<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Standardization of On-Vehicle Measurement of BEV Thermal System Energy Consumption and Range Impacts</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691923</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper presents research and digital twin modeling results to support work on a methodology to properly account for the energy consumed by the thermal system of a BEV, for use within both existing Petroleum-Equivalent Fuel Economy (PEFE) calculations, and the proposed addition of hot and cold weather range values to the consumer-facing Monroney label [1]. Properly accounting for thermal system impacts would incentivize minimizing energy consumption of these systems, since 1) BEV PEFE is a direct input to an OEMs overall CAFE performance, and 2) the values on the Monroney label has some impact on consumer vehicle choice. The impetus for this work was Final Rules issued by the EPA and NHTSA in early 2024 eliminating A/C Efficiency Credits for BEVs from the 2027 MY, thus eliminating regulatory incentives to minimize energy consumption of these systems. Higher energy consumption will produce a number of negative secondary effects, including higher real-world greenhouse gas emissions, reduced vehicle range, greater strain on the nation’s electrical grid, and higher vehicle mass leading to reduced vehicle safety - should OEMs opt to merely install larger batteries to address cold and hot weather range impacts instead of implementing lower energy-consuming technology. The results from the analysis, which ideally would be confirmed with follow-up vehicle tests, show that for a baseline, PTC-heat based system, thermal system energy consumption represents 19.2% of the total energy consumed by a BEV on an annual basis, using an ambient-VMT weighted approach. It seems to be the technical equivalent of “straining at a gnat while swallowing a camel” to focus so much time and energy on identifying incremental improvements in energy consumption from the propulsion-portion of a BEV, while by comparison ignoring the system that according to this analysis can account for nearly 20% of the total on an annual basis.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 15:11:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691923</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving Winter Driving Range of EVs with a Novel Desiccant Device: Ceramic Humidity Regulator (CHR)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691893</link>
      <description><![CDATA[With rapid growth of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the market, challenges such as driving range, charging infrastructure, and reducing charging time needs to be addressed. Unlike traditional Internal combustion vehicles, EVs have limited heating sources and primarily uses electricity from the running battery, which reduces driving range. Additionally, during winter operation, it is necessary to prevent window fogging to ensure better visibility, which requires introducing cold outside air into the cabin. This significantly increases the energy consumption for heating and the driving range can be reduced to half of the normal range. This study introduces the Ceramic Humidity Regulator (CHR), a compact and energy-efficient device developed to address driving range improvement. The CHR uses a desiccant system to dehumidify the cabin, which can prevent window fogging without introducing cold outside air, thereby reducing heating energy consumption. CHR is based on desiccant dehumidification technology. Unlike conventional desiccant rotors, it features an integrated structure that combines the desiccant material with a honeycomb-type Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) heater. This enables highly efficient direct heating regeneration and a compact design optimized for EVs installation. Previously, the heating power reduction achieved by CHR was measured, and the extended driving range was estimated based on those results. In contrast, this study conducted a complete driving test from full to empty battery charge in a cold laboratory environment. The test was performed using the CLTC (China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle) driving mode. Using an EV equipped with a CHR prototype, tests were conducted with CHR turned ON and OFF respectively. A 13% improvement in winter driving range was actually observed, confirming the real-world benefits of the concept. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CHR is a promising solution for extending EVs driving range under winter conditions while improving energy efficiency and passenger comfort.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 15:11:21 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2691893</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Event-Driven Personalized Travel Path Planning with Integrated En-route POI Recommendations</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2664376</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Participants in large-scale sports events in cold environments demand efficient and personalized travel route planning to ensure they can take part in the activities on time, safely and comfortably. While existing travel planning studies primarily address basic origin-destination requirements, they often overlook the impact of cold environments on pedestrians’ psychology and physiology and the route recommendations for personalized travel. To bridge this gap, a personalized travel path planning with integrated en-route point of interest (POI) recommendations (PTPP-POI) framework in the cold events is proposed. It takes into account the impact of cold environments on the psychology and physiology of pedestrians, and dynamically recommends personalized travel routes to meet the travel needs of pedestrians in cold events. Taking the Beijing Winter Olympics as an example, and simulation results indicate that implementing PTPP-POI increases the probability of path matching—from 77.4% to 81.6% during ingress and from 47.0% to 52.6% during egress—along with significant increases in serviced POI counts. The PTPP-POI offers a user-friendly travel guidance framework that not only enhances the probability of path matching and POI utilization but also substantially improves the overall experience of participants.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 10:15:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2664376</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantifying the Energy Consumption of HVAC Operation and Its Impact on the Range of Electric Buses Across Diverse Climatic Conditions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663558</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Electric buses (e-buses) are essential to sustainable public transport, but their real-world efficiency and range are heavily affected by auxiliary systems, particularly the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. This study investigates how ambient temperature variations and HVAC loads influence energy consumption, range, and efficiency in e-buses operating under diverse climatic conditions. The methodology combines field data collection from urban e-buses across seasons—including extreme summer and winter—with controlled laboratory testing. Field measurements included ambient temperature, HVAC demand, vehicle speed, state of charge (SOC) variation, and energy consumption. These inputs were used to develop real-world duty cycles, replicating actual thermal loads, passenger profiles, idling periods, and driving patterns. In the laboratory, these cycles were simulated using a chassis dynamometer and environmental chamber, with HVAC systems tested at controlled ambient temperatures (−5 °C to 45 °C). Energy split analysis quantified the proportion of energy used for propulsion versus HVAC, revealing the range impact under extreme conditions. Key results show a 20–40 % range reduction during peak HVAC operation, with variability tied to cabin insulation, HVAC control strategies, and route dynamics. The study compares climate control, thermal pre-conditioning, and dynamic thermal management to optimize efficiency. By bridging real-world data with laboratory validation, this research delivers actionable insights for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), fleet operators, and policymakers to mitigate HVAC-related energy losses and ensure reliable e-bus deployment across climates.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2026 16:36:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2663558</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Probabilistic Thermal Modelling of AdBlue System Using Bayesian Networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2623852</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In Diesel engine exhaust after treatment system (ATS), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emissions control is achieved via Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) in which AdBlue or Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) plays vital role. But AdBlue freezes below -11°C due to which in cold climate conditions system performance becomes critical as it affects efficiency as well as overall performance leading to safety and compliance with emission standards issue. So, it is essential to have a probabilistic thermal model which can predict the AdBlue temperature as per ambient temperature conditions. The present paper focuses on developing Bayesian Network (BN) based algorithm for AdBlue system by modelling probability of key factors influencing on its performance including AdBlue temperature, Ambient temperature, Coolant temperature, Coolant flow, Vehicle operating conditions etc. The BN Model predicts and ensures continuous learning and improvement of the system, based on operational data. Methodology proposed in the paper aims to demonstrate a probabilistic model that captures the interactions affecting the AdBlue system's thermal behavior.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 15:37:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2623852</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Obstacles to the Widespread Implementation of Autonomous Vehicles in Vermont</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640182</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Autonomous vehicle (AV) technology continues to progress, yet many regions face significant challenges that slow real-world deployment. Vermont provides a clear example of this problem because its rural road network, variable pavement quality, and severe winter weather affect how sensors interpret the roadway environment. Snow, fog, potholes, and non standard intersections can interfere with optical and sensor-based systems, which can reduce navigation accuracy and vehicle decision making. These obstacles demonstrate the need to understand how environmental and infrastructure conditions influence automated systems in rural settings.

This project will document AV performance challenges through field observation and video recordings that capture roadway conditions and driver behavior. Researchers will categorize the effects of surface deterioration, poor markings, weather events, and irregular geometry on system reliability and object detection. The study will also evaluate opportunities for roadway design changes, sensor redundancies, and maintenance practices that can support more consistent AV operation. The findings will guide planners and engineers as they prepare for gradual adoption of automated vehicles in Vermont and other regions with similar conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Dec 2025 12:58:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2640182</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluating the Virginia Department of Transportation’s Potential Use of Electric Pickup Trucks Using Field Test Data</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2630520</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In December 2022, the Virginia Transportation Research Council completed the technical assistance report, Potential for Electrification of the VDOT Vehicle Fleet, which investigated how electric trucks might integrate into the Virginia Department of Transportation’s (VDOT's) fleet. That study was based on daily mileages of a sample of VDOT’s current internal combustion engine pickup truck fleet and manufacturer-supplied ranges of the Ford F-150 Lightning electric trucks. This current project builds on that previous effort by (1) field testing the range, charging, and general capabilities of the electric truck and its associated charging infrastructure and (2) capturing the experiences of VDOT field staff when using the vehicle.  Field testing revealed that the electric truck performed consistently with manufacturer estimates under standard driving conditions but experienced significant range reductions during towing operations (50–70% decrease) and cold weather conditions (energy consumption of 4.1 miles per hour equivalent during winter idling). The vehicle demonstrated good suitability for local maintenance operations, with accurate range estimation and effective performance during low-speed work zone operations. Based on these findings, the study recommends that VDOT’s Maintenance Division initiate a pilot electric vehicle deployment that prioritizes electric sport utility vehicles and sedans at selected facilities. The operational limitations observed in electric pickup trucks during towing and cold weather operations indicate that electric sport utility vehicles and sedans can provide similar fuel and maintenance cost benefits without these constraints because they are typically not required for heavy towing or 24-hour, around-the-clock emergency operations that characterize many pickup truck applications. The refined Electric Vehicle Decision Support Tool developed from field test data can guide optimal deployment decisions, with properly deployed electric trucks providing potential annual savings of $1,400 per vehicle compared with conventional pickup trucks through reduced fuel and maintenance costs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Dec 2025 09:55:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2630520</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Guidelines on Concrete Mixture Optimization in Varying Weather Conditions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2582259</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The substitution of a portion of cement in concrete with supplementary cementing materials (SCM) frequently results in delayed setting and low early strength. When SCM-containing concrete is placed during cold weather and/or contains certain chemical admixtures, set time and strength problems can intensify and seriously impact both the early performance and durability of a pavement. Ideally, concrete mixtures that will experience delayed setting should be identified prior to placement in the field. This demands that all concrete mixtures, which will be used in the field, first be evaluated for set times and early strength at the temperatures expected during paving on the project. At this point, the most accurate technologies available for detecting the potential for delayed setting of concrete mixtures are not simple enough for use in the field. However, in most cases, delayed setting can be prevented by following the recommendations provided in these guidelines.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Nov 2025 17:17:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2582259</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Novel Approach to Enhance Compressor Life in Passenger Vehicle MAC Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2623826</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Compressor durability is a critical factor for ensuring the long-term reliability of Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) systems in passenger vehicles. This study presents a software based strategy for enhancing compressor life using Smart Fully Automatic Temperature Control (FATC), requiring no additional hardware. The proposed approach leverages existing inputs from the FATC and Engine Management System (EMS) to intelligently manage compressor operation, with a focus on addressing challenges related to prolonged non-usage.In extended inactivity scenarios such as during cold weather, vehicle exportation, storage, or breakdowns, lubrication oil tends to settle in the compressor sump, leaving internal parts dry. Sudden reactivation at high engine speeds under such conditions can cause increased friction, wear and even compressor seizure. To mitigate this, an intelligent reactivation protocol has been developed and integrated into the Climate Control Module (CCM).This protocol continuously monitors parameters such as ambient and evaporator temperatures, solar load and engine RPM to detect extended inactivity. Upon detection, it initiates a controlled compressor activation sequence involving short duration clutch engagement cycles, allowing gradual lubrication and preventing mechanical stress. The strategy includes a multivariable detection framework and dynamic threshold adaptation that tailors activation logic to real-time environmental and operational conditions. A Smart transition mechanism ensures smooth switching between safe and regular operation modes. Preliminary testing shows that this method effectively minimizes dry starts, reduces mechanical wear and supports long term compressor health. The proposed strategy offers a cost effective and robust solution for improving compressor durability, lowering maintenance costs and enhancing user satisfaction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Nov 2025 16:26:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2623826</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Comparative Analysis of Motorcyclist Injury Severity During Cold and Warm Weather Conditions Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2611206</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A remarkable trend has been observed in the state of Washington in which the number of fatalities per billion vehicle miles traveled during warm months highly exceeds those in colder ones. Moreover, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this trend. Therefore, the current study aimed to address how the weather conditions and the COVID-19 pandemic affected motorcyclists’ injury severities. A random parameter multinomial logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances was estimated as a methodological approach. Further, to investigate the temporal stability between cold and warm weather conditions and the pandemic, a holistic model and six separate models were developed. Several factors were found to drastically affect motorcyclist injuries depending on the weather conditions. For instance, during cold months, dry roads and lighting conditions played a significant role, whereas during warm months, distracted driving and lane changing were key contributors. The estimation results also highlighted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in altering these factors and their impacts on injury severities sustained by motorcyclists. In particular, the use of drugs had a more significant impact in 2020 compared with previous years in both cold and warm weather models. Additionally, the indicator of vehicles running off the road after the crash was only significant during the pandemic for both cold and warm months. The study findings highlight the urgent need to improve motorcycle safety by implementing policies and countermeasures and intensifying efforts to examine the impacts of weather conditions and pandemics on the injury severity of motorcyclists.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Oct 2025 15:50:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2611206</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The Method of Division and Classification Quantification for Snow and Ice Removal on Airport Pavement</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408073</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the northern cities of China, the winter snow and ice on the airport pavement seriously affects the airport operation efficiency. It is necessary to study the area division and classification quantification of airport pavement snow and ice removal operation in order to scientifically dispatch the equipment group of airport pavement for snow clearance and de-icing. Based on the analysis of the importance of different airport pavements, the airport pavement is divided into different snow removal areas, and the initial priority quantification model is proposed. The gray difference network method is used to predict the operation time of the airport pavement snow removal. Then, the dynamic priority model of the airport pavement is established with the initial priority as the input, and the dynamic status of the airport pavement priority in each stage is generated, and output dynamic priority matrix. Finally, the process of snow and ice removal in a large hub airport is simulated, and the simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Aug 2025 08:51:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408073</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research on Charging Station Planning Technology Based on Pure Electric Taxi SOC Driving Range in Northern Cold Area City</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408065</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, through the analysis of the remaining mileage (SOC) in the operating characteristics of pure electric taxis in northern cold cities, the service range of charging stations is quantitatively analyzed and studied, so as to construct a geometric model for charging station planning, determine the constraints, and This paper proposes the shortest time service range model of charging stations based on SOC mileage, and solves the model using greedy algorithm to provide charging station planning technology for northern cold cities, so as to provide correlation for the promotion and application of pure electric taxis in northern cold regions Technical Support. Finally, based on the data related to the operation of pure electric taxis in Urumqi, the planning of the charging station in Urumqi was planned.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Aug 2025 08:51:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2408065</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) Site Assessment Report for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Chena Site Near Fairbanks, Alaska</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2577128</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report presents an analysis of the requirements for charging station installation and electric vehicle (EV) operation at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Chena site, located in a cold-weather climate in the Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska. The report includes findings from a site visit, as well as a detailed EV charging site plan with cost estimates. The cost for three 50-ampere pedestal chargers located on the edge of the existing parking lot is estimated at $53,100, and the cost of three 80-A chargers is estimated at $89,400.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Aug 2025 08:50:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2577128</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Numerical Analysis on Deformation and Damage of Ballastless Track Slab Subjected to Multiple Impacts of Ice</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2526399</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A dynamic finite element analysis model for multiple impacts of ice block on ballastless track slabs was established on the basis of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite-element method. Furthermore, the influence of ice parameters and impact velocity on the deformation damage of the track slab was investigated. The numerical results show that both the dimple depth and the internal damage increase when the impact times increases. When considering the condition of quartic impacts with the diameter of the ice block increasing from 50 to 80 mm, the maximum depth and internal damage exhibited a significant increase of approximately 85.9% and 85.7%, respectively. When the impact velocity increases from 150 to 350 km/h, the maximum depth and internal damage increase by 235.4% and 119%, respectively. The research results can provide valuable reference for implementing the traffic restrictions of high-speed train and evaluating the service life of track slabs in icy and snowy weather conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2025 08:54:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2526399</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of Framework Behaviour Depending on the Selected Material in Permafrost and Seismic Conditions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407912</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Difficult construction conditions arise in areas of combined permafrost and high seismic activity. The difficulties do not only arise in the selection of foundations and structural substrate but also in adopting the appropriate structural building system being very varied. Frame systems are known to be the most common in the construction of buildings, with significant advantages. These systems, however, have serious drawbacks most pronounced during earthquakes in the form of damage to frame joints. The article assesses the earthquake resistance of the framework with permafrost soils in its base. Five-story frame buildings made of reinforced concrete, metal and wood were selected for the study. Permafrost soils are represented by loams. Soil thawing has been found to have an effect on the earthquake resistance of the frame. A steel frame was found to be the most stable of the frame types examined. The stress-strain state of the different frame types, however, varies in the process of soil thawing, indicating the need to provide for monitoring of the building structures and, if necessary, to apply additional structural measures to increase their seismic resistance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 31 Jul 2025 13:58:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2407912</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>