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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>THE ADVANCE OF DEEP-SEA, FULLY CELLULAR CONTAINER SHIPPING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/78691</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Provides a concise account of the development of fully cellular deep-sea services to the present day and reviews the current pattern of activity.  There follows an extensive analysis of the deep-sea, fully cellular fleet with age, flag, capacity, speed, deck gear and dimensions amongst the characteristics investigated.  This leads on to a examination and estimation of the container capacity offered on the major deep-sea routes.  The study concludes with an analysis of the orderbook and a consideration, on a route-by-route basis, of future prospects for fully cellular services--both on established containerised routes and on those routes where containerisation has yet to penetrate to any significant extent.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Oct 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/78691</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>OPTIMIZATION OF CHASSIS REALLOCATION IN DOUBLESTACK CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/422700</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The significance of this research is rooted in the issue of equipment utilization.  In particular, the project addressed the issue of chassis logistics associated with containerized freight movements in the intermodal transportation industry.  The research focuses on the development of a model that optimizes the reallocation of the chassis to freight terminals to meet the desired demand.  The developed model provides minimum cost solutions to chassis allocation problems and characterizes the complexity of the model in order to demonstrate its practical significance.  A software system is also developed to incorporate the model as a basis for decision support in chassis fleet management issues.  The mathematical model is based on a modified version of the transportation algorithm.  In addition to accommodating the normal supply and demand requirements, the model must also take into account the time-dimension of the problem to achieve schedule feasibility.  Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed model is achieved by using scenarios supported by data collected from industry.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jul 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/422700</guid>
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      <title>A TWO-STAGE STOCHASTIC NETWORK MODEL AND SOLUTION METHODS FOR THE DYNAMIC EMPTY CONTAINER ALLOCATION PROBLEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/486871</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, the authors consider the dynamic empty container allocation problem where they need to reposition empty containers and to determine the number of leased containers needed to meet customers' demand over time. The authors formulate this problem as a two-stage stochastic network: in stage one, the parameters such as supplies, demands, and ship capacities for empty containers are deterministic; whereas in stage two, these parameters are random variables. Decisions need to be made in stage one such that the total of the stage one cost and the expected stage two cost is minimized. By taking advantage of the network structure, the authors show how a stochastic quasi-gradient method and a stochastic hybrid approximation procedure can be applied to solve the problem. In addition, the authors propose some new variations of these methods that seem to work faster in practice. The authors conduct numerical tests to evaluate the value of the two-stage stochastic model over a rolling horizon environment and to investigate the behavior of the solution methods with different implementations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/486871</guid>
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      <title>ON THE APPLICATION OF COMBINED MODELS: A CASE STUDY ON THE SIMULATION OF CONTAINER OPERATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/477479</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, performance of two different approaches to the simulation of service times, in situations in which service times are correlated, is analyzed. Loading and unloading of containers at marine intermodal terminals provided the case study. The first approach, that is referred to as combined model, expresses service times as a function of two components, systematic and random. The second approach relies on the use of empirical service time distributions to simulate service times by essentially assuming that service times are the outcomes of independent random variables. Results indicated that, overall, the combined model performed better than the empirical distribution. In addition, a significant advantage of the combined model is its ability to simulate situations different than the one used in its estimation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 1998 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/477479</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>FACING THE CHALLENGE. THE INTERMODAL TERMINAL OF THE FUTURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/482114</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this conference was to focus attention on the most costly element of intermodal service, the terminal.  In spite of all the recent activity in terminal construction, expansion and rehabilitation, the challenge left is in the development of even more efficient, high-productivity intermodal systems that generate a lower net unit cost per container or trailer.  The topics covered are: Surface treatment; Current facility design and construction projects; intermodal equipment, and Operations and process control systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Apr 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/482114</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>REFRIGERATED DOUBLE-STACK TRANSPORT OF PACIFIC NORTHWEST PERISHABLES TO MEXICO: PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/465025</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The U.S. intermodal industry is in the midst of what can be safely referred to as a "revolution", both in terms of growth and in terms of technological development.  Another type of "revolution" is underway in the area of perishables exports from the Pacific Northwest to Mexico.  The overall purpose of this paper is to determine whether the "revolution" in intermodal transportation and the "revolution" in Pacific Northwest fruit exports to Mexico can be feasibly merged.  Its specific objectives are to: 1. describe current and potential transportation alternatives for moving Pacific Northwest perishables to Mexico; 2. outline current constraints on transport efficiency; 3. estimate costs of a potential double-stack movement of fresh apples from Washington to Mexico; and 4. draw inferences regarding the feasibility of double-stack for transport of Pacific Northwest perishables to Mexico.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Oct 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/465025</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INTERMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/460043</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This edition of Intermodal Freight Transportation catalogues the development of the industry, including important advances which have occurred in the last few years.  The book is organized into 13 chapters, and 3 appendices.  The chapters cover the following areas: 1. Introduction; 2. How Intermodality Developed in the United States; 3. The Container Revolution; 4. Government Regulation and Deregulation; 5. Intermodal Movements by Rail and Motor Carrier; 6. Intermodal Movements by Air, Water and Bridge Services; 7. Intermodal Through Carriage Documents, Liability Rules and Facilitation; 8. Intermodal Transportation Facilitators; 9. Terminals and Cargo-Handling Equipment; 10. Intermodal Containers; 11. Communications and Information Technologies; 12. Competition; 13. The Future of Intermodalism.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jul 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/460043</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE COMBI-ROAD CONTROL SYSTEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/462159</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Combi-Road is a container transport system in which unmanned vehicles go continuously but separately along specially designed tracks keeping a set distance from each other.  Each unmanned vehicle is electrically powered and pulls a railway wagon or a (semi-) trailer along the track.  Depending on the previous and onward routes of the container, its carrier is selected to prevent a break in the connection to road or rail transport. Combi-Road offers a light track construction, low noise levels, and a low environmental impact.  Combi-Road needs to be fitted with an advanced automatic control system, because the vehicles will be unmanned.  This automatic control system will manage the entire transportation process, including the processing of customer orders, trip planning, traffic control, and the exchange on the interchange points.  In addition, it will contain all necessary fault detection and management functions.  This paper will focus on the system design, the first prototypes, and the entire development process.  The Combi-Road concept could be applied anywhere that container flows need to be transported for short or medium distances.  The first track of 43 km is projected in the Rotterdam area in the Netherlands and is planned to be operational in 2004.  Before this first track can be constructed, the completely new Combi-Road concept has to be tested in practice using a 2-km pilot track starting in 1996.  Initial small scale trials will begin in late 1995.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Jun 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/462159</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE ANALYSIS ON RECEIVING/DELIVERING OF CONTAINERS IN TERMINALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/455980</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Land-side operations for receiving/delivering of containers to/from yards through gates are analyzed in order to estimate the required number of container handling equipment to perform the operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 04 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/455980</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>COMPARATIVE TIMINGS FOR CONTAINER TRANSFER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/455032</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/455032</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>APPLICABILITY OF THE TECHNOLOGIES OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATIONS AT THE PORT OF HOUSTON'S INTERMODAL MARINE CONTAINER TERMINAL WITH CASE STUDIES OF EXISTING SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/447670</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The scope of this research includes identifying operations problems with the Barbours Cut Container Terminal gate at the Port of Houston and developing a viable solution to remedy the problems.  The study will consist of a detailed analysis of Barbours Cut's gate operations and will introduce various alternatives with the objective of reducing truck in-terminal dwell time.  Included among the alternatives are advanced technologies in the areas of electronics, computers, and communications.  These advanced technologies applied toward improving transportation are collectively called intelligent transportation systems (ITS).  These alternatives will increase the terminal's productivity by increasing efficiency, including an increase in the productivity levels of more than one hundred trucking firms serving Barbours Cut Container Terminal, and they will maintain local compliance with the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.  In addition to increasing the productivity, these alternatives will provide a safer terminal environment by reducing congestion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Sep 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/447670</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CONTAINER CRANES HOLDING STEADY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/445173</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Learning to control sway can take a new crane operator several months.  Regular sway over the lifetime of a crane results in additional loads on the crane's drive and increased wear and tear to its structure as the operator uses accelerations and decelerations to control it.  Uncontrolled sway reduces operator efficiency.  This article describes some of the new generation of closed loop, electronic anti-sway operator assistance systems which are increasingly replacing hydraulic anti-sway systems for loads.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/445173</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DEEP SEA CONTAINER OPERATIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/437184</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Three aspects of deep sea container operations are examined in detail: an owner's viewpoint with regard to manning, maintenance and repair, the liner trade operation, and management structure and changes. An initial premise of the examination is that most container vessels carry on a liner trade with fixed schedules and regular ports of call.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/437184</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CONTAINER TRACKING</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/449800</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article examines container tracking which enables a customer to know where his cargo is at any one time.  The present system of tracking containers works well and routines of comparing containers against check lists and entering these on computer systems is now firmly established.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/449800</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AUTOMATED CONTAINER TRANSHIPMENT SYSTEMS FEATURING AUTOMATIC CONTAINER IDENTIFICATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/440848</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Aug 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/440848</guid>
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