<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Economies of Scale in Operating Costs for LRT and Streetcars</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1288617</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Operating and maintenance (O&M) costs receive less attention than might be warranted, given  that they recur each year as part of a transit agency’s budgeting process. A number of things can  be learned from the annual O&M costs incurred by the existing streetcar and light rail transit  (LRT) systems operating in North America. First and foremost among these is that modal  average ‘unit costs’ for O&M can be very misleading. The range in O&M costs per passenger-mile (the most objective overall measure of the cost of providing transportation service per unit  of service actually consumed) varies by almost two orders of magnitude (from about 12 cents to  almost 6 dollars), and substantial variances exist within individual modes due to the factors  mentioned above. For LRT (light rail transit) and streetcars, there are some significant economies of scale that drive down the O&M unit costs (per passenger-mile) between very small and very large systems. These can be better understood in terms of PTD (passenger traffic density), system size (route-miles), and ACS (average commercial speed). This paper explores these  relationships based on data reported to FTA (Federal Transit Administration) and CUTA (Canadian Urban Transit Association) for the calendar year 2009,  and identifies circumstances under which caution should be exercised in making generalizations about rail O&M costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Mar 2014 10:13:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1288617</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Conducting risk analysis in public transport networks – guidelines for users</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1114520</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ensuring the security of public transport is particularly challenging for reasons such as the open and accessible nature of public transport networks and the limited resources of the operators. Conducting a security risk assessment study is therefore a useful starting point. First, a risk analysis is conducted to establish the occurrence and impact of threats on the network. This is then followed by a vulnerability assessment study, which helps to decide where and how to invest scarce resources to protect the system. To summarize, we can say that: Risk Assessment = Risk Analysis + Vulnerability Assessment. Due to length restrictions, the present article will focus on risk analysis. The issue of the vulnerability assessment can be found in the full study*. A security risk analysis is different to a safety risk analysis. For example, a safety risk analysis can make use of frequency of occurrence of safety events using data from experience. Due to the rarity of terrorist attacks on public transport, the element of frequency cannot be used for a security risk analysis. The International Association of Public Transport (UITP) Security Commission† identified security risk assessment as a priority topic for research. Therefore, in the context of COUNTERACT, a European project funded by the European Commission, UITP and the project team developed ‘Generic Guidelines for Conducting Security Risk Assessment in Public Transport Networks’. The user-friendly guidelines, which were successfully tested by an urban public transport operator, outline a qualitative risk assessment methodology which can be adapted by the operator to suit specific needs, in a step-by-step approach, specifically designed for public transport. This article will outline how the methodology was developed, as well as lessons learned from the test which was carried out. To supplement these User Guidelines, further details of the risk assessment methodology are presented in the accompanying paper by Sanchez.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Aug 2011 07:27:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1114520</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Ptx2 Awards: The Ambition to Boost Public Transport Rewarded</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1108850</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The International Association of Public Transport (UITP) is promoting a goal of doubling public transportation’s modal share worldwide by 2025.  Several UITP members have already achieved or made significant progress towards this goal, which UITP calls PTx2. The UITP has established awards to recognize these efforts.  This article provides a description of the winning organizations and their programs in several categories:  daring ambition (Abu Dhabi Department of Transport, United Arab Emirates); finance innovation (Compania Uruguaya de Transportes Colectivos, Uruguay); knowledge and research (Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology University, India); political commitment (Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority, Nigeria), public transport advocacy (Canadian Urban Transit Association, Canada); service improvement (Azienda Transporti Bergamo, Italy); and technology and innovation (VIX Technology and Cityway, France).  Two special awards were given to organizations that have embarked on long-term programs that comply perfectly with PTx2 objectives:  Singapore’s Land Transport Authority and Sweden’s Svensk Kollektivtrafik.  These brief case studies can provide inspiration for other organizations working toward their own PTx2 goals.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Aug 2011 07:07:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1108850</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Building the Future Together: Transportation Professionals Across the Globe Work Together Through Association Involvement</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/871636</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article describes a number of organizations through which transportation professionals around the world get together to exchange information. It includes interviews with leaders representing the following associations: International Association of Public Transport, Women’s Transportation Seminar, South West Transit Association, Reconnecting America, and Canadian Urban Transit Association. The leaders discuss the importance of educating youth to enter the world of public transportation and endorse the benefits of working together, sharing resources, and networking.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2008 10:04:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/871636</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Transit: The Engine of Economic Growth</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/863255</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article is the executive summary from “Issue Paper No.5: Transit Means Business: The Economic Case for Public Transit in Canada.” The issue paper can be viewed at http://www.cutaactu.ca/en/issue_papers . The information was generated by a study commissioned in February 2003 to survey the economic benefit of public transit in Canada. Public transit was known to be a $3.2 billion business, excluding capital expenditures and economic spin-offs, but no one had attempted to measure the economic benefits. The report located a large amount of material on the subject, though much of it was scattered or out of date. Production inefficiencies in the overall economy could be eliminated or reduced with proper investment in transit. The relative benefits of investments in transit tend to increase with the size of the urban area that the system serves. The large groupings where benefits are seen are: economic activity and spending, increased labor mobility and access and mobility for other groups, and improvements in health and safety due to reduced traffic accidents and air pollution. Benefits in each area are identified and given monetary estimates.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jun 2008 08:29:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/863255</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantifying Technical Efficiency of Paratransit Systems by Data Envelopment Analysis Method</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/801097</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research evaluates efficiency levels of individual paratransit systems in Canada with the specific objective of identifying the most efficient agencies and the sources of their efficiency. Through identification of the most efficient systems along with the influencing factors, new service policies and management and operational strategies might be developed for improved resource utilization and quality of services. The research applies the data envelopment analysis methodology, which is a mathematical programming technique for determining the efficiency of individual systems as compared with their peers in multiple performance measures. Annual operating data from 2001 to 2003 as reported by the Canadian Urban Transit Association are used in this analysis. A bootstrap regression analysis is performed to identify the possible relationship between the efficiency of a paratransit system and measurable operating or managerial factors that affect the performance of paratransit systems. The regression analysis allows for the calculation of confidence intervals and bias for the efficiency scores.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 May 2007 12:42:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/801097</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Century of Moving Canada - Public Transit 1904-2004</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/805313</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This book, commemorating the Canadian Urban Transit Association's (CUTA) centennial celebration, traces the history of public transit in Canada, from CUTA's beginning in 1904 as the Canadian Street Railway Association to the present.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2007 11:41:51 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/805313</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Private Sector Involvement in Canada’s Public Transport</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/792752</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article considers the public and private sector involvements in Canada’s public transport system, the Canadian Urban Transit Association (CUTA).  The author describes how the vast majority of systems have reverted to government, but how some are contracted out to private operators in specialized transit and smaller community conventional transit.  These competitive contracts are beneficial because they encourage innovations in operating practices and increase the efficiency of operations while minimizing unproductive hours.  Rather than only providing financial benefits, administrative flexibility is a strong motivator which, in turn, results in the opportunity for additional revenue and improved efficiency.  The author briefly mentions a couple of case examples where this has proven out: Whistler Municipal public transport system in the province of British Columbia, and the GO Transit suburban commuter rail in the Greater Toronto area.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Oct 2006 08:15:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/792752</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE ON HOV FACILITIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/377805</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This conference presentation provides a Canadian perspective on HOV applications.  An update on the general state of public transit in Canada is provided, the role of the Canadian Urban Transit Association is discussed, and a brief summary is given of the transit and HOV applications as they now exist in Canada and as they stand approved for development in the near future.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Jun 1993 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/377805</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REPRESENTING THE CANADIAN TRANSIT INDUSTRY'S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS: CUTA'S R&amp;D COORDINATION AND STRATEGIC RESEARCH PROGRAMS (APPENDIX A-2: A RESEARCH AGENDA FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/359158</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This resource paper, prepared for a mid-year meeting of the public transportation committees of the Transportation Research Board, reviews the Canadian experience with conducting and disseminating research on public transportation.  It focuses on the Canadian Urban Transit Association's (CUTA's) National Transit Research and Development Coordination Program and Strategic Research Program, which together have enabled CUTA to pursue a comprehensive approach to the transit R&D challenge.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 31 Aug 1991 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/359158</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>