The Effects of Safety Parameters on Vehicular Emissions: An Integrated Car Following and Fuel Consumption Modeling Approach

This paper studies the effects of 5 safety related parameters in the Prospect Theory based acceleration model on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The individual driving behaviors are linked to emissions using the Virginia Tech Comprehensive Power-based Fuel Consumption model. The safety parameters in the Prospect Theory based acceleration model include α (Velocity Uncertainty Variation Coefficient), β (Logit Uncertainty Parameter), γ (Exponent of Prospect Theory Utility), wc (Accident Weighing Factor), and wm (Weighing Factor for Negative Utility). The effects of these parameters on vehicular emissions are explored considering three illustrative car classes: light duty truck, standard sedan, and compact car, represented by the 2012 Ford F150, the 2012 Toyota Camry, and the 2012 Honda Civic, respectively. Simulation experiments are designed by assuming a lead vehicle driving along the Urban Dynamometer Drive Schedule. Thus, the following vehicle is exposed to the many acceleration trends experienced in urban driving scenarios. Under these conditions, each safety parameter was individually varied at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, 140%, 160%, 180% and 200% of its typical value while the others were held constant at their respective calibrated values. The simulation results show that three parameters, α, β, and wm, have impacts on acceleration distributions and vehicle emissions. Conversely, the safety parameters γ and wc have negligible effect on vehicle emissions.

• Supplemental Notes:
  • This paper was sponsored by TRB committee AHB45 Traffic Flow Theory and Characteristics.
• Corporate Authors:

  Transportation Research Board

  500 Fifth Street, NW
  Washington, DC  United States  20001
• Authors:
  • Arnoldy, Mark
  • Talebpour, Alireza
  • Hamdar, Samer H
  • Dong, Jing
• Conference:
  • Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting
  • Location: Washington DC
  • Date: 2014-1-12 to 2014-1-16
• Date: 2014

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Digital/other
• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: 18p
• Monograph Title: TRB 93rd Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Acceleration (Mechanics); Car following; Carbon dioxide; Compact automobiles; Fuel consumption; Light trucks; Microscopic traffic flow; Midsize automobiles; Pollutants; Traffic safety; Traffic simulation
• Uncontrolled Terms: Prospect theory
• Subject Areas: Environment; Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; I15: Environment; I91: Vehicle Design and Safety;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01520191
• Record Type: Publication
• Report/Paper Numbers: 14-5194
• Files: TRIS, TRB, ATRI
• Created Date: Mar 26 2014 11:27AM