<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Preparation and performance study of coal gangue aggregate permeable concrete bricks (CGAPCBs)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2618013</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper proposes using spontaneous combustion coal gangue aggregate (SCGA) and rock roadway excavation gangue aggregate (REGA) to replace natural aggregate (NA) in producing permeable concrete (SCGAPC/REGAPC) and bricks (SCGAPCBs/REGAPCBs). Optimal mix proportion of SCGAPC was obtained by orthogonal test, Compressive strength and permeability coefficient were 25.1 MPa, 2.67 mm·s⁻¹ respectively when aggregate-cement ratio (A/C), water-cement ratio (W/C) and reinforcing agent content (RAC) were 3.2, 0.23 and 6.0%, meeting the requirements for non-vehicular pavement. SCGAPC without slurry leakage or bottom sealing was prepared when slurry yield stress, fluidity were 22.6 25.0 Pa, 210 220 mm. By single factor test, compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting strength and permeability coefficient of SCGAPCBs were 41.1 MPa, 4.1 MPa, 3.3 MPa and 1.5 mm·s⁻¹ when proportion of coarse and fine aggregates, forming pressure and pressure-holding time were 4:6, 4 MPa and 35 s, meeting the requirements for vehicular pavement. Flexural strength over 5 MPa, grade of freeze-thaw resistance and permeability up to D50 and B, grinding pit depth below 5mm of CGAPCBs were prepared, meeting the requirements for parking lot pavement.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2026 13:55:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2618013</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sustainable paving solutions: Physical and outdoor behavior of cement cobblestones with industrial polymer roof waste aggregates</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2602379</link>
      <description><![CDATA[To reduce the use of natural resources and promote a circular economy in the construction sector, this study investigates the valorization of polyurethane, polyester, and fiberglass-based roofing waste from the automotive industry as a partial replacement for natural fine aggregates in cement-based mortar paving blocks. Paving elements were manufactured with replacement levels of 20 %, 40 %, and 60 % by volume and tested for mechanical, physical, and durability properties in related standards. The results show that all mixtures met the minimum splitting tensile strength requirement of 3.60 MPa, with 40 % replacement achieving a peak improvement of 9.3 % compared to the reference. The density decreased by up to 300 kg/m³ , improving handling and reducing transportation impacts, whereas wear resistance, slip resistance, and fire resistance remained within permissible limits. Durability tests, including salt crystallization, freeze–thaw cycles, and outdoor exposure, confirmed the suitability of the materials for exterior paving applications. This research demonstrates that PU-based roofing waste can replace up to 60 % of natural fine aggregates in paving block production without compromising performance, offering a technically viable and environmentally beneficial alternative for sustainable urban infrastructure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 11:06:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2602379</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Technical feasibility study of using spent magnesia–chrome refractory bricks in concrete paving blocks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2602371</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Concrete is a fundamental construction material that poses environmental challenges, particularly concerning aggregate sourcing from natural deposits. Industrial waste materials, such as spent magnesia–chrome refractory bricks (SMCRBs) from metallurgical industries, contain hazardous elements and are often disposed of in landfills, raising environmental concerns. This research investigated the potential of SMCRBs as a partial replacement for natural river sand (NRS) in concrete paving blocks (CPBs). The study evaluated the technical properties of CPBs incorporating SMCRB at various replacement levels (0 %, 15 %, 30 %, 50 %, and 100 % by weight). The technical test results including density, water absorption, compressive and flexural strengths, structural efficiency, porosity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, abrasion resistance, and microstructure indicate that replacing up to 30 % of NRS with SMCRB is viable for producing CPBs suitable for light-traffic pavements. Additionally, the leaching concentrations of chromium and lead in the 30 % SMCRB specimens were significantly below the thresholds established by Indonesian Government Regulation for nonhazardous materials. These findings suggest that incorporating SMCRBs into CPB production not only enhances the technical properties and durability of the blocks but also mitigates environmental impacts by reducing harmful substances in surrounding areas and minimizing pollution of surface and groundwater.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 11:06:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2602371</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigating Impact of Boundary Layer in Pervious Concrete</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407387</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pervious concrete is a green concrete because of its environmental benefits including reduced carbon footprint. However, industrial application of pervious concrete is limited by uncertainty of its mechanical properties. While porosity plays an important role in mechanical properties and understanding on porosity distribution and characteristics is essential in optimising design of pervious concrete. Image analysis is a modern tool which could employ different analyses techniques and significantly reduce error than in conventional methods of analysing porosity. This study aims to analyse distribution of porosity in pervious concrete, using image analyses tools. Cubes were cast, cores were obtained, and images of the surfaces were painted and photographed. Image was converted to binary and analysed and total porosity of cubes were obtained. A small layer in the top and bottom have high porosity than total porosity and between those layers the porosity, which is lower than total porosity, is called effective porosity. Therefore, the top and bottom boundary layers were analysed with design parameters. Top boundary layer of a concrete cube is 4.7 mm and it does not depend on design parameters. The bottom boundary layer of the concrete cube increases with the aggregate to cement ratio and decreases with applied compaction energy. For blows more than 45, the bottom boundary layer does not significantly change. Minimum required number of blows for the 1st layer of the cube to get optimum bottom boundary layer is 10 for all Aggregate to cement ratio (A/C) except for design with A/C of 2.5.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2025 08:49:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407387</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Influence of Using Waste Materials as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates in Concrete Paver Blocks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407367</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Interlocking concrete block pavement has been widely used in place of flexible and rigid pavements owing to its easiness in assembling, replacement and transportation. It also has excellent drainage capacity. Its application includes sidewalks, car parks, cycle tracks and other lightly trafficked areas. The production of Interlocking concrete block pavement leads to extensive exploitation of natural resources, for the procurement of aggregates. Utilization of waste materials as partial replacement of aggregates conserves the scarce aggregates and reduces pollution. The objective of this study is to check the feasibility of using waste materials as a sustainable and economically viable option for producing concrete paver blocks. This study investigates the effect of using two easily available waste materials in Kerala viz. coconut shell and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate rubber as a partial replacement alternative of coarse aggregates in the production of concrete paver blocks. This paper investigates the effect of replacement of various percentages viz. 0, 5 10, 15 and 20% of coconut shell and rubber on the properties of the paver blocks. The effect on 7th day, 14th day and 28th day compressive strength as well as water absorption was studied. The optimum percentage of replacement was determined. Also, between coconut shells and scrap rubber the better alternative for replacement of coarse aggregate was evaluated. The compressive strength on replacement with coconut shells keeps on increasing till the optimum percentage of 15% is reached and then decreases gradually while for rubber there is an increase in trend till the optimum percentage of 5% is reached and then decreases. Replacement with coconut shell is a better alternative than rubber since more aggregates can be replaced.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2025 08:49:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407367</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Collapse of Massive Concrete Structures: The Case of Boulders for the Breakwater of Augusta’s Harbor in Italy</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594276</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The brittle failure of a 25m3 massive concrete block during handling at Augusta’s harbor, Italy, was investigated to identify the root causes and propose improvements for future projects. The study combined experimental, numerical, and on-site analyses to assess the impact of design, manufacturing, and handling procedures on the block’s performance. Experimental tests revealed significant microcracking, high excess voidage (1.5%–3.0%), and a reduced density (average 2,200 kg/m3), primarily caused by insufficient compaction during casting and the lack of curing. These defects amplified thermal gradients resulting from cement hydration and contributed to the structural degradation. Numerical finite-element simulations confirmed that pre-existing continuity issues, coupled with improper handling involving nonsymmetric lifting, resulted in localized tensile stresses approaching the material’s tensile strength. The findings highlight the critical role of proper compaction, curing, and handling protocols in mitigating thermal stress-induced cracking and ensuring the durability of massive concrete structures. Practical recommendations are proposed to enhance the quality and reliability of future concrete boulders for harbor infrastructure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Sep 2025 09:18:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2594276</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Properties of one-part geopolymer pedestrian blocks made using 100 % waste materials</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2568530</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is one of the most commonly used construction materials. However, the production process of OPC significantly contributes to environmental degradation, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable alternatives that can reduce the construction industry's carbon footprint. One such alternative is geopolymer concrete. This study focuses on the development of pedestrian blocks made from one-part geopolymer concrete, using 100 % waste materials such as fly ash, slag, and recycled asphalt aggregates. Additionally, recycled plastic was incorporated in varying proportions of 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5 % by volume of the binder materials. The physical and mechanical properties of the geopolymer concrete blocks—including density, water absorption, abrasion resistance, skid resistance, compressive strength, and flexural strength—were thoroughly investigated. Given the focus on waste material utilization, assessing the environmental impact is essential. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) was selected as a key metric to evaluate the carbon footprint (measured in kg CO₂-equivalent) of the materials used in the geopolymer pedestrian blocks. Results indicated that although mechanical strength decreased with increasing plastic content, the blocks maintained adequate strength for pedestrian use up to a certain percentage of plastic incorporation. In terms of GWP, the inclusion of plastic waste led to a slight increase; however, the overall GWP of the blocks remained low due to the use of waste materials. This paper discusses the effect of recycled plastic on the tested properties, and the results indicate that one-part geopolymer concrete blocks can be effectively used for pedestrian applications, meeting standard requirements with the inclusion of plastic up to a specific volume.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 2025 16:12:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2568530</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessment of Infiltration in Modified Block Pavements: Integrating Pervious Concrete for Innovative Pavement Construction</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2526790</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The block pavement technique is economical and requires less maintenance than conventional pavement techniques. However, it has drawbacks, such as water logging issues in heavy rainfall areas due to the absence of camber, unlike traditional road pavements. This study presents a comprehensive structural evaluation of modified block pavement (MBP), aimed at enhancing infiltration rates without compromising load-bearing capacities. The MBP has been developed by improvement in the surface layer by merger of pervious concrete and plain cement concrete (PCC) paving blocks. Modified blocks with circular and square shape of holes filled with pervious concrete gradation have been used for infiltration. The methodology involved testing the compressive strength of PCC blocks for mechanical properties, using the double ring infiltrometer (DRIT) to measure infiltration rates, and performing falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests to assess structural integrity. The DRIT shows that the circular hole filler between the PCC blocks shows the highest infiltration rate of 25.36  cm/h compared to square holes and joints between the blocks. The FWD test results state a gradual decrement in deflection with offset from loading. Looking forward, this research lays the groundwork for the future development of urban pavements that can mitigate flooding, enhance water management, and contribute to more sustainable infrastructure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2025 08:51:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2526790</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effectiveness of Spent Coffee Ash in Concrete Permeable Pavement Bricks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2464854</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper utilized the principle of circular economy to recycle spent coffee grounds, which are pyrolyzed into coffee ash biochar for the preparation of permeable concrete pavement bricks. This process can solve the problem of spent coffee grounds disposal and positively affect the economy and the environment. After comprehensive comparison, the coffee ash at 500°C, 650°C, and 800°C was selected as a cement substitute to replace 5%, 10%, and 15% of cement for the production of permeable pavement bricks, and orthogonal tests were conducted to investigate the effect of coffee ash in the application of permeable concrete pavement bricks, with mechanical properties, permeability, and frost resistance as the evaluation indexes. Through the experiment, it is found that with the increase of coffee ash content, the mechanical properties of permeable pavement bricks show a decreasing trend. Under the optimal water-cement ratio, the compressive strength of the specimen with a 5% spent coffee ash (SCA) content increased by 47.7% compared to the 15% content, the flexural strength increased by 64.1%, and the splitting tensile strength increased by 32.4%. The water permeability coefficient is not much different. This paper shows that the application of SCA in concrete permeable pavement bricks is feasible, and explores the application of SCA in permeable bricks and the trend of its effect on their performance. The experimental results were evaluated through range analysis and analysis of variance to determine the optimal combination of individual characteristics that can be used for different performance requirements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Feb 2025 17:05:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2464854</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Greener Concrete Paving Blocks with Hybrid Alkaline Cements and Recycled Aggregates</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2464846</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The construction sector must deliver methods of construction targeting the valorization of waste that shows potential to play value-added roles. This is a key step to reduce the heavy environmental impacts caused by a sector whose outcomes are decisive to the well-being of society. The present study is intended to address the production of concrete paving blocks using a cement with a reduced clinker content and recycled aggregates. For achieving such purpose, hybrid alkaline cements with fly ash and portland cement were studied. The research involved the development of pastes and mortars prior to concrete production. The study of mortars included compositions with two different types of recycled aggregates. After evaluating the behavior of those mortars, a recycled aggregate was selected to be used in concrete. Once the most proper composition was determined, concrete and, finally, paving blocks were developed. Besides monitoring the heat flow and total heat released by pastes through isothermal conduction calorimetry, experiments included the assessment of the compressive strength of pastes, mortars, and concrete. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and backscattered scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray (BSEM/EDX) were used to characterize the developed materials. The results showed that the type of solid activator has impact on the early-age strengths and kinetics of hybrid alkaline cements. It is worth mentioning that it was possible to produce a concrete paving block meeting European standard mechanical demands having a more sustainable binder with high fly ash content activated by a solid chemical compound of moderate alkalinity and replacing coarse natural aggregates with recycled aggregates. The commercial-scale production of these greener paving blocks using waste as raw material would contribute to a more circular and sustainable construction sector.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Feb 2025 13:45:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2464846</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improved infiltration rate determination method for interlocking-block permeable pavements using standard ASTM test apparatus</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487703</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Current standard methods of measuring permeability of interlocking-block permeable pavements (IBPPs) do not correctly measure the actual infiltration rates of IBPPs. The test results vary with test area size and location. In this study, employing the standard ASTM-1781 test apparatus, an improved procedure that adopts an experiment-based numerical approach is developed to overcome the problem. It involves the following steps: (i) Perform falling-head infiltration tests using ASTM-1781 apparatus to obtain infiltration flow data; (ii) Develop computational fluid dynamic (CFD) finite-volume models for different infiltration test conditions; and (iii) Apply appropriate finite-volume model to calculate the effective IBPP infiltration rate under any given surface water depth on the IBPP. Experimental tests were conducted to validate the proposed method.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Feb 2025 11:45:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487703</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The effect of joint properties on interlocking block pavement performance</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487663</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Joints play an important role in Interlocking Block Pavement (IBP) performance as they facilitate load transfer between the blocks, enhancing the pavement's ability to disperse loads and resist deflection. Previous laboratory model tests have aimed to identify the optimal joint width for effective load transfer. However, the findings vary due to differences in the geotechnical properties of the joint sand used in these tests, such as mineralogy, grain size distribution, and relative density, which are often overlooked and not clearly defined. Therefore, this study conducted repeated loading tests and pull-out tests on IBP with varying joint widths, focusing on the geotechnical aspects of the joint sand. Additionally, a newly designed 2D chamber enabling particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of joint properties on sublayer deformations. The test results indicated that narrow and dense joints exhibited higher deflection resistance and load dispersion ability, attributed to increased shear resistance at the joints as estimated from pull-out tests. Based on the PIV analysis results, it resulted in sublayer settlements spreading over a wide area at a shallow depth. In contrast, wider and looser joints demonstrated significant settlements extending to the base layer, indicating a potential for rutting failure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Feb 2025 17:11:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487663</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reducing the effects of clogging and surface wear on the radiative properties of concrete blocks produced with recycled glass by incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487536</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study aimed to demonstrate how incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles into concrete blocks made with recycled glass mitigates the effects of clogging and surface wear on pavement radiative properties. Using a reference concrete, four variants were formulated: with colourless, green, and amber glass, and a photocatalytic concrete with colourless glass. Three accelerated processes were applied to the concrete blocks in field: clogging, wear, and clogging on a worn surface. After each cycle of clogging and/or wear, solar reflectance and thermal emittance were measured to calculate the solar reflectance index (SRI). Surface clogging decreased the SRI for all concrete types, albeit less for photocatalytic concrete with colourless glass. SRI decreased with wear until a mean texture depth (MTD) near 0.80 mm, where a stabilisation trend was noted across all concretes. Photocatalytic concrete with colourless glass consistently showed the highest SRI values relative to the MTD. Clogging on worn surfaces indicated superior radiative properties for photocatalytic concrete with colourless glass at surface contamination degree (SCD) values less than 40%. In conclusion, conventional concretes with glass had inferior radiative properties compared to reference concrete. However, photocatalytic concrete with colourless glass showed superior radiative properties, indicating that nano-TiO₂ addition reduced clogging and wear effects.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jan 2025 16:57:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487536</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Ceramic waste powder as a cement replacement in concrete paving blocks: mechanical properties and environmental assessment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487593</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the quest for eco-friendly alternatives to ordinary Portland cement, a material extensively used in the manufacture of concrete paving blocks, this study explores the potential of ceramic waste powder. Towards this, a parametric investigation is conducted into the effects of substituting cement with ceramic waste powder on the mechanical properties and durability performance of mass-produced pressed concrete blocks. The findings reveal that the incorporation of ceramic waste powder as a partial cement replacement can markedly enhance the strength and durability of the paving blocks. Specifically, mixtures, containing 20% and 30% ceramic waste powder, demonstrated an increase in compressive and tensile strength by 30% and 19%, respectively, compared to their control counterparts. In addition, the modified blocks exhibited a decrease in water absorption and weight loss after undergoing freezing and thawing cycles by 8% and 40%, respectively. A life cycle assessment corroborates the environmental viability of ceramic waste powder as a cement substitute, indicating reductions across all environmental impact categories, with notable improvements. This research paves the way for more sustainable solutions in pedestrian pavement construction, underscoring the potential of ceramic waste powder as a significant contributor to global sustainability efforts in the construction industry.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jan 2025 14:05:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2487593</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving the properties of recycled aggregate pervious pavement blocks through bio-mineralization</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2473562</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pervious concrete (PC) comprised of cement, water, coarse aggregates are widely used nowadays for sustainable and low impact pavement. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the performance enhancement of pervious concrete blocks (PCB) containing recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) through microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Two types of bacterial enhancement methods were adopted, which are PCB with pre-soaked RCA using bacteria solution and PCB with bacteria added mixing water. The properties of RCA, cement paste, and PCB were measured. The water absorption of RCA soaked in the bacteria and culture medium for 21 days was reduced by 10.41%. Meanwhile, the porosity of PCB decreased by 15.70%, and compressive strength increased up to 28.48% when incorporating pre-soaked RCA. There was an increase of 57.23% in compressive strength for hardened cement paste when bacteria were added in the mixing water. The compressive strength of PCB increased by 35.48% when compared with PCB with normal mixing water. Both enhancement methods show promising results and realize the purpose of enhancing the properties of PCB containing RCA.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jan 2025 16:51:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2473562</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>