraft brake materials.  Wear rate increased with increasing oxygen partial pressure; the wear in air was more than 4.5 times the wear in an inert atmosphere.  At least 60% of the total weight loss was caused by oxidation, that is, direct removal by conversion of the solid to CO and CO2.  Oxidation weakened the surface and subsurface, which in turn facilitated material removal by mechanical action at the rubbing interfaces.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/87168</guid>
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      <title>INVESTIGATION OF FUEL ECONOMY POTENTIAL OF SIX 1976-MODEL VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/69834</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Experimental work was performed to determine the fuel-economy potential of eighteen 1976 model automobiles representing six different models ranging in weight from 3,000 to 5,000 lb. The fuel-economy potential was determined by adjusting the engines to best fuel economy achievable with acceptable driveability but without constraints on emissions. Comparable data obtained on the vehicles adjusted per manufacturers' specifications provided baseline data from which to quantify fuel-economy differential brought about by imposing emission controls to meet 1976 Federal emission standards. In results of tests with six different 1976 model automobiles, combined city/highway fuel economy improved within the range 4.3 to 14.1% when constraints upon engine parametric adjustments were removed. The average fuel-economy improvement for all six car models was 8.6%. Results on fuel economy and emissions for urban, highway, and steady-state driving cycles are discussed. (ERA citation 03:015402)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jun 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/69834</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER IN VEHICLE EXHAUST</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/40386</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The particulate matter entitted from present-day cars is a complex mixture of inorganic salts, soot and carbonaceous material.  Measurement and characterization of such particles require elaborate sampling systems and sophisticated analytical techniques.  This paper is a review of the major contributions in this area.  A number of systems suitable for sampling and characterization of the exhaust particles are described.  Also included is a wide selection of data from a number of workers that, in the author's opinion, best represent the state of the art. /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Nov 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/40386</guid>
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      <title>SYNTHETIC GASOLINE FROM THE CARBON OF LIMESTONE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/40174</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Energy from fossil carbon sources are briefly reviewed and the possibilities are detailed of utilizing limestone to produce a synthetic liquid hydrocarbon.  The Bergins and Fischer-Tropsch processes of coal liquefication are outlined.  An effort is now underway towards initiating the large scale production of synthetic benzene and other aromatics that can be made from it.  The methods utilized in this method may be summarized: the limestone or other carbonate or carbonized material (such as charcoal, agricultural wastes, forestry materials etc.) is converted to lime and the carbon dioxide collected.  The gas is then purified and reacted with molten lithium metal at approximately 1300 deg. F.  An alternative is outlined whereby the limestone is reacted under vacuum and at 1300 deg. F, directly with molten lithium.  In this case, the lime is removed from the solution resulting from the carbide hydrolysis and the lithium recovered for recycling. The chemical yields in the acetylene-producing steps are better than 90 percent.  The lithium carbide hydrolysis generates acetylene that is purified in various ways before being submitted to a catalyst (vanadium or chromium activated beads) for cyclization to benzene.  Catalyst activity is discussed.  The use of synthetic benzene and derivatives as extenders for petroleum fuels is reviewed. The advantages are described of a synthetic benzene content of 10 to 20 percent of regular gasoline.  Environmental considerations in the production of synthetic benzene are outlined: the recycling of intermediates in the process of benezene production; reactivation of the catalyst; and the use of a waste product as the raw material in the production (of benzene) itself.  Some advantages in the synthesized benezene internal conbustion fuel constituent are listed. The most important among these are the reduction of U.S. dependence on imported oil.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Sep 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/40174</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>THE USE OF LIQUID SCINTILLATION FOR THE ASSAY OF CARBON-14 IN CLAY AND SOIL SUSPENSIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/26635</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of liquid scintilation for the assay of C14 in layer silicate and soil suspensions is evaluated by various procedures with several scintilator media.  The effects of sample weight, color, settling time, and the level of activity on the counting characteristics of scintillator media which contain soils and layer silicates are presented. Highly statistically significant linear regressions, which differed for each solid tested, were obtained between the level of activity added and the observed activity.  The differences between the materials tested were related predominantly to the color which the solid imparted to the scintillator medium.  A procedure for the determination of the retention of carbon compounds by layer silicates and soils is presented.  The procedure described is specific, but can easily be modified to fit the needs of related studies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Jul 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/26635</guid>
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